Setting a watchpoint dynamically

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Mon, 11 Jan 2021 12:47:58 GMT

I did a test as you recommended, with flashing a LED on a regular basis.

And at some point the program writes to the address watched out by DWT (like *(uint32_t*)STACK_LIMIT in your example).

So, I launched the RTTlogger only after seeing the LED flash stopping, and it worked as expected, I got the log trace done by DebugMon_Handler.

What is more interesting : I exited the RTTlogger, and then connected gdb, and it also worked, I could see the stack frame with DebugMon_Handler on the top of it.

So, OK, good to know that with the RTTlogger, your method works fine provided that some caution is taken not to connect the Jlink before the break occurs.

So one needs some other signal (like a LED or some GPO to a scope) that lets you know that you are still running and the break is not yet reached.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Mon, 11 Jan 2021 10:08:18 GMT

I think the problem is that the JLinkRTTLogger makes the J-link connect to the 52840 and override/reset the DWT registers settings set by your FW. Can you try to connect the JlinkRTTViewer/client after the interrupt has been triggered?

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Fri, 08 Jan 2021 11:14:01 GMT

Hello Vidar Berg,

Thank you for providing this code. I modified it too, in order to have some compile flags at the top of the main.c file and experiment a few variants as explained below.

Here is the modified ble_app_hrs_freertos main.c file:

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2020, Nordic Semiconductor ASA
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
 *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form, except as embedded into a Nordic
 *    Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit in a product or a software update for
 *    such product, must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 *    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 *    materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * 3. Neither the name of Nordic Semiconductor ASA nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *    software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * 4. This software, with or without modification, must only be used with a
 *    Nordic Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit.
 *
 * 5. Any software provided in binary form under this license must not be reverse
 *    engineered, decompiled, modified and/or disassembled.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */
// Board/nrf6310/ble/ble_app_hrs_rtx/main.c
/**
 *
 * @brief Heart Rate Service Sample Application with RTX main file.
 *
 * This file contains the source code for a sample application using RTX and the
 * Heart Rate service (and also Battery and Device Information services).
 * This application uses the @ref srvlib_conn_params module.
 */

#define DWT_GUARD_ENABLED 0
#define NRF_LOG_BACKEND_RTT_ENABLED  0
#define NRF_LOG_BACKEND_UART_ENABLED (!NRF_LOG_BACKEND_RTT_ENABLED)

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "nordic_common.h"
#include "nrf.h"
#include "app_error.h"
#include "ble.h"
#include "ble_hci.h"
#include "ble_srv_common.h"
#include "ble_advdata.h"
#include "ble_advertising.h"
#include "ble_bas.h"
#include "ble_hrs.h"
#include "ble_dis.h"
#include "ble_conn_params.h"
#include "sensorsim.h"
#include "nrf_sdh.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_soc.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_freertos.h"
#include "app_timer.h"
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"
#include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
#include "FreeRTOS.h"
#include "task.h"
#include "timers.h"
#include "semphr.h"
#include "fds.h"
#include "ble_conn_state.h"
#include "nrf_drv_clock.h"
#include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
#include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"

#include "nrf_log.h"
#include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
#include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"


#define DEVICE_NAME                         "Nordic_HRM"                            /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */
#define MANUFACTURER_NAME                   "NordicSemiconductor"                   /**< Manufacturer. Will be passed to Device Information Service. */

#define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO               3                                       /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG                1                                       /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */

#define APP_ADV_INTERVAL                    300                                     /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corresponds to 187.5 ms). */
#define APP_ADV_DURATION                    18000                                       /**< The advertising duration (180 seconds) in units of 10 milliseconds. */

#define BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL         2000                                    /**< Battery level measurement interval (ms). */
#define MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL                   81                                      /**< Minimum simulated battery level. */
#define MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL                   100                                     /**< Maximum simulated battery level. */
#define BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT             1                                       /**< Increment between each simulated battery level measurement. */

#define HEART_RATE_MEAS_INTERVAL            1000                                    /**< Heart rate measurement interval (ms). */
#define MIN_HEART_RATE                      140                                     /**< Minimum heart rate as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define MAX_HEART_RATE                      300                                     /**< Maximum heart rate as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define HEART_RATE_INCREMENT                10                                      /**< Value by which the heart rate is incremented/decremented for each call to the simulated measurement function. */

#define RR_INTERVAL_INTERVAL                300                                     /**< RR interval interval (ms). */
#define MIN_RR_INTERVAL                     100                                     /**< Minimum RR interval as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define MAX_RR_INTERVAL                     500                                     /**< Maximum RR interval as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define RR_INTERVAL_INCREMENT               1                                       /**< Value by which the RR interval is incremented/decremented for each call to the simulated measurement function. */

#define SENSOR_CONTACT_DETECTED_INTERVAL    5000                                    /**< Sensor Contact Detected toggle interval (ms). */

#define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(400, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Minimum acceptable connection interval (0.4 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(650, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Maximum acceptable connection interval (0.65 second). */
#define SLAVE_LATENCY                       0                                       /**< Slave latency. */
#define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT                    MSEC_TO_UNITS(4000, UNIT_10_MS)         /**< Connection supervisory time-out (4 seconds). */

#define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY      5000                                    /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
#define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY       30000                                   /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT        3                                       /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */

#define SEC_PARAM_BOND                      1                                       /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM                      0                                       /**< Man In The Middle protection not required. */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC                      0                                       /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS                  0                                       /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES           BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_NONE                    /**< No I/O capabilities. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB                       0                                       /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE              7                                       /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE              16                                      /**< Maximum encryption key size. */

#define DEAD_BEEF                           0xDEADBEEF                              /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */

#define OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE              2                                       /**< Number of ticks to wait for the timer queue to be ready */


BLE_BAS_DEF(m_bas);                                                 /**< Battery service instance. */
BLE_HRS_DEF(m_hrs);                                                 /**< Heart rate service instance. */
NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt);                                           /**< GATT module instance. */
NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr);                                             /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/
BLE_ADVERTISING_DEF(m_advertising);                                 /**< Advertising module instance. */

static uint16_t m_conn_handle         = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;    /**< Handle of the current connection. */
static bool     m_rr_interval_enabled = true;                       /**< Flag for enabling and disabling the registration of new RR interval measurements (the purpose of disabling this is just to test sending HRM without RR interval data. */

static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_battery_sim_cfg;                         /**< Battery Level sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_battery_sim_state;                       /**< Battery Level sensor simulator state. */
static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_heart_rate_sim_cfg;                      /**< Heart Rate sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_heart_rate_sim_state;                    /**< Heart Rate sensor simulator state. */
static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_rr_interval_sim_cfg;                     /**< RR Interval sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_rr_interval_sim_state;                   /**< RR Interval sensor simulator state. */

static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[] =                                   /**< Universally unique service identifiers. */
{
    {BLE_UUID_HEART_RATE_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE},
    {BLE_UUID_BATTERY_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE},
    {BLE_UUID_DEVICE_INFORMATION_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE}
};

static TimerHandle_t m_battery_timer;                               /**< Definition of battery timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_heart_rate_timer;                            /**< Definition of heart rate timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_rr_interval_timer;                           /**< Definition of RR interval timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_sensor_contact_timer;                        /**< Definition of sensor contact detected timer. */

#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
static TaskHandle_t m_logger_thread;                                /**< Definition of Logger thread. */
#endif

#define STACK_LIMIT 0x2003e000

#if DWT_GUARD_ENABLED
void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Debug Monitor interrupt triggered");
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Current SP 0x%x", __get_MSP());
    NRF_LOG_FINAL_FLUSH();
}
#endif

#if DWT_GUARD_ENABLED
static void dwt_stack_guard_init()
{
    uint32_t num;

    CoreDebug->DEMCR |= CoreDebug_DEMCR_TRCENA_Msk | CoreDebug_DEMCR_MON_EN_Msk;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x%x", CoreDebug->DEMCR);

    num = (DWT->CTRL & DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Msk) >> DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Pos;
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Number of DWT comparators: %d", num);

    NVIC_SetPriority(DebugMonitor_IRQn, 6);

    DWT->COMP0 = STACK_LIMIT;
    DWT->MASK0 = 4;
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = (7 << DWT_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_Pos);

    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->COMP0 : 0x%x", DWT->COMP0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->MASK0 : 0x%x", DWT->MASK0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->FUNCTION0 : 0x%x", DWT->FUNCTION0);

}
#endif

static void advertising_start(void * p_erase_bonds);


/**@brief Callback function for asserts in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyze
 *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
 * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
 *
 * @param[in]   line_num   Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
 * @param[in]   file_name  File name of the failing ASSERT call.
 */
void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
{
    app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    bool delete_bonds = false;

    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            advertising_start(&delete_bonds);
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for performing battery measurement and updating the Battery Level characteristic
 *        in Battery Service.
 */
static void battery_level_update(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    uint8_t  battery_level;

    battery_level = (uint8_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);

    err_code = ble_bas_battery_level_update(&m_bas, battery_level, BLE_CONN_HANDLE_ALL);
    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Battery measurement timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the battery level measurement timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void battery_level_meas_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);
    battery_level_update();
#if DWT_GUARD_ENABLED
    *(uint32_t *) STACK_LIMIT = 1;
#endif
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Heart rate measurement timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the heart rate measurement timer expires.
 *          It will exclude RR Interval data from every third measurement.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    static uint32_t cnt = 0;
    ret_code_t      err_code;
    uint16_t        heart_rate;

    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    heart_rate = (uint16_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_heart_rate_sim_state, &m_heart_rate_sim_cfg);

    cnt++;
    err_code = ble_hrs_heart_rate_measurement_send(&m_hrs, heart_rate);
    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }

    // Disable RR Interval recording every third heart rate measurement.
    // NOTE: An application will normally not do this. It is done here just for testing generation
    // of messages without RR Interval measurements.
    m_rr_interval_enabled = ((cnt % 3) != 0);
}


/**@brief Function for handling the RR interval timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the RR interval timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void rr_interval_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    if (m_rr_interval_enabled)
    {
        uint16_t rr_interval;

        rr_interval = (uint16_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_rr_interval_sim_state,
                                                  &m_rr_interval_sim_cfg);
        ble_hrs_rr_interval_add(&m_hrs, rr_interval);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Sensor Contact Detected timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the Sensor Contact Detected timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void sensor_contact_detected_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    static bool sensor_contact_detected = false;

    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    sensor_contact_detected = !sensor_contact_detected;
    ble_hrs_sensor_contact_detected_update(&m_hrs, sensor_contact_detected);
}


/**@brief Function for the Timer initialization.
 *
 * @details Initializes the timer module. This creates and starts application timers.
 */
static void timers_init(void)
{
    // Initialize timer module.
    ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Create timers.
    m_battery_timer = xTimerCreate("BATT",
                                   BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL,
                                   pdTRUE,
                                   NULL,
                                   battery_level_meas_timeout_handler);
    m_heart_rate_timer = xTimerCreate("HRT",
                                      HEART_RATE_MEAS_INTERVAL,
                                      pdTRUE,
                                      NULL,
                                      heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler);
    m_rr_interval_timer = xTimerCreate("RRT",
                                       RR_INTERVAL_INTERVAL,
                                       pdTRUE,
                                       NULL,
                                       rr_interval_timeout_handler);
    m_sensor_contact_timer = xTimerCreate("SCT",
                                          SENSOR_CONTACT_DETECTED_INTERVAL,
                                          pdTRUE,
                                          NULL,
                                          sensor_contact_detected_timeout_handler);

    /* Error checking */
    if ( (NULL == m_battery_timer)
         || (NULL == m_heart_rate_timer)
         || (NULL == m_rr_interval_timer)
         || (NULL == m_sensor_contact_timer) )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
    ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
    ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;

    BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                          (const uint8_t *)DEVICE_NAME,
                                          strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_HEART_RATE_SENSOR_HEART_RATE_BELT);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));

    gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
    gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the GATT module. */
static void gatt_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
 *
 * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
 *          application about an error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
 *
 * @details Initialize the Heart Rate, Battery and Device Information services.
 */
static void services_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t         err_code;
    ble_hrs_init_t     hrs_init;
    ble_bas_init_t     bas_init;
    ble_dis_init_t     dis_init;
    nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init = {0};
    uint8_t            body_sensor_location;

    // Initialize Queued Write Module.
    qwr_init.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;

    err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Heart Rate Service.
    body_sensor_location = BLE_HRS_BODY_SENSOR_LOCATION_FINGER;

    memset(&hrs_init, 0, sizeof(hrs_init));

    hrs_init.evt_handler                 = NULL;
    hrs_init.is_sensor_contact_supported = true;
    hrs_init.p_body_sensor_location      = &body_sensor_location;

    // Here the sec level for the Heart Rate Service can be changed/increased.
    hrs_init.hrm_cccd_wr_sec = SEC_OPEN;
    hrs_init.bsl_rd_sec      = SEC_OPEN;

    err_code = ble_hrs_init(&m_hrs, &hrs_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Battery Service.
    memset(&bas_init, 0, sizeof(bas_init));

    // Here the sec level for the Battery Service can be changed/increased.
    bas_init.bl_rd_sec        = SEC_OPEN;
    bas_init.bl_cccd_wr_sec   = SEC_OPEN;
    bas_init.bl_report_rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;

    bas_init.evt_handler          = NULL;
    bas_init.support_notification = true;
    bas_init.p_report_ref         = NULL;
    bas_init.initial_batt_level   = 100;

    err_code = ble_bas_init(&m_bas, &bas_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Device Information Service.
    memset(&dis_init, 0, sizeof(dis_init));

    ble_srv_ascii_to_utf8(&dis_init.manufact_name_str, (char *)MANUFACTURER_NAME);

    dis_init.dis_char_rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;

    err_code = ble_dis_init(&dis_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the sensor simulators. */
static void sensor_simulator_init(void)
{
    m_battery_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.incr         = BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.start_at_max = true;

    sensorsim_init(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);

    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_HEART_RATE;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_HEART_RATE;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.incr         = HEART_RATE_INCREMENT;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.start_at_max = false;

    sensorsim_init(&m_heart_rate_sim_state, &m_heart_rate_sim_cfg);

    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_RR_INTERVAL;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_RR_INTERVAL;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.incr         = RR_INTERVAL_INCREMENT;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.start_at_max = false;

    sensorsim_init(&m_rr_interval_sim_state, &m_rr_interval_sim_cfg);
}


/**@brief   Function for starting application timers.
 * @details Timers are run after the scheduler has started.
 */
static void application_timers_start(void)
{
    // Start application timers.
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_battery_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_heart_rate_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_rr_interval_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_sensor_contact_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Connection Parameters Module.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for all events in the Connection Parameters Module which
 *          are passed to the application.
 *          @note All this function does is to disconnect. This could have been done by simply
 *                setting the disconnect_on_fail config parameter, but instead we use the event
 *                handler mechanism to demonstrate its use.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_evt   Event received from the Connection Parameters Module.
 */
static void on_conn_params_evt(ble_conn_params_evt_t * p_evt)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    if (p_evt->evt_type == BLE_CONN_PARAMS_EVT_FAILED)
    {
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling a Connection Parameters error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module. */
static void conn_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;

    memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));

    cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
    cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
    cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = m_hrs.hrm_handles.cccd_handle;
    cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = false;
    cp_init.evt_handler                    = on_conn_params_evt;
    cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;

    err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for putting the chip into sleep mode.
 *
 * @note This function will not return.
 */
static void sleep_mode_enter(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_IDLE);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Prepare wakeup buttons.
    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_sleep_mode_prepare();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Go to system-off mode (this function will not return; wakeup will cause a reset).
    err_code = sd_power_system_off();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for advertising events which are passed to the application.
 *
 * @param[in] ble_adv_evt  Advertising event.
 */
static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
{
    uint32_t err_code;

    switch (ble_adv_evt)
    {
        case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Fast advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_IDLE:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    uint32_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST:
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack.
 *
 * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
 */
static void ble_stack_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
    // Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
    uint32_t ram_start = 0;
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Enable BLE stack.
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Register a handler for BLE events.
    NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
}


/**@brief Function for handling events from the BSP module.
 *
 * @param[in]   event   Event generated by button press.
 */
static void bsp_event_handler(bsp_event_t event)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (event)
    {
        case BSP_EVENT_SLEEP:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_WHITELIST_OFF:
            if (m_conn_handle == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
            {
                err_code = ble_advertising_restart_without_whitelist(&m_advertising);
                if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
                {
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization. */
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;
    ret_code_t           err_code;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    // Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage. */
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds!");

    err_code = pm_peers_delete();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality. */
static void advertising_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_advertising_init_t init;

    memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));

    init.advdata.name_type               = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
    init.advdata.include_appearance      = true;
    init.advdata.flags                   = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = m_adv_uuids;

    init.config.ble_adv_fast_enabled  = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_timeout  = APP_ADV_DURATION;

    init.evt_handler = on_adv_evt;

    err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the nrf log module.
 */
static void log_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
}


/**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
 *
 * @param[out] p_erase_bonds  Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to wake the application up.
 */
static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    bsp_event_t startup_event;

    err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS, bsp_event_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    *p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
}


/**@brief Function for starting advertising. */
static void advertising_start(void * p_erase_bonds)
{
    bool erase_bonds = *(bool*)p_erase_bonds;

    if (erase_bonds)
    {
        delete_bonds();
        // Advertising is started by PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED event.
    }
    else
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = ble_advertising_start(&m_advertising, BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}


#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
/**@brief Thread for handling the logger.
 *
 * @details This thread is responsible for processing log entries if logs are deferred.
 *          Thread flushes all log entries and suspends. It is resumed by idle task hook.
 *
 * @param[in]   arg   Pointer used for passing some arbitrary information (context) from the
 *                    osThreadCreate() call to the thread.
 */
static void logger_thread(void * arg)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(arg);

    while (1)
    {
        NRF_LOG_FLUSH();

        vTaskSuspend(NULL); // Suspend myself
    }
}
#endif //NRF_LOG_ENABLED

/**@brief A function which is hooked to idle task.
 * @note Idle hook must be enabled in FreeRTOS configuration (configUSE_IDLE_HOOK).
 */
void vApplicationIdleHook( void )
{
#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
     vTaskResume(m_logger_thread);
#endif
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the clock.
 */
static void clock_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_drv_clock_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for application main entry.
 */
int main(void)
{
    bool erase_bonds;

    // Initialize modules.
    log_init();
    clock_init();

#if DWT_GUARD_ENABLED
    dwt_stack_guard_init();
#endif


    // Do not start any interrupt that uses system functions before system initialisation.
    // The best solution is to start the OS before any other initalisation.

#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
    // Start execution.
    if (pdPASS != xTaskCreate(logger_thread, "LOGGER", 256, NULL, 1, &m_logger_thread))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
#endif

    // Activate deep sleep mode.
    SCB->SCR |= SCB_SCR_SLEEPDEEP_Msk;

    // Configure and initialize the BLE stack.
    ble_stack_init();

    // Initialize modules.
    timers_init();
    buttons_leds_init(&erase_bonds);
    gap_params_init();
    gatt_init();
    advertising_init();
    services_init();
    sensor_simulator_init();
    conn_params_init();
    peer_manager_init();
    application_timers_start();

    // Create a FreeRTOS task for the BLE stack.
    // The task will run advertising_start() before entering its loop.
    nrf_sdh_freertos_init(advertising_start, &erase_bonds);

    NRF_LOG_INFO("HRS FreeRTOS example started.");
    // Start FreeRTOS scheduler.
    vTaskStartScheduler();

    for (;;)
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_FORBIDDEN);
    }
}

With this flag settings, this is the same compiled code as the original main.c file. I am using the ARM GCC compile chain and a PCA10056 DevKit, so I compile/flash it this way:

cd pca10056/s140/armgcc
make flash_softdevice flash

And here is what I get in a terminal looking at the USB port:

.<info> app: HRS FreeRTOS example started.

<info> app: Fast advertising.

So everything is wonderful like in the original example. Now let us set the first rows like this:

#define DWT_GUARD_ENABLED 1
#define NRF_LOG_BACKEND_RTT_ENABLED  0

This is the same as your example, and I get this in a terminal:

.<info> app: CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x1010000

<info> app: Number of DWT comparators: 4

<info> app: DWT->COMP0 : 0x2003E000

<info> app: DWT->MASK0 : 0x4

<info> app: DWT->FUNCTION0 : 0x7

<info> app: HRS FreeRTOS example started.

<info> app: Fast advertising.

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

<info> app: Debug Monitor interrupt triggered

<info> app: Current SP 0x2003FFD8

One comment: to get it working a soft reset through SWD (like nrfjprog --reset) is not sufficient, a HW reset is needed !

Now, I change again the two first lines of the main.c like this:

#define DWT_GUARD_ENABLED 0
#define NRF_LOG_BACKEND_RTT_ENABLED  1

which means that I fallback to the original example, but with RTT log backend rather than UART. I compile and try it like this:

make flash && JLinkRTTLogger -Device nrf52840_XXAA -If SWD -Speed 4000 -RTTCHannel 0 /dev/stdout

It compiles without error, but there is not output. Frankly speaking this is the first time I am trying to use the PCA10056 with RTT logging. Does it mean that the PCA10056 does not contain a full Jlink implementation, but only some reduced set that allows flashing, but not RTT logging ?

FYI, the reason why I am trying to set a dynamic watchpoint is to find out some bug on our product custom board. On this board we use only the RTT logging. So w/o RTT logging I won't be able to use your suggestion.

Our using the UART backend is in principle possible, but that would require instrumenting our product board, and developing a new adaptation board for the JLink, so this is not a preferred way at this moment.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Thu, 07 Jan 2021 10:00:02 GMT

Sorry, I forgot that you can only use the NVIC_EnableIRQ()/NVIC_SetPendingIRQ() CMSIS function for nRF specific interrupts (non-negative IRQ numbers), so that wasn't a good test.

Can you try to use my code to see if the interrupt gets triggered then? I just tested it with the ble_app_hrs_freertos example in SDK 17.0.2:

Modified main.c

/**
 * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2020, Nordic Semiconductor ASA
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
 *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form, except as embedded into a Nordic
 *    Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit in a product or a software update for
 *    such product, must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 *    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 *    materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * 3. Neither the name of Nordic Semiconductor ASA nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *    software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * 4. This software, with or without modification, must only be used with a
 *    Nordic Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit.
 *
 * 5. Any software provided in binary form under this license must not be reverse
 *    engineered, decompiled, modified and/or disassembled.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS
 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */
// Board/nrf6310/ble/ble_app_hrs_rtx/main.c
/**
 *
 * @brief Heart Rate Service Sample Application with RTX main file.
 *
 * This file contains the source code for a sample application using RTX and the
 * Heart Rate service (and also Battery and Device Information services).
 * This application uses the @ref srvlib_conn_params module.
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "nordic_common.h"
#include "nrf.h"
#include "app_error.h"
#include "ble.h"
#include "ble_hci.h"
#include "ble_srv_common.h"
#include "ble_advdata.h"
#include "ble_advertising.h"
#include "ble_bas.h"
#include "ble_hrs.h"
#include "ble_dis.h"
#include "ble_conn_params.h"
#include "sensorsim.h"
#include "nrf_sdh.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_soc.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_freertos.h"
#include "app_timer.h"
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"
#include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
#include "FreeRTOS.h"
#include "task.h"
#include "timers.h"
#include "semphr.h"
#include "fds.h"
#include "ble_conn_state.h"
#include "nrf_drv_clock.h"
#include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
#include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"

#include "nrf_log.h"
#include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
#include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"


#define DEVICE_NAME                         "Nordic_HRM"                            /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */
#define MANUFACTURER_NAME                   "NordicSemiconductor"                   /**< Manufacturer. Will be passed to Device Information Service. */

#define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO               3                                       /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG                1                                       /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */

#define APP_ADV_INTERVAL                    300                                     /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corresponds to 187.5 ms). */
#define APP_ADV_DURATION                    18000                                       /**< The advertising duration (180 seconds) in units of 10 milliseconds. */

#define BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL         2000                                    /**< Battery level measurement interval (ms). */
#define MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL                   81                                      /**< Minimum simulated battery level. */
#define MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL                   100                                     /**< Maximum simulated battery level. */
#define BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT             1                                       /**< Increment between each simulated battery level measurement. */

#define HEART_RATE_MEAS_INTERVAL            1000                                    /**< Heart rate measurement interval (ms). */
#define MIN_HEART_RATE                      140                                     /**< Minimum heart rate as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define MAX_HEART_RATE                      300                                     /**< Maximum heart rate as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define HEART_RATE_INCREMENT                10                                      /**< Value by which the heart rate is incremented/decremented for each call to the simulated measurement function. */

#define RR_INTERVAL_INTERVAL                300                                     /**< RR interval interval (ms). */
#define MIN_RR_INTERVAL                     100                                     /**< Minimum RR interval as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define MAX_RR_INTERVAL                     500                                     /**< Maximum RR interval as returned by the simulated measurement function. */
#define RR_INTERVAL_INCREMENT               1                                       /**< Value by which the RR interval is incremented/decremented for each call to the simulated measurement function. */

#define SENSOR_CONTACT_DETECTED_INTERVAL    5000                                    /**< Sensor Contact Detected toggle interval (ms). */

#define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(400, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Minimum acceptable connection interval (0.4 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(650, UNIT_1_25_MS)        /**< Maximum acceptable connection interval (0.65 second). */
#define SLAVE_LATENCY                       0                                       /**< Slave latency. */
#define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT                    MSEC_TO_UNITS(4000, UNIT_10_MS)         /**< Connection supervisory time-out (4 seconds). */

#define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY      5000                                    /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
#define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY       30000                                   /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT        3                                       /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */

#define SEC_PARAM_BOND                      1                                       /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM                      0                                       /**< Man In The Middle protection not required. */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC                      0                                       /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS                  0                                       /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES           BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_NONE                    /**< No I/O capabilities. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB                       0                                       /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE              7                                       /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE              16                                      /**< Maximum encryption key size. */

#define DEAD_BEEF                           0xDEADBEEF                              /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */

#define OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE              2                                       /**< Number of ticks to wait for the timer queue to be ready */


BLE_BAS_DEF(m_bas);                                                 /**< Battery service instance. */
BLE_HRS_DEF(m_hrs);                                                 /**< Heart rate service instance. */
NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt);                                           /**< GATT module instance. */
NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr);                                             /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/
BLE_ADVERTISING_DEF(m_advertising);                                 /**< Advertising module instance. */

static uint16_t m_conn_handle         = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;    /**< Handle of the current connection. */
static bool     m_rr_interval_enabled = true;                       /**< Flag for enabling and disabling the registration of new RR interval measurements (the purpose of disabling this is just to test sending HRM without RR interval data. */

static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_battery_sim_cfg;                         /**< Battery Level sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_battery_sim_state;                       /**< Battery Level sensor simulator state. */
static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_heart_rate_sim_cfg;                      /**< Heart Rate sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_heart_rate_sim_state;                    /**< Heart Rate sensor simulator state. */
static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_rr_interval_sim_cfg;                     /**< RR Interval sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_rr_interval_sim_state;                   /**< RR Interval sensor simulator state. */

static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[] =                                   /**< Universally unique service identifiers. */
{
    {BLE_UUID_HEART_RATE_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE},
    {BLE_UUID_BATTERY_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE},
    {BLE_UUID_DEVICE_INFORMATION_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE}
};

static TimerHandle_t m_battery_timer;                               /**< Definition of battery timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_heart_rate_timer;                            /**< Definition of heart rate timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_rr_interval_timer;                           /**< Definition of RR interval timer. */
static TimerHandle_t m_sensor_contact_timer;                        /**< Definition of sensor contact detected timer. */

#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
static TaskHandle_t m_logger_thread;                                /**< Definition of Logger thread. */
#endif

#define STACK_LIMIT 0x2003e000

void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Debug Monitor interrupt triggered");
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Current SP 0x%x", __get_MSP());
    NRF_LOG_FINAL_FLUSH();
}


static void dwt_stack_guard_init()
{
    uint32_t num;

    CoreDebug->DEMCR |= CoreDebug_DEMCR_TRCENA_Msk | CoreDebug_DEMCR_MON_EN_Msk;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x%x", CoreDebug->DEMCR);
    
    num = (DWT->CTRL & DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Msk) >> DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Pos;
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Number of DWT comparators: %d", num);

    NVIC_SetPriority(DebugMonitor_IRQn, 6); 

    DWT->COMP0 = STACK_LIMIT;
    DWT->MASK0 = 4;
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = (7 << DWT_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_Pos);
     
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->COMP0 : 0x%x", DWT->COMP0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->MASK0 : 0x%x", DWT->MASK0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->FUNCTION0 : 0x%x", DWT->FUNCTION0);

}

static void advertising_start(void * p_erase_bonds);


/**@brief Callback function for asserts in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyze
 *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
 * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
 *
 * @param[in]   line_num   Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
 * @param[in]   file_name  File name of the failing ASSERT call.
 */
void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
{
    app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    bool delete_bonds = false;

    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            advertising_start(&delete_bonds);
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for performing battery measurement and updating the Battery Level characteristic
 *        in Battery Service.
 */
static void battery_level_update(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    uint8_t  battery_level;

    battery_level = (uint8_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);

    err_code = ble_bas_battery_level_update(&m_bas, battery_level, BLE_CONN_HANDLE_ALL);
    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Battery measurement timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the battery level measurement timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void battery_level_meas_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);
    battery_level_update();
    *(uint32_t *) STACK_LIMIT = 1;
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Heart rate measurement timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the heart rate measurement timer expires.
 *          It will exclude RR Interval data from every third measurement.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    static uint32_t cnt = 0;
    ret_code_t      err_code;
    uint16_t        heart_rate;

    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    heart_rate = (uint16_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_heart_rate_sim_state, &m_heart_rate_sim_cfg);

    cnt++;
    err_code = ble_hrs_heart_rate_measurement_send(&m_hrs, heart_rate);
    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }

    // Disable RR Interval recording every third heart rate measurement.
    // NOTE: An application will normally not do this. It is done here just for testing generation
    // of messages without RR Interval measurements.
    m_rr_interval_enabled = ((cnt % 3) != 0);
}


/**@brief Function for handling the RR interval timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the RR interval timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void rr_interval_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    if (m_rr_interval_enabled)
    {
        uint16_t rr_interval;

        rr_interval = (uint16_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_rr_interval_sim_state,
                                                  &m_rr_interval_sim_cfg);
        ble_hrs_rr_interval_add(&m_hrs, rr_interval);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Sensor Contact Detected timer time-out.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the Sensor Contact Detected timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in] xTimer Handler to the timer that called this function.
 *                   You may get identifier given to the function xTimerCreate using pvTimerGetTimerID.
 */
static void sensor_contact_detected_timeout_handler(TimerHandle_t xTimer)
{
    static bool sensor_contact_detected = false;

    UNUSED_PARAMETER(xTimer);

    sensor_contact_detected = !sensor_contact_detected;
    ble_hrs_sensor_contact_detected_update(&m_hrs, sensor_contact_detected);
}


/**@brief Function for the Timer initialization.
 *
 * @details Initializes the timer module. This creates and starts application timers.
 */
static void timers_init(void)
{
    // Initialize timer module.
    ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Create timers.
    m_battery_timer = xTimerCreate("BATT",
                                   BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL,
                                   pdTRUE,
                                   NULL,
                                   battery_level_meas_timeout_handler);
    m_heart_rate_timer = xTimerCreate("HRT",
                                      HEART_RATE_MEAS_INTERVAL,
                                      pdTRUE,
                                      NULL,
                                      heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler);
    m_rr_interval_timer = xTimerCreate("RRT",
                                       RR_INTERVAL_INTERVAL,
                                       pdTRUE,
                                       NULL,
                                       rr_interval_timeout_handler);
    m_sensor_contact_timer = xTimerCreate("SCT",
                                          SENSOR_CONTACT_DETECTED_INTERVAL,
                                          pdTRUE,
                                          NULL,
                                          sensor_contact_detected_timeout_handler);

    /* Error checking */
    if ( (NULL == m_battery_timer)
         || (NULL == m_heart_rate_timer)
         || (NULL == m_rr_interval_timer)
         || (NULL == m_sensor_contact_timer) )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
    ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
    ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;

    BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                          (const uint8_t *)DEVICE_NAME,
                                          strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_HEART_RATE_SENSOR_HEART_RATE_BELT);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));

    gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
    gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the GATT module. */
static void gatt_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
 *
 * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
 *          application about an error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
 *
 * @details Initialize the Heart Rate, Battery and Device Information services.
 */
static void services_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t         err_code;
    ble_hrs_init_t     hrs_init;
    ble_bas_init_t     bas_init;
    ble_dis_init_t     dis_init;
    nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init = {0};
    uint8_t            body_sensor_location;

    // Initialize Queued Write Module.
    qwr_init.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;

    err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Heart Rate Service.
    body_sensor_location = BLE_HRS_BODY_SENSOR_LOCATION_FINGER;

    memset(&hrs_init, 0, sizeof(hrs_init));

    hrs_init.evt_handler                 = NULL;
    hrs_init.is_sensor_contact_supported = true;
    hrs_init.p_body_sensor_location      = &body_sensor_location;

    // Here the sec level for the Heart Rate Service can be changed/increased.
    hrs_init.hrm_cccd_wr_sec = SEC_OPEN;
    hrs_init.bsl_rd_sec      = SEC_OPEN;

    err_code = ble_hrs_init(&m_hrs, &hrs_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Battery Service.
    memset(&bas_init, 0, sizeof(bas_init));

    // Here the sec level for the Battery Service can be changed/increased.
    bas_init.bl_rd_sec        = SEC_OPEN;
    bas_init.bl_cccd_wr_sec   = SEC_OPEN;
    bas_init.bl_report_rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;

    bas_init.evt_handler          = NULL;
    bas_init.support_notification = true;
    bas_init.p_report_ref         = NULL;
    bas_init.initial_batt_level   = 100;

    err_code = ble_bas_init(&m_bas, &bas_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Initialize Device Information Service.
    memset(&dis_init, 0, sizeof(dis_init));

    ble_srv_ascii_to_utf8(&dis_init.manufact_name_str, (char *)MANUFACTURER_NAME);

    dis_init.dis_char_rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;

    err_code = ble_dis_init(&dis_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the sensor simulators. */
static void sensor_simulator_init(void)
{
    m_battery_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.incr         = BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.start_at_max = true;

    sensorsim_init(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);

    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_HEART_RATE;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_HEART_RATE;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.incr         = HEART_RATE_INCREMENT;
    m_heart_rate_sim_cfg.start_at_max = false;

    sensorsim_init(&m_heart_rate_sim_state, &m_heart_rate_sim_cfg);

    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_RR_INTERVAL;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_RR_INTERVAL;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.incr         = RR_INTERVAL_INCREMENT;
    m_rr_interval_sim_cfg.start_at_max = false;

    sensorsim_init(&m_rr_interval_sim_state, &m_rr_interval_sim_cfg);
}


/**@brief   Function for starting application timers.
 * @details Timers are run after the scheduler has started.
 */
static void application_timers_start(void)
{
    // Start application timers.
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_battery_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_heart_rate_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_rr_interval_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
    if (pdPASS != xTimerStart(m_sensor_contact_timer, OSTIMER_WAIT_FOR_QUEUE))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Connection Parameters Module.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for all events in the Connection Parameters Module which
 *          are passed to the application.
 *          @note All this function does is to disconnect. This could have been done by simply
 *                setting the disconnect_on_fail config parameter, but instead we use the event
 *                handler mechanism to demonstrate its use.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_evt   Event received from the Connection Parameters Module.
 */
static void on_conn_params_evt(ble_conn_params_evt_t * p_evt)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    if (p_evt->evt_type == BLE_CONN_PARAMS_EVT_FAILED)
    {
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling a Connection Parameters error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module. */
static void conn_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;

    memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));

    cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
    cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
    cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = m_hrs.hrm_handles.cccd_handle;
    cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = false;
    cp_init.evt_handler                    = on_conn_params_evt;
    cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;

    err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for putting the chip into sleep mode.
 *
 * @note This function will not return.
 */
static void sleep_mode_enter(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_IDLE);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Prepare wakeup buttons.
    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_sleep_mode_prepare();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Go to system-off mode (this function will not return; wakeup will cause a reset).
    err_code = sd_power_system_off();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for advertising events which are passed to the application.
 *
 * @param[in] ble_adv_evt  Advertising event.
 */
static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
{
    uint32_t err_code;

    switch (ble_adv_evt)
    {
        case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Fast advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_IDLE:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    uint32_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST:
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack.
 *
 * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
 */
static void ble_stack_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
    // Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
    uint32_t ram_start = 0;
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Enable BLE stack.
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Register a handler for BLE events.
    NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
}


/**@brief Function for handling events from the BSP module.
 *
 * @param[in]   event   Event generated by button press.
 */
static void bsp_event_handler(bsp_event_t event)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (event)
    {
        case BSP_EVENT_SLEEP:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_WHITELIST_OFF:
            if (m_conn_handle == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
            {
                err_code = ble_advertising_restart_without_whitelist(&m_advertising);
                if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
                {
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization. */
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;
    ret_code_t           err_code;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    // Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage. */
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds!");

    err_code = pm_peers_delete();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality. */
static void advertising_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_advertising_init_t init;

    memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));

    init.advdata.name_type               = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
    init.advdata.include_appearance      = true;
    init.advdata.flags                   = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = m_adv_uuids;

    init.config.ble_adv_fast_enabled  = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_timeout  = APP_ADV_DURATION;

    init.evt_handler = on_adv_evt;

    err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the nrf log module.
 */
static void log_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
}


/**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
 *
 * @param[out] p_erase_bonds  Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to wake the application up.
 */
static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    bsp_event_t startup_event;

    err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS, bsp_event_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    *p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
}


/**@brief Function for starting advertising. */
static void advertising_start(void * p_erase_bonds)
{
    bool erase_bonds = *(bool*)p_erase_bonds;

    if (erase_bonds)
    {
        delete_bonds();
        // Advertising is started by PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED event.
    }
    else
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = ble_advertising_start(&m_advertising, BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
}


#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
/**@brief Thread for handling the logger.
 *
 * @details This thread is responsible for processing log entries if logs are deferred.
 *          Thread flushes all log entries and suspends. It is resumed by idle task hook.
 *
 * @param[in]   arg   Pointer used for passing some arbitrary information (context) from the
 *                    osThreadCreate() call to the thread.
 */
static void logger_thread(void * arg)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(arg);

    while (1)
    {
        NRF_LOG_FLUSH();

        vTaskSuspend(NULL); // Suspend myself
    }
}
#endif //NRF_LOG_ENABLED

/**@brief A function which is hooked to idle task.
 * @note Idle hook must be enabled in FreeRTOS configuration (configUSE_IDLE_HOOK).
 */
void vApplicationIdleHook( void )
{
#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
     vTaskResume(m_logger_thread);
#endif
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the clock.
 */
static void clock_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_drv_clock_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}



/**@brief Function for application main entry.
 */
int main(void)
{
    bool erase_bonds;

    // Initialize modules.
    log_init();
    clock_init();

    dwt_stack_guard_init();


    // Do not start any interrupt that uses system functions before system initialisation.
    // The best solution is to start the OS before any other initalisation.

#if NRF_LOG_ENABLED
    // Start execution.
    if (pdPASS != xTaskCreate(logger_thread, "LOGGER", 256, NULL, 1, &m_logger_thread))
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM);
    }
#endif

    // Activate deep sleep mode.
    SCB->SCR |= SCB_SCR_SLEEPDEEP_Msk;

    // Configure and initialize the BLE stack.
    ble_stack_init();

    // Initialize modules.
    timers_init();
    buttons_leds_init(&erase_bonds);
    gap_params_init();
    gatt_init();
    advertising_init();
    services_init();
    sensor_simulator_init();
    conn_params_init();
    peer_manager_init();
    application_timers_start();

    // Create a FreeRTOS task for the BLE stack.
    // The task will run advertising_start() before entering its loop.
    nrf_sdh_freertos_init(advertising_start, &erase_bonds);

    NRF_LOG_INFO("HRS FreeRTOS example started.");
    // Start FreeRTOS scheduler.
    vTaskStartScheduler();

    for (;;)
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(NRF_ERROR_FORBIDDEN);
    }
}

The interrupt is triggered by writing to the STACK_LIMIT address from the battery timer handler.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Wed, 06 Jan 2021 15:45:59 GMT

FYI, I also had a look at the .elf.map file, and I can see that the DebugMon_Handler is there, and it is from the C source file where I typed it.

So, the problem is not that another implementation of it is called by way of some erroneous linking.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Wed, 06 Jan 2021 15:43:03 GMT

I tried to call NVIC_SetPendingIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn), both before starting FreeRTOS, and also after FreeRTOS is started, at the beginning of a thread function.

In both cases, I cannot see the trace output of DebugMon_Handler happening, and the program goes past the call of NVIC_SetPendingIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn) without any effect of it, and continues what is next.

Please note that in both cases, I had called

 NVIC_SetPriority(DebugMonitor_IRQn, _PRIO_SD_HIGH);
 NVIC_EnableIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn);

at some point of time before calling NVIC_SetPendingIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn ).

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Wed, 06 Jan 2021 12:53:49 GMT

Yes, I agree, it looks like maybe the DebugMonitor_IRQn is not being raised, and that the program just stays in the "wait for event" loop. Are you sure you are meeting the conditions to trigger this event? Does the ISR get invoked as expected if you call NVIC_SetPendingIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn )?

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Wed, 06 Jan 2021 11:54:47 GMT

Actually, it gets to the same result (everything looking like frozen) even with an empty DebugMon_Handler.

I also tried this : I carried out the procedure to get up to the breakpoint with the RTTlogger running. When the breakpoint occurs then everything gets kind of frozen, so I exit the RTTlogger and connect to the app with gdb through the Segger gdb server. When doing this I can see this backtrace (I just replaced the full path by …) :

(gdb) bt
#0 vPortSuppressTicksAndSleep (xExpectedIdleTime=5120)
 at …/nrf-sdk/external/freertos/portable/CMSIS/nrf52/port_cmsis_systick.c:254
#1 0x00002616 in prvIdleTask (pvParameters=0x0 <__isr_vector>)
 at …/nrf-sdk/external/freertos/source/tasks.c:3321
#2 0x00000548 in pxPortInitialiseStack (pxTopOfStack=0x1400 <xQueueSemaphoreTake+204>, pxCode=0xa5a5a5a5, 
 pvParameters=0xa5a5a5a5)
 at …/nrf-sdk/external/freertos/portable/CMSIS/nrf52/port_cmsis.c:147
Backtrace stopped: previous frame identical to this frame (corrupt stack?)

I also did the experiment with having DebugMon_Handler doing some border effect on some static flag like this :

uint32_t titi;
void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{
 titi = 1;
}

and what happens is that when inspecting titi with the debugger, it is equal to 0, the startup value, so it seems that either DebugMon_Handler is not entered when the interrupt occurs, or the execution goes again to the startup and gets frozen at some point.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Wed, 06 Jan 2021 11:03:41 GMT

Hi and happy new year!

Yes, I only tested with the UART backend so I didn't have to keep the debugger connected. Have you tried testing with and without the NRF_LOG_FINAL_FLUSH() line in your DebugMon_Handler?

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Tue, 05 Jan 2021 11:42:54 GMT

Dear Vidar Berg,

Happy new year 2021, all the best to you !

One more question : can you remember which logger backend you used with the code which you provided. Was it through the UART, right ?

I adapted this code to my platform and breakpoint condition, and I tried that with the RTTlogger, and it seems that if I start to play with the DebugMonitor_IRQn and overload the DebugMon_Handler, then when the breakpoint condition occurs, the trace stops, so the final trace made by DebugMon_Handler does not go to the output, the log gets kind of frozen, and nothing more seems to happen.

I tried to connect the debugger in this situation, and the only thing I can see is that I am stuck in the FreeRTOS calling vPortSuppressTicksAndSleep for the Idle task.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 14:01:09 GMT

OK, here is the new test_dwt function.

void test_dwt(void)
{
    CoreDebug->DEMCR |= CoreDebug_DEMCR_TRCENA_Msk | CoreDebug_DEMCR_MON_EN_Msk;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x%x", CoreDebug->DEMCR);

    NRF_LOG_WARNING("DWT->CTRL = 0x%08x",DWT->CTRL);

    uint32_t dummy;

    DWT->COMP0 = &dummy;
    DWT->MASK0 = 0;
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = (6<<0) // FUNCTION0.FUNCTION = 6, generate watchpoint debug event for WO access
        | (0<<7) // FUNCTION0.CYCMATCH == 0 for address comparison
        | (0<<8) // FUNCTIONn.DATAVMATCH == 0 for address comparison
        | (0<<5) // FUNCTIONn.EMITRANGE == 0, no meaning when FUNCTION = 6
        ;

    *(uint32_t volatile*)&dummy = 0;

    NRF_LOG_WARNING("DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0x%08x",DWT->FUNCTION0);
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0;

    NRF_LOG_FLUSH();
    for(;;) {}
}

And here is what I get now, it looks better :

<info> app: CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x1010000
<warning> app: DWT->CTRL = 0x40000001
<warning> app: DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0x01000006

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 13:39:51 GMT

To ensure the device is not in debug mode, could you try to do a pin-reset or power-cycle prior to running this test? I've previously tried using DWT as a stack guard to catch stack overflows, and I think I remember some similiar problems.

Here's the code I used:

#define STACK_LIMIT 0x2003e000

void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Debug Monitor interrupt triggered");
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Current SP 0x%x", __get_MSP());
    NRF_LOG_FINAL_FLUSH();
    for(;;);
}


static void dwt_stack_guard_init()
{
    uint32_t num;

    CoreDebug->DEMCR |= CoreDebug_DEMCR_TRCENA_Msk | CoreDebug_DEMCR_MON_EN_Msk;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("CoreDebug->DEMCR : 0x%x", CoreDebug->DEMCR);
    
    /* Using the highest programmable int. priority which is reserved to the Softdevice, and
       because of that we must configure the priority after ble_stack_init(). This bypasses the
       Softdevice's internal int. priority validation check. */
    NVIC_SetPriority(DebugMonitor_IRQn, _PRIO_SD_HIGH); 
    NVIC_EnableIRQ(DebugMonitor_IRQn);

    num = (DWT->CTRL & DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Msk) >> DWT_CTRL_NUMCOMP_Pos;
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Number of DWT comparators: %d", num);

    DWT->COMP0 = STACK_LIMIT;
    DWT->MASK0 = 4;
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = (7 << DWT_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_Pos);
     
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->COMP0 : 0x%x", DWT->COMP0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->MASK0 : 0x%x", DWT->MASK0);
    NRF_LOG_INFO("DWT->FUNCTION0 : 0x%x", DWT->FUNCTION0);

}

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 13:34:05 GMT

Vidar Berg Thank you for paying attention to my ticket.

In the latest experiment (that in which I call some test_dwt function) there is no debugger running, just the RTTlogger through a JLink probe.

BTW I did some mistake in the code comments, but I cannot re-edit my posts to fix them.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vidar Berg — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 13:28:37 GMT

Hello,

This is something I need to look more into as I don't know the answer. But I suspect there is a conflict between the debugger and code as both try to access DWT.

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 13:24:03 GMT

Once again answering to myself. I did the following plain experiment, calling the test_dwt function below close to the very beginning of my application (but after logger init).

void test_dwt(void)
{
    NRF_LOG_WARNING("DWT->CTRL = 0x%08x",DWT->CTRL);

    uint32_t dummy;

    DWT->COMP0 = &dummy;
    DWT->MASK0 = 0;
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = (6<<0) // generate watchpoint data trace packet for WO access
        | (0<<7) // FUNCTION0.CYCMATCH == 0 for address comparison
        | (0<<8) // FUNCTIONn.DATAVMATCH == 0 for address comparison
        | (0<<5) // FUNCTIONn.EMITRANGE == 0 for trace packet conveying PC value & data value
        ;

    *(uint32_t volatile*)&dummy = 0;

    NRF_LOG_WARNING("DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0x%08x",DWT->FUNCTION0);
    DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0;

    NRF_LOG_FLUSH();
    for(;;) {}
}

Here is what I get in the output 😢 :

<warning> app: DWT->CTRL = 0x0000978C
<warning> app: DWT->FUNCTION0 = 0x0000978C
Transfer rate: 0 KByte/s Bytes written: 105 Byte

The 3 MSBits of DWT->CTRL are the DWT_CTRL.NUMCOMP field which in ARM v7M reference manual are documented as giving the number of implemented comparators. According to nRF52840 data sheet there are two comparators, so this should be 2 instead of 0. Then why so ?

Maybe there is some power domain setting to enable to whole debugging peripheral ?

RE: Setting a watchpoint dynamically

Vincent Belaïche — Tue, 08 Dec 2020 07:03:34 GMT

Answering to myself : I did the experiment again, and actually Ozone does not get frozen --- that was probably another issue --- but the debugger does not halt and show the instruction where the watchpoint is hit, although I can see in the RTTlogging that the corruption is still happening by testing the memory in the sequel.