nRF Bootloader Sample in samples/bootloader not building for nRF5340

RE: nRF Bootloader Sample in samples/bootloader not building for nRF5340

Raoul — Tue, 21 Nov 2023 18:09:13 GMT

Hi Dheerkot,

[quote user="dheerkot"]First Step i.e. creating the NSIB from link https://docs.nordicsemi.com/bundle/ncs-latest/page/nrf/samples/bootloader/README.html the build fails now as well after updating to nRF connect SDK v2.5.0. I have freshly installed it from the toolchain manager, then I open VS Code, Browse for samples from nRF Connect Plugin, Open Project nrf/samples/bootloader and build it with prj.conf for 'nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp' and I am getting the same build error here's a log of error below: ( Can I do something to clean up my SDK / toolchain / repo to be able to build this)[/quote]

Strange. It sounds like you are doing things right. I now tried to build on NCS v2.5.0 and didn't meet issues. Could you try deleting your build folder and trying again? If that doesn't work, please see this answer as I think it will solve your issue:

Compile ERROR "undefined reference to `sys_clock_cycle_get_32'" with custom board

It's just strange that it wouldn't work by default.

Since you asked, here are my logs:

For v2.4.1:

 *  Executing task: nRF Connect: Build [pristine]: bootloader/build (active) 

Building bootloader
C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe /d /s /c "west build --build-dir c:/cases/317666/bootloader/build c:/cases/317666/bootloader --pristine --board nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp --no-sysbuild -- -DNCS_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION:STRING="NONE" -DBOARD_ROOT:STRING="c:/cases/317666/bootloader" -DCONF_FILE:STRING="c:/cases/317666/bootloader/prj.conf;c:/cases/317666/bootloader/boards/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp.conf""

-- west build: generating a build system
Loading Zephyr default modules (Zephyr base).
-- Application: C:/cases/317666/bootloader
-- CMake version: 3.20.5
-- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/bin/python.exe (found suitable exact version "3.8.2") found components: Interpreter 
-- Cache files will be written to: C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr/.cache
-- Zephyr version: 3.3.99 (C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr)
-- Found west (found suitable version "1.0.0", minimum required is "0.7.1")
-- Board: nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp
-- Found host-tools: zephyr 0.16.0 (C:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/zephyr-sdk)
-- Found toolchain: zephyr 0.16.0 (C:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/zephyr-sdk)
-- Found Dtc: C:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/bin/dtc.exe (found suitable version "1.4.7", minimum required is "1.4.6") 
-- Found BOARD.dts: C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf5340dk_nrf5340/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp.dts
-- Generated zephyr.dts: C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build/zephyr/zephyr.dts
-- Generated devicetree_generated.h: C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build/zephyr/include/generated/devicetree_generated.h
-- Including generated dts.cmake file: C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build/zephyr/dts.cmake
Parsing C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr/Kconfig
Loaded configuration 'C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf5340dk_nrf5340/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp_defconfig'
Merged configuration 'c:/cases/317666/bootloader/prj.conf'
Merged configuration 'c:/cases/317666/bootloader/boards/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp.conf'
Configuration saved to 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build/zephyr/.config'
Kconfig header saved to 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build/zephyr/include/generated/autoconf.h'
-- Found GnuLd: c:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/12.2.0/../../../../arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/ld.bfd.exe (found version "2.38") 
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: C:/ncs/toolchains/31f4403e35/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/arm-zephyr-eabi-gcc.exe
CMake Warning at C:/ncs/v2.4.1/nrf/subsys/bootloader/CMakeLists.txt:12 (message):
  Building bootloader without associated application.  Dummy values will be
  used for partition configuration.The idiomatic way of including the
  immutable bootloader is to set the configuration
  'CONFIG_SECURE_BOOTLOADER=y' in your applications 'prj.conf'.


CMake Warning at C:/ncs/v2.4.1/zephyr/CMakeLists.txt:839 (message):
  No SOURCES given to Zephyr library: lib__libc__common

  Excluding target from build.


-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: C:/cases/317666/bootloader/build
-- west build: building application
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Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used
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 *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it.

For v2.5.0:

 *  Executing task: nRF Connect: Generate config nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp for c:\cases\317666\bootloader_1 

Building bootloader_1
C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe /d /s /c "west build --build-dir c:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build c:/cases/317666/bootloader_1 --pristine --board nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp --no-sysbuild -- -DNCS_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION:STRING="NONE" -DBOARD_ROOT:STRING="c:/cases/317666/bootloader_1""

-- west build: generating a build system
Loading Zephyr default modules (Zephyr base).
-- Application: C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1
-- CMake version: 3.20.5
-- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/bin/python.exe (found suitable version "3.8.2", minimum required is "3.8") found components: Interpreter 
-- Cache files will be written to: C:/ncs/v2.5.0/zephyr/.cache
-- Zephyr version: 3.4.99 (C:/ncs/v2.5.0/zephyr)
-- Found west (found suitable version "1.1.0", minimum required is "0.14.0")
-- Board: nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp
-- Found host-tools: zephyr 0.16.1 (C:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk)
-- Found toolchain: zephyr 0.16.1 (C:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk)
-- Found Dtc: C:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/bin/dtc.exe (found suitable version "1.4.7", minimum required is "1.4.6") 
-- Found BOARD.dts: C:/ncs/v2.5.0/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf5340dk_nrf5340/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp.dts
-- Generated zephyr.dts: C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build/zephyr/zephyr.dts
-- Generated devicetree_generated.h: C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build/zephyr/include/generated/devicetree_generated.h
-- Including generated dts.cmake file: C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build/zephyr/dts.cmake
Parsing C:/ncs/v2.5.0/zephyr/Kconfig
Loaded configuration 'C:/ncs/v2.5.0/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf5340dk_nrf5340/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp_defconfig'
Merged configuration 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/prj.conf'
Merged configuration 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/boards/nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp.conf'
Configuration saved to 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build/zephyr/.config'
Kconfig header saved to 'C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build/zephyr/include/generated/autoconf.h'
-- Found GnuLd: c:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/12.2.0/../../../../arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/ld.bfd.exe (found version "2.38") 
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 12.2.0
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: C:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/arm-zephyr-eabi-gcc.exe
CMake Warning at C:/ncs/v2.5.0/nrf/subsys/bootloader/CMakeLists.txt:12 (message):
  Building bootloader without associated application.  Dummy values will be
  used for partition configuration.The idiomatic way of including the
  immutable bootloader is to set the configuration
  'CONFIG_SECURE_BOOTLOADER=y' in your applications 'prj.conf'.


-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: C:/cases/317666/bootloader_1/build
-- west build: building application
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 *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it.

Further:

[quote user="dheerkot"]I have gone through this doc. Does this imply that one can have either MCUBoot or NSIB based on the choice if you want the bootloader to be upgradable or not. Is that what you can infer. If not could you please explain all possible scenarios. My intention is to protect my application with all the security features available.[/quote]

From the GitHub repo I shared previously:

In general, the nRF Connect SDK uses MCUboot for its bootloader.
If you need an Upgradable Bootloader, the Nordic Secure Immutable Bootloader (NSIB) is generally used in addition to MCUboot.
For more information on this, see Bootloaders and Device Firmware Upgrade.

So you can choose to have no bootloader, 1 bootloader (mcuboot) or 2 bootloaders (mcuboot & NSIB).

Besides that, please note that there's not a direct relationship between security, and having a bootloader. Enabling mcuboot will allow you to update your application "in the field" without a debugger, if necessary. That could be useful if you for instance discover a bug that has to be fixed. Enabling NSIB in addition, will allow you to also update the mcuboot partition in the field.

[quote user="dheerkot"]Q. I would like to protect some customer info data, keys and communitcate between two MCUs(two nordic boards) securely. Could you suggest how this can be done using the TF-M solution.[/quote]

Please create a new ticket for this question. Thanks!

Best regards,

Raoul

RE: nRF Bootloader Sample in samples/bootloader not building for nRF5340

dheerkot — Mon, 20 Nov 2023 09:11:10 GMT

Hello Raoul,

Thanks you for your reply.

Regarding your goals: you mean that you want to create an application with an upgradable bootloader? And you want the application to use TF-M? I'm just asking to be clear.
D: I want to create an application which has NSIB, MCUBoot and also has the features of TF-M i.e. security by separation.

Since you write "NSIB ->MCUBoot->TF-M" I thought there might be a misunderstanding here. Trusted Firmware M is a "security by separation" architecture for your application, where you only consider parts of your application trustworthy. You can read more here: An Introduction to Trusted Firmware-M (TF-M)

So the topics you mention are not directly related. I think that it's best to do one step at a time, and that you create a new ticket for your TF-M questions.

Note: I have made no changes to the sample just building it as is.

D: Thank you for sharing the Blog, it is helpful. Yes I plan to do it one step at a time and in the First Step i.e. creating the NSIB from link https://docs.nordicsemi.com/bundle/ncs-latest/page/nrf/samples/bootloader/README.html the build fails now as well after updating to nRF connect SDK v2.5.0. I have freshly installed it from the toolchain manager, then I open VS Code, Browse for samples from nRF Connect Plugin, Open Project nrf/samples/bootloader and build it with prj.conf for 'nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp' and I am getting the same build error here's a log of error below: ( Can I do something to clean up my SDK / toolchain / repo to be able to build this)
[123/133] Building C object zephyr/kernel/CMakeFiles/kernel.dir/dynamic_disabled.c.obj
[124/133] Building C object zephyr/kernel/CMakeFiles/kernel.dir/mempool.c.obj
[125/133] Building C object zephyr/kernel/CMakeFiles/kernel.dir/timer.c.obj
[126/133] Building C object zephyr/kernel/CMakeFiles/kernel.dir/timeout.c.obj
[127/133] Linking C static library zephyr\kernel\libkernel.a
[128/133] Linking C executable zephyr\zephyr_pre0.elf
FAILED: zephyr/zephyr_pre0.elf zephyr/zephyr_pre0.map
cmd.exe /C "cd . && C:\ncs\toolchains\c57af46cb7\opt\zephyr-sdk\arm-zephyr-eabi\bin\arm-zephyr-eabi-gcc.exe -gdwarf-4 zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_pre0.dir/misc/empty_file.c.obj -o zephyr\zephyr_pre0.elf -fuse-ld=bfd -T zephyr/linker_zephyr_pre0.cmd -Wl,-Map=C:/ncs/v2.5.0/nrf/samples/bootloader/build/zephyr/zephyr_pre0.map -Wl,--whole-archive app/libapp.a zephyr/libzephyr.a zephyr/arch/common/libarch__common.a zephyr/arch/arch/arm/core/aarch32/libarch__arm__core__aarch32.a zephyr/arch/arch/arm/core/aarch32/cortex_m/libarch__arm__core__aarch32__cortex_m.a zephyr/arch/arch/arm/core/aarch32/cortex_m/cmse/libarch__arm__core__aarch32__cortex_m__cmse.a zephyr/lib/libc/picolibc/liblib__libc__picolibc.a zephyr/lib/libc/common/liblib__libc__common.a zephyr/drivers/clock_control/libdrivers__clock_control.a zephyr/drivers/console/libdrivers__console.a zephyr/drivers/pinctrl/libdrivers__pinctrl.a zephyr/drivers/serial/libdrivers__serial.a zephyr/drivers/timer/libdrivers__timer.a modules/nrf/lib/fprotect/lib..__nrf__lib__fprotect.a modules/nrf/lib/fatal_error/lib..__nrf__lib__fatal_error.a modules/nrf/subsys/bootloader/bl_boot/lib..__nrf__subsys__bootloader__bl_boot.a modules/nrf/subsys/bootloader/bl_crypto/lib..__nrf__subsys__bootloader__bl_crypto.a modules/nrf/subsys/bootloader/bl_validation/lib..__nrf__subsys__bootloader__bl_validation.a modules/nrf/subsys/bootloader/bl_storage/lib..__nrf__subsys__bootloader__bl_storage.a modules/nrf/subsys/fw_info/lib..__nrf__subsys__fw_info.a modules/nrf/drivers/hw_cc310/lib..__nrf__drivers__hw_cc310.a modules/hal_nordic/nrfx/libmodules__hal_nordic__nrfx.a -Wl,--no-whole-archive zephyr/kernel/libkernel.a zephyr/CMakeFiles/offsets.dir/./arch/arm/core/offsets/offsets.c.obj -L"c:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/12.2.0/thumb/v8-m.main/nofp" -LC:/ncs/v2.5.0/nrf/samples/bootloader/build/zephyr -lgcc zephyr/arch/common/libisr_tables.a C:/ncs/v2.5.0/nrfxlib/crypto/nrf_oberon/lib/cortex-m33/soft-float/liboberon_3.0.13.a -mcpu=cortex-m33 -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -mfp16-format=ieee -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--build-id=none -Wl,--sort-common=descending -Wl,--sort-section=alignment -Wl,-u,_OffsetAbsSyms -Wl,-u,_ConfigAbsSyms -nostdlib -static -Wl,-X -Wl,-N -Wl,--orphan-handling=warn -Wl,-no-pie -DPICOLIBC_INTEGER_PRINTF_SCANF C:/ncs/v2.5.0/nrfxlib/crypto/nrf_cc312_platform/lib/cortex-m33/soft-float/no-interrupts/libnrf_cc312_platform_0.9.18.a --specs=picolibc.specs -lc -lgcc && cmd.exe /C "cd /D C:\ncs\v2.5.0\nrf\samples\bootloader\build\zephyr && C:\ncs\toolchains\c57af46cb7\opt\bin\cmake.exe -E true""
c:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/12.2.0/../../../../arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/ld.bfd.exe: zephyr/libzephyr.a(soc.c.obj): in function `arch_k_cycle_get_32':
C:\ncs\v2.5.0\zephyr\include\zephyr\arch\arm\aarch32\misc.h:26: undefined reference to `sys_clock_cycle_get_32'
c:/ncs/toolchains/c57af46cb7/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-zephyr-eabi/12.2.0/../../../../arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/ld.bfd.exe: C:\ncs\v2.5.0\zephyr\include\zephyr\arch\arm\aarch32\misc.h:26: undefined reference to `sys_clock_cycle_get_32'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
FATAL ERROR: command exited with status 1: 'C:\ncs\toolchains\c57af46cb7\opt\bin\cmake.EXE' --build 'c:\ncs\v2.5.0\nrf\samples\bootloader\build'

There is also documentation here: https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/2.1.0/nrf/app_bootloaders.html#app-bootloaders

I have gone through this doc. Does this imply that one can have either MCUBoot or NSIB based on the choice if you want the bootloader to be upgradable or not. Is that what you can infer. If not could you please explain all possible scenarios. My intention is to protect my application with all the security features available.

Q. I would like to protect some customer info data, keys and communitcate between two MCUs(two nordic boards) securely. Could you suggest how this can be done using the TF-M solution.

Regarding your build issue, unfortunately I'm not able to reproduce it. I built the same sample as you, on your NCS version (v2.4.1), and got no issues. Have you modified your sample in any way?

In your reply could you share the build log from your successful build?

Thank you in advance for looking into this.

Best Regards,

Dheerkot

RE: nRF Bootloader Sample in samples/bootloader not building for nRF5340

Raoul — Tue, 14 Nov 2023 17:09:46 GMT

Hi Dheerkot,

[quote user=""]I am currently working with the nRF5340 dev kit in attempts to implement the goals i.e. NSIB, MCUBoot and then implementing the TF-M on this dev kit.[/quote]

Regarding your goals: you mean that you want to create an application with an upgradable bootloader? And you want the application to use TF-M? I'm just asking to be clear.

So the topics you mention are not directly related. I think that it's best to do one step at a time, and that you create a new ticket for your TF-M questions.

Other than that - if you need to update your application but you don't need your bootloader to be upgradable, then you only need MCUboot.

If you want to be able to update MCUboot in the future, you will need a two-stage bootloader like you mentioned.

[quote user=""]1. I have followed the documentation but it does not have proper samples or examples. Are there any blog articles that help me with the step by step process to acheive these above described goals? (i.e. NSIB ->MCUBoot->TF-M)[/quote]

My colleague has created some bootloader samples for NCS. This one should demonstrate the use of an upgradable bootloader: https://github.com/hellesvik-nordic/samples_for_nrf_connect_sdk/tree/main/bootloader_samples/updatable_bootloader

There is also documentation here: https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/2.1.0/nrf/app_bootloaders.html#app-bootloaders

Regarding your build issue, unfortunately I'm not able to reproduce it. I built the same sample as you, on your NCS version (v2.4.1), and got no issues. Have you modified your sample in any way?

By the way, if you have the chance, I recommend you to update to NCS v2.5.0. Earlier versions don't support network core updates with a two-stage bootloader setup: Two-stage bootloader - NSIB can't validate mcuboot

Best regards,

Raoul