undefined reference twi error

Question

Hi, 
 
 I hope you can help me. I get an error while compiling. I merge "twi sensor" example from sdk to the "ble app uart" example from sdk. So I customize the sdk_config to enable twi. In addition to that, I add all missing nRF_Drivers to make it work. While compiling, I get the following output: 
 
 1> "C:/Program Files/SEGGER/SEGGER Embedded Studio for ARM 4.50/gcc/arm-none-eabi/bin/as" --traditional-format -I../../../config -I../../../../../../components -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_advertising -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_dtm -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_link_ctx_manager -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_racp -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_ancs_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_ans_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_bas -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_bas_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_cscs -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_cts_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_dfu -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_dis -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_gls -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_hids -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_hrs -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_hrs_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_hts -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_ias -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_ias_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_lbs -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_lbs_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_lls -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_nus -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_nus_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_rscs -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_rscs_c -I../../../../../../components/ble/ble_services/ble_tps -I../../../../../../components/ble/common -I../../../../../../components/ble/nrf_ble_gatt -I../../../../../../components/ble/nrf_ble_qwr -I../../../../../../components/ble/peer_manager -I../../../../../../components/boards -I../../../../../../components/libraries/atomic -I../../../../../../components/libraries/atomic_fifo -I../../../../../../components/libraries/atomic_flags -I../../../../../../components/libraries/balloc -I../../../../../../components/libraries/bootloader/ble_dfu -I../../../../../../components/libraries/bsp -I../../../../../../components/libraries/button -I../../../../../../components/libraries/cli -I../../../../../../components/libraries/crc16 -I../../../../../../components/libraries/crc32 -I../../../../../../components/libraries/crypto -I../../../../../../components/libraries/csense -I../../../../../../components/libraries/csense_drv -I../../../../../../components/libraries/delay -I../../../../../../components/libraries/ecc -I../../../../../../components/libraries/experimental_section_vars -I../../../../../../components/libraries/experimental_task_manager -I../../../../../../components/libraries/fds -I../../../../../../components/libraries/fifo -I../../../../../../components/libraries/fstorage -I../../../../../../components/libraries/gfx -I../../../../../../components/libraries/gpiote -I../../../../../../components/libraries/hardfault -I../../../../../../components/libraries/hci -I../../../../../../components/libraries/led_softblink -I../../../../../../components/libraries/log -I../../../../../../components/libraries/log/src -I../../../../../../components/libraries/low_power_pwm -I../../../../../../components/libraries/mem_manager -I../../../../../../components/libraries/memobj -I../../../../../../components/libraries/mpu -I../../../../../../components/libraries/mutex -I../../../../../../components/libraries/pwm -I../../../../../../components/libraries/pwr_mgmt -I../../../../../../components/libraries/queue -I../../../../../../components/libraries/ringbuf -I../../../../../../components/libraries/scheduler -I../../../../../../components/libraries/sdcard -I../../../../../../components/libraries/slip -I../../../../../../components/libraries/sortlist -I../../../../../../components/libraries/spi_mngr -I../../../../../../components/libraries/stack_guard -I../../../../../../components/libraries/strerror -I../../../../../../components/libraries/svc -I../../../../../../components/libraries/timer -I../../../../../../components/libraries/twi_mngr -I../../../../../../components/libraries/twi_sensor -I../../../../../../components/libraries/uart -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/audio -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/cdc -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/cdc/acm -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/hid -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/hid/generic -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/hid/kbd -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/hid/mouse -I../../../../../../components/libraries/usbd/class/msc -I../../../../../../components/libraries/util -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/conn_hand_parser -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/conn_hand_parser/ac_rec_parser -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/conn_hand_parser/ble_oob_advdata_parser -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/conn_hand_parser/le_oob_rec_parser -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/ac_rec -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/ble_oob_advdata -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/ble_pair_lib -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/ble_pair_msg -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/common -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/ep_oob_rec -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/hs_rec -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/connection_handover/le_oob_rec -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/generic/message -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/generic/record -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/launchapp -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/parser/message -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/parser/record -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/text -I../../../../../../components/nfc/ndef/uri -I../../../../../../components/nfc/platform -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t2t_lib -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t2t_parser -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t4t_lib -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t4t_parser/apdu -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t4t_parser/cc_file -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t4t_parser/hl_detection_procedure -I../../../../../../components/nfc/t4t_parser/tlv -I../../../../../../components/softdevice/common -I../../../../../../components/softdevice/s140/headers -I../../../../../../components/softdevice/s140/headers/nrf52 -I../../../../../../components/toolchain/cmsis/include -I../../../../../../external/fprintf -I../../../../../../external/segger_rtt -I../../../../../../external/utf_converter -I../../../../../../integration/nrfx -I../../../../../../integration/nrfx/legacy -I../../../../../../modules/nrfx -I../../../../../../modules/nrfx/drivers/include -I../../../../../../modules/nrfx/hal -I../../../../../../modules/nrfx/mdk -I../config -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mlittle-endian -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mthumb "C:/Users/hp/Desktop/Firmware Entwicklung/nRF5SDK160098a08e2.zip/examples/ble_peripheral/ble_app_uart/pca10100/s140/ses/Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.asm" -o "Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.o"
1> rm "C:/Users/hp/Desktop/Firmware Entwicklung/nRF5SDK160098a08e2.zip/examples/ble_peripheral/ble_app_uart/pca10100/s140/ses/Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.asm"
1> Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.o (28.06.2020 20:58:16) is newer than Output/Debug/Exe/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.elf (28.06.2020 20:57:32).
1> Linking ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.elf
1> "C:/Program Files/SEGGER/SEGGER Embedded Studio for ARM 4.50/gcc/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld" -X --omagic -eReset_Handler --defsym=__vfprintf=__vfprintf_long --defsym=__vfscanf=__vfscanf_long -EL --gc-sections "-TC:/Users/hp/Desktop/Firmware Entwicklung/nRF5SDK160098a08e2.zip/examples/ble_peripheral/ble_app_uart/pca10100/s140/ses/Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.ld" -Map Output/Debug/Exe/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.map -u_vectors -o Output/Debug/Exe/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.elf --emit-relocs --start-group "@C:/Users/hp/Desktop/Firmware Entwicklung/nRF5SDK160098a08e2.zip/examples/ble_peripheral/ble_app_uart/pca10100/s140/ses/Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140.ind" --end-group
1> C:/Program Files/SEGGER/SEGGER Embedded Studio for ARM 4.50/gcc/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/nrf_drv_twi.o: in function `nrf_drv_twi_init':
1> C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Firmware Entwicklung
RF5SDK160098a08e2.zip\integration
rfx\legacy/nrf_drv_twi.c:186: undefined reference to `nrfx_twi_init'
1> C:/Program Files/SEGGER/SEGGER Embedded Studio for ARM 4.50/gcc/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.o: in function `nrf_drv_twi_enable':
1> C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Firmware Entwicklung
RF5SDK160098a08e2.zip\examples\ble_peripheral\ble_app_uart\pca10100\s140\ses/../../../../../../integration/nrfx/legacy/nrf_drv_twi.h:513: undefined reference to `nrfx_twim_enable'
1> C:/Program Files/SEGGER/SEGGER Embedded Studio for ARM 4.50/gcc/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: Output/ble_app_uart_pca10100_s140 Debug/Obj/main.o: in function `nrf_drv_twi_tx':
1> C:\Users\hp\Desktop\Firmware Entwicklung
RF5SDK160098a08e2.zip\examples\ble_peripheral\ble_app_uart\pca10100\s140\ses/../../../../../../integration/nrfx/legacy/nrf_drv_twi.h:544: undefined reference to `nrfx_twim_tx'
Build failed 
 But I don´t know what I´m making wrong. 
 
 Could you help me with that? 
 
 Thanks in advance

Karl Ylvisaker · Accepted Answer

Hello Simon, I see that I have made the example for the nRF52840 DK, instead of the nRF52833 DK - my apologies. The configuration will be the same in the PCA10100 project though, so you may just have a look at how it is done in the PCA10056 project and then make the same changes to the PCA10100 project. Best regards, Karl

Karl Ylvisaker · Answer

Hello Simon, 
 simon1516 said: The last days I optimized the application (finding the best timing/timer parameters, making the code better to read, delete all "nrf_delay" functions from code, ...) and I think we have a good running solution now. 
 I am happy to hear that you now have a good solution running! :) 
 simon1516 said: I exactly done it like this. So, now the TWIM prodecure starts with BLE event connected and stops with BLE event disconnected. Thats fine. 
 This is a good way of handling it, very well. 
 simon1516 said: I have another question and hope you can help me with that, too. 
 If you have more questions that diverge from your original ticket, I would ask that you create a separate ticket for that. If you would like for me to help you specifically - for example if the question is somehow related to a previous ticket, or requires insight into a project that I already know - then you may tag me in the new ticket, or ask for me to handle it specifically. I can not guarantee that I will be assigned to it, but it will be a lot more probable. The reason why I ask you to create a new ticket for new questions is to keep the forum tidy, and easy to navigate for other users. With that said, I will finish answering the questions you asked in your previous comment: 
 simon1516 said: First I would like make sure, that this is possible without any external hardware. VDDH is divided by 5 by default, so I think there is a voltage divider already there (it is called as " VDDHDIV5 ", https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.3.pdf p. 359). Could you confirm this? 
 Yes, I can confirm that the SAADC may measure the VDDH pin without external hardware. The voltage is here divided by 5, since the potential input to the VDDH might exceed the nRF52833's absolute maximum electrical ratings. You can read more about this in the nRF52833 SAADC documentation . 
 simon1516 said: For ADC input channel i used VDD and VDDH for testing the result. In case of VDD (1,8V), I get an output of about decimal 500. In case of VDDH (battery, 4,05V in this test) I get an output of about decimal 1150. This makes sense, because 4,05/1150 is approximately the same like 1,8/500. So I´m measuring good values :-) 
 I can not say anything about these values you are seeing, since I do not know how you have configured you channels, etc. 
 simon1516 said: My question here: In example I just can see, that default setting for SAADC are used (for nrf_drv_saadc_init). How can I see the values for resolution, oversample and so on?) 
 These default values are defined in the sdk_config file. You may jump to these values quickly in Segger Embeded Studios by right clicking them, and selecting "go to definition" at the top, this will take you directly to their definition in the sdk_config. Please note that channel configuration matters just as much as SAADC configuration, and you will have to have an acquisition time of >= 10 ms for the VDDH channel, as per the SAADC documentation. 
 simon1516 said: In case of battery voltage is less than 2,5V (adjustable), than the battery should not be used furthermore because of security reasons. 
 Do you here mean safety reasons? Dead Li-Po cells is a safety hazard, if they are allowed to deeply discharge. I suspect that this is what you meant, but I emphasize this regardless, due to its importance. 
 simon1516 said: In case of the battery is charged enough, the application should be working again. The chip should be waking up automatically, allthough the chip isn´t powered to this time. Is this possible? 
 The SAADC will give you good ballpark estimates of the remaining battery, but it is not pinpoint accurate. If you require high accuracy readings of the state of charge / health of the battery, I would suggest looking into adding a Low Power fuel gauge IC to your project. That being said, the SAADC gives good enough readings for most use-cases of battery readings ( but this also depends on what else your device will be doing at the time ). Without external circuitry there is not way for the chip to wake up automatically when it is above a certain charge level - if it is to do these measurements itself, it will also have to wake up to discover that it has gone below its limits. So, in short; No, if the nRF is doing its own battery voltage readings - and is using those readings to determine if it has within the operating levels - it is no way for it to avoid waking up to check the level when it is outside those limits. You may however set this limit higher than its absolute limit, so that you may know when you are approaching it, and act accordingly. I recommend reading this ticket , for more information about noise during SAADC measuring. Best regards, Karl

undefined reference twi error

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