Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

Øyvind — Thu, 16 Oct 2025 08:28:35 GMT

Hi, thanks for opening a private ticket. I have provided an answer in that ticket.

Kind regards,
Øyvind

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

mystic — Tue, 14 Oct 2025 23:30:42 GMT

Hello Oyvind,

I have opened a private ticket in regards to this. Please look for that.

Thank You

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

Øyvind — Tue, 14 Oct 2025 14:23:20 GMT

Hello,

[quote user="mystic"]I am using the sample applications from https://github.com/Conexiotechnologies/conexio-firmware-sdk/tree/main/samples/conexio_stratus and modifying it for my board.[/quote]

Can you please provide a full board layout for your custom IoT device? Please provide both schematics and layout.

[quote user="mystic"]I'm using MAGPIO exclusively and the CESQ is still 99,99,255,255[/quote]

What antenna are you using in your design? The signal quality seems very low or non-existent.

[quote user="mystic"]The GNSS IS working as long as LTE is off. LTE seems to block it.[/quote]

Yes, this is correct. From nRF9151 Datasheet GPS receiver - GPS receiver operation is time multiplexed with the LTE modem, and GPS and QZSS position can be received while the LTE modem is in RRC Idle mode, power saving mode (PSM), or completely deactivated.

Kind regards,
Øyvind

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

mystic — Mon, 06 Oct 2025 22:35:20 GMT

I'm using MAGPIO exclusively and the CESQ is still 99,99,255,255. I am not sure why. I am using the sample applications from https://github.com/Conexiotechnologies/conexio-firmware-sdk/tree/main/samples/conexio_stratus and modifying it for my board.

From what I'm seeing the COEX2 isn't being activated (pasted the pin diagram below):

The GNSS IS working as long as LTE is off. LTE seems to block it.

00> *** Booting nRF Connect SDK v3.0.2-89ba1294ac9b ***
00> *** Using Zephyr OS v4.0.99-f791c49f492c ***
00> [00:00:00.249,511] <inf> GNSS_sample: Stratus GNSS sample started
00> [00:00:00.249,603] <inf> GNSS_sample: Configuring modem for LTE + GNSS operation...
00> [00:00:02.520,446] <inf> GNSS_sample: Modem ready
00> [00:00:02.520,874] <inf> GNSS_sample: Modem FW: mfw_nrf91x1_2.0.2
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:02.521,392] <inf> GNSS_sample: IMEI: 359404233656629
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:02.521,423] <inf> GNSS_sample: Configuring RF front-end for LTE + GNSS...
00> [00:00:02.522,521] <wrn> GNSS_sample: RF power pin still low after drive-strength boost
00> [00:00:02.522,552] <inf> GNSS_sample: Configuring QM13345 MIPI switch for LTE path
00> [00:00:02.529,113] <wrn> GNSS_sample: QM13345 not found at USID 0x00 (65536), trying 0x0C
00> [00:00:02.529,602] <err> GNSS_sample: Failed to register QM13345 switch: 65536
00> [00:00:02.529,602] <wrn> GNSS_sample: Failed to configure MIPI switch: 65536
00> [00:00:02.529,632] <inf> GNSS_sample: Programming MAGPIO and COEX0 for Stratus board
00> [00:00:02.530,456] <inf> GNSS_sample: MAGPIO programmed: OK
00> [00:00:02.531,005] <inf> GNSS_sample: COEX0 programmed: OK
00> [00:00:02.531,005] <inf> GNSS_sample: Setting modem to CFUN=0...
00> [00:00:03.565,490] <inf> GNSS_sample: Enabling LTE-M + GNSS mode...
00> [00:00:03.572,387] <inf> GNSS_sample: Setting modem to full functionality mode (CFUN=1)...
00> [00:00:03.610,748] <inf> GNSS_sample: Waiting for LTE network registration...
00> [00:00:18.611,450] <inf> GNSS_sample: System mode: %XSYSTEMMODE: 1,0,1,0
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:18.611,816] <inf> GNSS_sample: Functional mode: +CFUN: 1
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:18.612,243] <inf> GNSS_sample: LTE Registration: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:18.612,640] <inf> GNSS_sample: GPRS attach: +CGATT: 0
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:18.613,098] <inf> GNSS_sample: Signal quality: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:18.613,555] <inf> GNSS_sample: Extended signal quality: +CESQ: 99,99,255,255,255,255
00> OK
00>

Here is my main.c:

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2024-2025 Conexio Technologies, Inc
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Nordic-5-Clause
 *
 * Enhanced GNSS Sample with proper modem configuration
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/logging/log.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/gpio.h>
#include <modem/nrf_modem_lib.h>
#include <modem/lte_lc.h>
#include <dk_buttons_and_leds.h>
#include <nrf_modem_at.h>
#include <nrf_modem_gnss.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <hal/nrf_gpio.h>

LOG_MODULE_REGISTER(GNSS_sample, LOG_LEVEL_INF);

/* RF Front-end GPIO definitions */
#define RF_PWR_GPIO_DEV		DT_NODELABEL(gpio0)
#define RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN	22  /* P0.22 -> RFFE_LTE_ENABLE / COEX2 net */
#define GPS_ENABLE_PIN		19  /* P0.19 -> GPS_EN, low selects LTE path */

/* LED definitions */
#define GNSS_SEARCHING_LED	DK_LED1
#define GNSS_FIX_LED		DK_LED2
#define GNSS_BLOCKED_LED	DK_LED3
#define ERROR_LED		DK_LED4

/* Button definitions */
#define START_GNSS_BTN		DK_BTN1_MSK
#define STOP_GNSS_BTN		DK_BTN2_MSK

/* Define the PVT data frame variable */
static struct nrf_modem_gnss_pvt_data_frame pvt_data;

/* Declare helper variables to find the TTFF */
static int64_t gnss_start_time;
static bool first_fix = false;

static K_SEM_DEFINE(gnss_fix_sem, 0, 1);

/* LTE event handler - simplified version */
static void lte_handler(const struct lte_lc_evt *evt)
{
	if (!evt) {
		return;
	}

	switch (evt->type) {
	case LTE_LC_EVT_NW_REG_STATUS:
		LOG_INF("CEREG status: %d", evt->nw_reg_status);
		if (evt->nw_reg_status == LTE_LC_NW_REG_REGISTERED_HOME || 
		    evt->nw_reg_status == LTE_LC_NW_REG_REGISTERED_ROAMING) {
			LOG_INF("LTE network registered!");
		}
		break;
	case LTE_LC_EVT_LTE_MODE_UPDATE:
		LOG_INF("LTE mode update: %d", evt->lte_mode);
		break;
	case LTE_LC_EVT_RRC_UPDATE:
		LOG_INF("RRC %s",
			evt->rrc_mode == LTE_LC_RRC_MODE_CONNECTED ? "connected" : "idle");
		break;
	default:
		LOG_DBG("Unhandled LTE event: %d", evt->type);
		break;
	}
}

/* RF Front-end configuration functions */
static int configure_rf_front_end(void)
{
	int err;
	const struct device *gpio_dev = DEVICE_DT_GET(RF_PWR_GPIO_DEV);

	LOG_INF("Configuring RF front-end for LTE + GNSS...");

	if (!device_is_ready(gpio_dev)) {
		LOG_ERR("GPIO0 device not ready");
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	/* Configure RF power enable pin (COEX2) */
	err = gpio_pin_configure(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, 
				 GPIO_OUTPUT_LOW | GPIO_PUSH_PULL | GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH);
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure RF power pin: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	/* Configure GPS enable pin for antenna switching */
	err = gpio_pin_configure(gpio_dev, GPS_ENABLE_PIN, 
				 GPIO_OUTPUT_LOW | GPIO_PUSH_PULL | GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH);
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure GPS_EN pin: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	/* Boost drive strength for COEX2 pin using Nordic HAL - exact match to working diagnostics */
	nrf_gpio_pin_drive_t drive = NRF_GPIO_PIN_H0H1;
	nrf_gpio_reconfigure(NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(0, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN), NULL, NULL, NULL, &drive, NULL);

	/* Enable RF power, set GPS_EN low for LTE path initially - exact sequence */
	gpio_pin_set(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, 1);
	k_sleep(K_MSEC(1));  /* Let the power rail settle */

	/* Verify COEX2 is high - exact same check as working diagnostics */
	if (!gpio_pin_get(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN)) {
		LOG_WRN("RF power pin still low after drive-strength boost");
	} else {
		LOG_INF("RF power switch asserted, GPS_EN held low");
	}

	/* Explicitly set GPS_EN low after RF power is on */
	gpio_pin_set(gpio_dev, GPS_ENABLE_PIN, 0);

	return 0;
}

static int configure_qm13345_switch(void)
{
	int err;
	char response[64];

	LOG_INF("Configuring QM13345 MIPI switch for LTE path");

	/* Try to register QM13345 at USID 0x00 first - matching working lte_diagnostics */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XMIPIRFFEDEV=0,0");
	if (err) {
		LOG_WRN("QM13345 not found at USID 0x00 (%d), trying 0x0C", err);
		err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XMIPIRFFEDEV=0,12");
		if (err) {
			LOG_ERR("Failed to register QM13345 switch: %d", err);
			return err;
		}
	}

	/* Configure switch for LTE path */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XMIPIRFFECTRL=0,0,1,0x1C,0x01");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure QM13345 INIT phase: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XMIPIRFFECTRL=0,1,1,0x1C,0x01");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure QM13345 ON phase: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	LOG_INF("QM13345 switch locked to RF1");
	return 0;
}

static int configure_magpio_and_coex(void)
{
	int err;
	char response[128];

	LOG_INF("Programming MAGPIO and COEX0 for Stratus board");

	/* Configure MAGPIO for LTE bands */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response),
		"AT%%XMAGPIO=1,1,1,7,1,746,803,2,698,748,2,1710,2200,3,824,894,"
		"4,880,960,5,791,849,7,1565,1586");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("MAGPIO programming failed: %d", err);
		return err;
	}
	LOG_INF("MAGPIO programmed: OK");

	/* Configure COEX0 for GNSS coexistence */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XCOEX0=1,1,1565,1586");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("COEX0 programming failed: %d", err);
		return err;
	}
	LOG_INF("COEX0 programmed: OK");

	return 0;
}


/**
 * @brief Configure modem for LTE + GNSS operation with proper RF front-end setup
 */
static int modem_configure_for_lte_gnss(void)
{
	int err;
	char response[64];

	LOG_INF("Configuring modem for LTE + GNSS operation...");

	/* Initialize modem library first */
	err = nrf_modem_lib_init();
	if (err) {
		if (err == -EALREADY) {
			LOG_INF("Modem already initialized");
		} else {
			LOG_ERR("Failed to initialize modem library: %d", err);
			return err;
		}
	}

	/* Wait for modem to be ready */
	k_sleep(K_SECONDS(2));

	/* Test modem communication */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Modem not responding: %d", err);
		return err;
	}
	LOG_INF("Modem ready");

	/* Get modem info */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CGMR");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("Modem FW: %s", response);
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CGSN");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("IMEI: %s", response);
	}

	/* Now configure the RF front-end */
	err = configure_rf_front_end();
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure RF front-end: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	/* Configure QM13345 MIPI switch */
	err = configure_qm13345_switch();
	if (err) {
		LOG_WRN("Failed to configure MIPI switch: %d", err);
		/* Continue without MIPI switch - might not be present */
	}

	/* Configure MAGPIO and COEX0 */
	err = configure_magpio_and_coex();
	if (err) {
		LOG_WRN("Failed to configure antenna settings: %d", err);
		/* Continue without antenna configuration - will use defaults */
	}

	/* Turn off modem to change system mode */
	LOG_INF("Setting modem to CFUN=0...");
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CFUN=0");
	if (err) {
		LOG_WRN("CFUN=0 request failed: %d", err);
		/* Continue anyway - modem might already be in correct state */
	}
	k_sleep(K_SECONDS(1));

	/* Enable LTE-M + GNSS in system mode (1,0,1,0) */
	LOG_INF("Enabling LTE-M + GNSS mode...");
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XSYSTEMMODE=1,0,1,0");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to set system mode: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	/* Set modem to full functionality mode with LTE enabled (CFUN=1) */
	LOG_INF("Setting modem to full functionality mode (CFUN=1)...");
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CFUN=1");
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to set CFUN=1: %d", err);
		return err;
	}

	/* Wait for modem to connect to network automatically */
	LOG_INF("Waiting for LTE network registration...");
	k_sleep(K_SECONDS(15));

	/* Verify configuration */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT%%XSYSTEMMODE?");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("System mode: %s", response);
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CFUN?");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("Functional mode: %s", response);
	}

	/* Check LTE registration status and signal quality */
	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CEREG?");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("LTE Registration: %s", response);
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CGATT?");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("GPRS attach: %s", response);
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CSQ");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("Signal quality: %s", response);
	}

	err = nrf_modem_at_cmd(response, sizeof(response), "AT+CESQ");
	if (err == 0) {
		LOG_INF("Extended signal quality: %s", response);
	}

	return 0;
}

static int modem_init(void)
{
	/* Modem initialization is now handled in modem_configure_for_lte_gnss() */
	return 0;
}

/* Define a function to log fix data in a readable format */
static void print_fix_data(struct nrf_modem_gnss_pvt_data_frame *pvt_data)
{
	LOG_INF("===========================================");
	LOG_INF("           GPS POSITION ACQUIRED          ");
	LOG_INF("===========================================");
	LOG_INF("Latitude:       %.06f°", pvt_data->latitude);
	LOG_INF("Longitude:      %.06f°", pvt_data->longitude);
	LOG_INF("Altitude:       %.01f m", pvt_data->altitude);
	LOG_INF("Accuracy:       %.01f m", pvt_data->accuracy);
	LOG_INF("Speed:          %.01f m/s", pvt_data->speed);
	LOG_INF("Heading:        %.01f°", pvt_data->heading);
	LOG_INF("Time (UTC):     %04u-%02u-%02u %02u:%02u:%02u.%03u",
	       pvt_data->datetime.year,
	       pvt_data->datetime.month,
	       pvt_data->datetime.day,
	       pvt_data->datetime.hour,
	       pvt_data->datetime.minute,
	       pvt_data->datetime.seconds,
	       pvt_data->datetime.ms);
	LOG_INF("Google Maps:    https://maps.google.com/?q=%.6f,%.6f",
	       pvt_data->latitude, pvt_data->longitude);
	LOG_INF("===========================================");
}

static void gnss_event_handler(int event)
{
	int err;
	static int satellites_tracked = 0;

	switch (event) {
	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_PVT:
		err = nrf_modem_gnss_read(&pvt_data, sizeof(pvt_data), NRF_MODEM_GNSS_DATA_PVT);
		if (err) {
			LOG_ERR("Failed to read PVT data: %d", err);
			return;
		}

		/* Count satellites */
		satellites_tracked = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
			if (pvt_data.sv[i].signal != 0) {
				satellites_tracked++;
			}
		}

		if (pvt_data.flags & NRF_MODEM_GNSS_PVT_FLAG_FIX_VALID) {
			/* Fix acquired! */
			dk_set_led_off(GNSS_SEARCHING_LED);
			dk_set_led_on(GNSS_FIX_LED);

			print_fix_data(&pvt_data);

			/* Print time to first fix */
			if (!first_fix) {
				LOG_INF("Time to first fix: %lld seconds",
					(k_uptime_get() - gnss_start_time) / 1000);
				first_fix = true;
			}

			k_sem_give(&gnss_fix_sem);
		} else {
			/* No fix yet */
			dk_set_led_on(GNSS_SEARCHING_LED);
			dk_set_led_off(GNSS_FIX_LED);

			LOG_INF("GNSS: Searching for fix... (Satellites tracked: %d)",
				satellites_tracked);
		}
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_FIX:
		LOG_INF("GNSS: Fix event");
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_AGNSS_REQ:
		LOG_WRN("GNSS: A-GNSS data requested");
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_BLOCKED:
		LOG_WRN("GNSS: Blocked by LTE");
		dk_set_led_on(GNSS_BLOCKED_LED);
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_UNBLOCKED:
		LOG_INF("GNSS: Unblocked");
		dk_set_led_off(GNSS_BLOCKED_LED);
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_PERIODIC_WAKEUP:
		LOG_DBG("GNSS: Periodic wakeup");
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_SLEEP_AFTER_FIX:
		LOG_INF("GNSS: Sleep after fix");
		break;

	case NRF_MODEM_GNSS_EVT_SLEEP_AFTER_TIMEOUT:
		LOG_WRN("GNSS: Sleep after timeout - no fix");
		break;

	default:
		LOG_DBG("GNSS: Unknown event %d", event);
		break;
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	int err;
	
	LOG_INF("Stratus GNSS sample started");

	if (dk_leds_init() != 0) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to initialize the LEDs Library");
	}

	/* Simple GPIO test first to verify pin driving */
	err = configure_rf_front_end();
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure RF front-end: %d", err);
		return 0;
	}

	/* Test GPIO toggling to verify pin is working */
	const struct device *gpio_dev = DEVICE_DT_GET(RF_PWR_GPIO_DEV);
	LOG_INF("Testing GPIO pin toggling...");
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
		gpio_pin_set(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, 1);
		LOG_INF("Pin %d set HIGH, reading: %d", RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, gpio_pin_get(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN));
		k_sleep(K_SECONDS(2));
		
		gpio_pin_set(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, 0);
		LOG_INF("Pin %d set LOW, reading: %d", RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, gpio_pin_get(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN));
		k_sleep(K_SECONDS(2));
	}

	/* Leave pin high for modem test */
	gpio_pin_set(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, 1);
	LOG_INF("Pin %d left HIGH for modem test, reading: %d", RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN, gpio_pin_get(gpio_dev, RF_PWR_ENABLE_PIN));
	k_sleep(K_SECONDS(3));

	err = modem_configure_for_lte_gnss();
	if (err) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to configure modem for LTE + GNSS");
		return 0;
	}

	/* Wait for LTE connection to establish before starting GNSS */
	LOG_INF("LTE + GNSS mode activated, waiting for LTE connection...");
	k_sleep(K_SECONDS(10));

	/* Register the GNSS event handler */
	if (nrf_modem_gnss_event_handler_set(gnss_event_handler) != 0) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to set GNSS event handler");
		return 0;
	}

	/* Set the GNSS fix interval and GNSS fix retry period */
	if (nrf_modem_gnss_fix_interval_set(CONFIG_GNSS_PERIODIC_INTERVAL) != 0) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to set GNSS fix interval");
		return 0;
	}

	if (nrf_modem_gnss_fix_retry_set(CONFIG_GNSS_PERIODIC_TIMEOUT) != 0) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to set GNSS fix retry");
		return 0;
	}

	/* Set GNSS to highest priority mode */
	if (nrf_modem_gnss_prio_mode_enable() != 0) {
		LOG_WRN("Failed to enable GNSS priority mode, continuing anyway");
	} else {
		LOG_INF("GNSS priority mode enabled");
	}

	/* Start the GNSS receiver */
	LOG_INF("Starting GNSS");
	if (nrf_modem_gnss_start() != 0) {
		LOG_ERR("Failed to start GNSS");
		return 0;
	}

	/* Log the current system uptime */
	gnss_start_time = k_uptime_get();

	return 0;
}

And the pin diagram:

I have a feeling it might just be a software issue I'm not seeing.

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

Øyvind — Thu, 02 Oct 2025 08:52:12 GMT

Hello,

Have you gone through our AT commands documentation? A quick search in the AI search tool gives the answer

The CSQ command reports 99,99 when the signal quality is "not detectable" or "not known." This typically happens when the Radio Access Technology (RAT) is not supported (for example, if the modem is not operating in a 2G or 3G network, or if there is no signal available). For LTE and other E-UTRA networks, you should use the +CESQ or %CESQ commands instead, as CSQ is not applicable for those technologies.

What output do you get if you use the +CESQ or %CESQ commands instead?

CEREG: 0,4 - indicates Unknown (for example, out of Evolved Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) coverage). See Network registration status notification +CEREG for more information

If the issue still persists I would recommend a full hardware review including schematics and layout.

Kind regards,
Øyvind

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

mystic — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 18:00:31 GMT

Hey thanks for your input. I took your advice for the KConfig values and defaulted strictly to MAGPIO. However I'm still getting a 99,99 for the CSQ and I'm not sure why. Here's the log:

00> [00:00:00.400,024] <inf> LSM6DSO: Initialize device lsm6dso@6b
00> [00:00:00.407,684] <inf> LSM6DSO: chip id 0x6a
00> *** Booting My Application v1.0.0-704e3ba7cb7b ***
00> *** Using nRF Connect SDK v3.0.2-89ba1294ac9b ***
00> *** Using Zephyr OS v4.0.99-f791c49f492c ***
00> [00:00:00.426,513] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:00.434,661] <inf> magpio_test: MAGPIO Configuration Test
00> [00:00:00.441,467] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:00.449,615] <inf> magpio_test: Testing if MAGPIO configuration is needed
00> [00:00:00.457,855] <inf> magpio_test: for nRF9151 RF operation
00> [00:00:00.464,538] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:00.472,686] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:02.477,233] <inf> magpio_test: Initializing modem...
00> [00:00:02.739,227] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XCOEX0=1,1,1565,1586
00> [00:00:02.757,202] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XMIPIRFFEDEV=1,7,71,198,248
00> [00:00:02.775,817] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,0,1,28,248
00> [00:00:02.794,372] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,1,1,28,56,13,0,0,8,8,715,4,4,770,12,12,829,11,11,863,130,130,892,1,1,939,129,129,978,26,26,1042,8,8,1118,4,4,1270,12,12,1386,14,14,1523,130,130,2200
00> [00:00:02.825,805] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,2,1,28,184
00> [00:00:02.844,390] <dbg> modem_antenna: set_antenna_configuration: Setting configuration: AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,3,1,28,184
00> [00:00:02.864,349] <inf> magpio_test: Modem initialized
00> [00:00:02.870,391] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:03.874,969] <inf> magpio_test: Checking current MAGPIO configuration:
00> [00:00:03.889,556] <inf> magpio_test:   Current MAGPIO: %XMAGPIO: 1,0,0,1,1,1574,1577
00> OK
00> 
00> 
00> [00:00:03.898,925] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:03.903,411] <inf> magpio_test: Current COEX0 configuration:
00> [00:00:03.917,083] <inf> magpio_test:   %XCOEX0: 1,1,1565,1586
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:03.924,316] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:03.928,833] <inf> magpio_test: Current RFFE configuration:
00> [00:00:03.943,115] <inf> magpio_test:   %XMIPIRFFEDEV: 1,7,71,198,248
00> INIT: 1,0,1,28,248
00> ON: 1,1,1,28,56,13,0,0,8,8,715,4,4,770,12,12,829,11,11,863,130,130,892,1,1,939,129,129,978,26,26,1042,8,8,1118,4,4,1270,12,12,1386,14,14,1523,130,130,2200
00> OFF: 1,2,1,28,184
00> PWROFF: 1,3,1,28,184
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:03.970,855] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:03.975,341] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:03.983,489] <inf> magpio_test: Attempting MAGPIO Configuration
00> [00:00:03.990,844] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:03.998,962] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:04.003,479] <inf> magpio_test: Configuring MAGPIO (nRF9160 DK style)...
00> [00:00:04.018,218] <inf> magpio_test:   MAGPIO configured: OK
00> [00:00:04.024,810] <inf> magpio_test:   Response: OK
00> 
00> [00:00:04.030,792] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:04.035,278] <inf> magpio_test: Verifying MAGPIO configuration:
00> [00:00:04.049,224] <inf> magpio_test:   New MAGPIO: %XMAGPIO: 1,0,0,1,1,1574,1577
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:04.058,227] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:04.062,713] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:04.070,861] <inf> magpio_test: Activating Modem with MAGPIO
00> [00:00:04.077,911] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:04.086,059] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:04.090,545] <inf> magpio_test: Setting CFUN=1...
00> [00:00:04.141,723] <inf> magpio_test: Modem activated
00> [00:00:04.147,583] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:07.152,160] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:07.160,339] <inf> magpio_test: Signal Test (30 seconds)
00> [00:00:07.167,022] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:07.175,170] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:12.180,175] <inf> magpio_test: [ 5s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:12.187,652] <inf> magpio_test: [ 5s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:12.194,915] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:17.199,951] <inf> magpio_test: [10s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:17.207,427] <inf> magpio_test: [10s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:17.214,691] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:22.219,665] <inf> magpio_test: [15s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:22.227,142] <inf> magpio_test: [15s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:22.234,436] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:27.239,379] <inf> magpio_test: [20s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:27.246,856] <inf> magpio_test: [20s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:27.254,150] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:32.259,094] <inf> magpio_test: [25s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:32.266,723] <inf> magpio_test: [25s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:32.274,017] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:37.278,961] <inf> magpio_test: [30s] CSQ: +CSQ: 99,99
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:37.286,590] <inf> magpio_test: [30s] CEREG: +CEREG: 0,4
00> OK
00> 
00> [00:00:37.293,884] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:00:37.298,370] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:37.306,518] <inf> magpio_test: Network Scan Test
00> [00:00:37.312,591] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:00:37.320,739] <inf> magpio_test: Scanning for operators (may take 2 minutes)...
00> [00:00:37.329,406] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:04:32.767,517] <err> magpio_test: Network scan FAILED: 65536
00> [00:04:32.774,719] <err> magpio_test: MAGPIO configuration did not resolve the issue
00> [00:04:32.783,691] <inf> magpio_test: 
00> [00:04:32.788,177] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================
00> [00:04:32.796,325] <inf> magpio_test: Test Complete
00> [00:04:32.802,032] <inf> magpio_test: ========================================

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

Maximilian Deubel — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 14:53:35 GMT

Hi!

We are using this configuration with the Thingy:91 X successfully. The modem firmware does support RFFE and uses it actively to control the LTE and GNSS antenna circuitry. You can check the modem antenna KConfig values used for the official board:

config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_MIPIRFFEDEV
	default "AT%XMIPIRFFEDEV=1,4,71,198,248"
config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_MIPIRFFECTRL_INIT
	default "AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,0,1,28,248"
config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_MIPIRFFECTRL_ON
	default "AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,1,1,28,56,13,0,0,8,8,715,4,4,770,12,12,829,11,11,863,130,130,892,1,1,939,129,129,978,26,26,1042,8,8,1118,4,4,1270,12,12,1386,14,14,1523,130,130,2200"
config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_MIPIRFFECTRL_OFF
	default "AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,2,1,28,184"
config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_MIPIRFFECTRL_PWROFF
	default "AT%XMIPIRFFECTRL=1,3,1,28,184"
config MODEM_ANTENNA_AT_COEX0
	default "AT\%XCOEX0=1,1,1565,1586"

The "Failed to set configuration" configuration issue occurs because the AT commands in the configuration are invalid.

Don't use both MAGPIO + RFFE. Specifically AT_MIPIRFFEDEV and AT_MIPIRFFECTRL_ON are invalid.

Please take a step back and try to solve the issue without an LLM. What are you trying to accomplish? Do you have a table with frequencies and switch configurations? Is there a specific reason to change the configuration from the one for Thingy:91 X? The schematic is nearly identical.

Best regards,

Max.

RE: Multiple Issues Connecting nRF9151 to QM13345 Antenna Switch (No RFFE Support?)

Øyvind — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 12:00:51 GMT

Hello,

In the logs it states that nRF9151 modem firmware 2.0.2 does NOT support RFFE.

00> [00:00:16.180,786] <err> main_app: CRITICAL HARDWARE ISSUE DETECTED!
00> [00:00:16.188,232] <err> main_app: ====================================
00> [00:00:16.195,953] <err> main_app: QM13345 antenna switch requires RFFE 2.1 protocol
00> [00:00:16.204,833] <err> main_app: nRF9151 modem firmware 2.0.2 does NOT support RFFE
00> [00:00:16.213,806] <err> main_app: Without RFFE, the antenna switch cannot be controlled
00> [00:00:16.223,052] <err> main_app: The switch may be in an undefined/OFF state

Could you provide any information on where this information is printed from?

Did you try running your code on e.g. Thingy:91X or nRF9151DK?

Will need to forward your questions to our HW experts.

Kind regards,
Øyvind