Storing and accessing PDM data from microphone input

Hi

I'm new to programming and recently started working on nrf52832.

I'm working on a wearable device that monitors patient's vital. I'm using MP34DB02 digital microphone to record patient breathing to detect difficulty in breathing. I can't read input from the mic and creating and accessing pdm data stored in buffer. This is the code I have so far:

ret_code_t drv_audio_enable(void)
    {
        nrf_delay_ms(100);
        
        //Start audio capture
        return nrf_drv_pdm_start();
    }

ret_code_t drv_audio_disable(void)
    {
        ret_code_t status;

        //Stop audio capture
        status = nrf_drv_pdm_stop();
        if(status!= NRF_SUCCESS)
        {
          return status;
        }
        
        return NRF_SUCCESS;
    }


static void drv_audio_pdm_event_handler(nrf_drv_pdm_evt_t const * const p_evt)
{
    int16_t *p_buffer_released = p_evt->buffer_released;

    
    
    if(p_evt->buffer_requested)
    {
       int16_t *p_buffer;
       
       
       if(!p_buffer)
       {
          NRF_LOG_WARNING("%s(): WARNING: Cannot allocate audio buffer!", __func__);
          //We have to provide fresh buffer to keep PDM running.
          //Since pool is empty, our sole option is to reuse the released buffer.

          if(p_buffer_released)
          {
             p_buffer          = p_buffer_released;
             p_buffer_released = NULL;
             
          }
       }

       if(p_buffer)
       {
          NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Request: 0x%08X%s",
                         p_buffer,
                         (p_buffer == p_evt->buffer_released) ?"(reusing released buffer)":"");

          APP_ERROR_CHECK(nrf_drv_pdm_buffer_set(p_buffer, CONFIG_PDM_BUFFER_SIZE_SAMPLES));
       }

   }

   if(p_buffer_released)
   {
        NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Release: 0x%08X", p_buffer_released);

   }

}


ret_code_t drv_audio_init(void)
{
    nrf_drv_pdm_config_t pdm_cfg = NRF_DRV_PDM_DEFAULT_CONFIG(clk_audio,
                                                              dout);
                                                              
    ret_code_t err_code; // a variable to hold error code value
    pdm_cfg.gain_l      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
    pdm_cfg.gain_r      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
    pdm_cfg.edge = NRF_PDM_EDGE_LEFTFALLING;

    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(lrsel);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(lrsel);

    NRF_LOG_FLUSH(); // flushing is important, if you set the deffered to 1, if deffered is set to 0 then we don't need to flush the log buffer. 
    
    //Initialize PDM driver
    return nrf_drv_pdm_init(&pdm_cfg, drv_audio_pdm_event_handler);

}



int main(void)
{

// initialize the Logger so that we can print msgs on the logger
  APP_ERROR_CHECK(NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL)); 
  NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
  
  
  NRF_LOG_INFO("Application Started");
  
  
  NRF_LOG_FLUSH(); // flushing is necessary if deferred is set to 1(check this video tutorial to know it better)

  
  APP_ERROR_CHECK(drv_audio_init());
  drv_audio_enable();
  //nrf_delay_ms(100);
  drv_audio_disable();



}

What am I missing?

Regards

Raj

  • I get constant values from the start and its always 0x00000001 and once in a while it displays 0x20001EA8. It's the same with every parameter I change. Here is the modified code for the PDM part of the program:

    int BLE_TEXT(uint8_t bletext[90])
    {
        if(connected)
        {
            uint16_t length=strlen(bletext);ble_nus_data_send(&m_nus, bletext, &length, m_conn_handle);
            nrf_gpio_pin_clear(ledPin);
        }
        else
        {
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(ledPin);
        }
    }
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_enable(void)
        {
            nrf_delay_ms(100);
            
            //Start audio capture
            return nrf_drv_pdm_start();
        }
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_disable(void)
        {
            ret_code_t status;
    
            //Stop audio capture
            status = nrf_drv_pdm_stop();
            if(status!= NRF_SUCCESS)
            {
              return status;
            }
                    
            return NRF_SUCCESS;
        }
    
    
    static void drv_audio_pdm_event_handler(nrf_drv_pdm_evt_t const * const p_evt)
    {
        int16_t *p_buffer_released = p_evt->buffer_released;
    
        if(p_evt->buffer_requested)
        {
           int16_t *p_buffer;
           
           if(!p_buffer)
           {
           //   NRF_LOG_WARNING("%s(): WARNING: Cannot allocate audio buffer!", __func__);
           //   //We have to provide fresh buffer to keep PDM running.
           //   //Since pool is empty, our sole option is to reuse the released buffer.
    
              if(p_buffer_released)
              {
                 p_buffer          = p_buffer_released;
                 p_buffer_released = NULL;
                 sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer is released");BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
                 
              }
           }
    
           if(p_buffer)
           {
              //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Request: 0x%08X%s",
              //               p_buffer,
              //               (p_buffer == p_evt->buffer_released) ?"(reusing released buffer)":"");
              
              sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Request: 0x%08X %s",
                             p_buffer,
                             (p_buffer == p_evt->buffer_released) ?"(reusing released buffer)":"");
              BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
              APP_ERROR_CHECK(nrf_drv_pdm_buffer_set(p_buffer, CONFIG_PDM_BUFFER_SIZE_SAMPLES));
           }
    
       }
    
       if(p_evt->buffer_released)
       {
            //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Release: 0x%08X", p_buffer_released);
            sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Release: 0x%08X", p_buffer_released);BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
            sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Release: 0x%08X", p_evt->buffer_released);BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
           
       }
    	
    }
    
    
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_init(/*nrf_balloc_t const *p_buffer_pool, drv_audio_buffer_handler_t buffer_handler*/)
    {
        nrf_drv_pdm_config_t pdm_cfg = NRF_DRV_PDM_DEFAULT_CONFIG(clk_audio,
                                                                  dout);
                                                                  
        ret_code_t err_code; // a variable to hold error code value
        pdm_cfg.mode        = 1;
        pdm_cfg.gain_l      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
        pdm_cfg.gain_r      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
        pdm_cfg.edge        = NRF_PDM_EDGE_LEFTFALLING;
        pdm_cfg.clock_freq  = 134217728; //1 MHz
    
        //Initialize PDM driver
        return nrf_drv_pdm_init(&pdm_cfg, drv_audio_pdm_event_handler);
           
    }
    
    
    
    /**@brief Application main function.
     */
    int main(void)
    {//1
    
        int count=1;
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(ledPin,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(lrsel,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(clk_audio,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(dout,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_INPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_clear(lrsel);
        
        log_init();
        timers_init();
     
        power_management_init();
        ble_stack_init();
        gap_params_init();
        gatt_init();
        services_init();
        advertising_init();
        conn_params_init();
    
        advertising_start();
    
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(drv_audio_init());
        
    
        nrf_delay_ms(100);
        sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\n\tStarting application...\n");BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
        
               
            
      uint8_t bletext[100];
      while(1)
      {
        if((connected==false)&(advertising_initiated==false))
             {//3
               advertising_start();
               advertising_initiated=true;
             }//3
        sprintf(bletext,"\n\rReading %d",count);
        count++;
        BLE_TEXT(bletext);
        drv_audio_enable();
        drv_audio_disable();
        nrf_delay_ms(1000);
      }
       
       
    }

  • Hi Raj,

    Could you provide minimal sample project and the steps which I can follow to test it?

    Note that if you have any private information which you don't want to be publicly visible there is a possibility to make the case private.

    Best regards,
    Dejan

  • Hi Dejan 

    Here's the code for reading the microphone data through NUS. I'm not sure how to send the entire project to you over here. Please let me know how I can send it.

    I use a custom made application to read the data through the COM port and sometimes PuTTY at a baud rate of 115200. We use MP34DB02 digital microphone. You can find the datasheet here. Hope this helps.

    Regards

    Raj

     

    #define ENABLE_TRACE false
    #include <stdint.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include "nordic_common.h"
     int BLE_TEXT();
    #include "nrf_drv_spi.h"
    #include "nrf_drv_rtc.h"
    #include "nrf_drv_clock.h"
    
    
    #include "boards.h"
    #include "app_util_platform.h"
    #include "app_error.h"
    #include "nrf_drv_twi.h"
    #include "nrf_delay.h"
    #include "nrf_gpio.h"
    #include "SparkFun_Bio_Sensor_Hub_Library.h"
    
    #include "nrf.h"
    #include "ble_hci.h"
    #include "ble_advdata.h"
    #include "ble_advertising.h"
    #include "ble_conn_params.h"
    #include "nrf_sdh.h"
    #include "nrf_sdh_soc.h"
    #include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
    #include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
    #include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"
    #include "app_timer.h"
    #include "ble_nus.h"
    #include "app_uart.h"
    #include "app_util_platform.h"
    #include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
    #include "nrf_pwr_mgmt.h"
    #include "nrf_drv_timer.h"
    #include "nrf_calendar.h"
    //PDM for mic
    #include "nrf_drv_pdm.h"
    #include "nrf_pdm.h"
    
    
    #if defined (UART_PRESENT)
    #include "nrf_uart.h"
    #endif
    #if defined (UARTE_PRESENT)
    #include "nrf_uarte.h"
    #endif
    
    #include "nrf_log.h"
    #include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
    #include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"
    
    
    #define lrsel      NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(0,17)
    #define clk_audio  NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(0,18)
    #define dout       NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(0,19)
    
    #define ledPin    NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(0,30)
    
    
    #define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG            1                                           /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */
    
    #define DEVICE_NAME                     "*Insert Device Name*"                               /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */
    #define NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE           BLE_UUID_TYPE_VENDOR_BEGIN                  /**< UUID type for the Nordic UART Service (vendor specific). */
    
    #define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO           3                                           /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
    
    #define APP_ADV_INTERVAL                64                                          /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corresponds to 40 ms). */
    
    #define APP_ADV_DURATION                18000                                       /**< The advertising duration (180 seconds) in units of 10 milliseconds. */
    
    #define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL               MSEC_TO_UNITS(20, UNIT_1_25_MS)             /**< Minimum acceptable connection interval (20 ms), Connection interval uses 1.25 ms units. */
    #define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL               MSEC_TO_UNITS(75, UNIT_1_25_MS)             /**< Maximum acceptable connection interval (75 ms), Connection interval uses 1.25 ms units. */
    #define SLAVE_LATENCY                   0                                           /**< Slave latency. */
    #define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT                MSEC_TO_UNITS(4000, UNIT_10_MS)             /**< Connection supervisory timeout (4 seconds), Supervision Timeout uses 10 ms units. */
    #define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY  APP_TIMER_TICKS(5000)                       /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
    #define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY   APP_TIMER_TICKS(30000)                      /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
    #define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT    3                                           /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */
    
    #define DEAD_BEEF                       0xDEADBEEF                                  /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */
    
    #define TEST_STRING "Nordic"
    #define SPI_INSTANCE  0 /**< SPI instance index. */
    #define COMPARE_COUNTERTIME  (3UL)
    
    
    #define CONFIG_PDM_BUFFER_SIZE_SAMPLES 320                                          //Buffer for mic input
    // <o> PDM Decimation Filter Gain <0x00-0x50>
    // <i> For details on the PDM decimation filter, see the 'Decimation filter' section in the nRF52 Product Specification document.
    #define CONFIG_PDM_GAIN 0x28
    
    
    
    static volatile bool buffer_request;
    uint8_t lcdtext[40],bletext[150];
    static bool connected = false, advertising_initiated=true,write_to_memory=false;
    
    
    BLE_NUS_DEF(m_nus, NRF_SDH_BLE_TOTAL_LINK_COUNT);                                   /**< BLE NUS service instance. */
    NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt);                                                           /**< GATT module instance. */
    NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr);                                                             /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/
    BLE_ADVERTISING_DEF(m_advertising);                                                 /**< Advertising module instance. */
    
    static uint16_t   m_conn_handle          = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;                 /**< Handle of the current connection. */
    static uint16_t   m_ble_nus_max_data_len = BLE_GATT_ATT_MTU_DEFAULT - 3;            /**< Maximum length of data (in bytes) that can be transmitted to the peer by the Nordic UART service module. */
    static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[]          =                                          /**< Universally unique service identifier. */
    {
        {BLE_UUID_NUS_SERVICE, NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE}
    };
    
    
    int BLE_TEXT(uint8_t bletext[90])
    {
        if(connected)
        {
            uint16_t length=strlen(bletext);ble_nus_data_send(&m_nus, bletext, &length, m_conn_handle);
            nrf_gpio_pin_clear(ledPin);
        }
        else
        {
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(ledPin);
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for assert macro callback.
     *
     * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
     *
     * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyse
     *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
     * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
     *
     * @param[in] line_num    Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
     * @param[in] p_file_name File name of the failing ASSERT call.
     */
    void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
    {
        app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
    }
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the timer module.
     */
    static void timers_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init();
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    /**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
     *
     * @details This function will set up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of
     *          the device. It also sets the permissions and appearance.
     */
    static void gap_params_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t                err_code;
        ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
        ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;
    
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);
    
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                              (const uint8_t *) DEVICE_NAME,
                                              strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));
    
        gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
        gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
        gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
        gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;
    
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
     *
     * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
     *          application about an error.
     *
     * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
     */
    static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling the data from the Nordic UART Service.
     *
     * @details This function will process the data received from the Nordic UART BLE Service and send
     *          it to the UART module.
     *
     * @param[in] p_evt       Nordic UART Service event.
     */
    /**@snippet [Handling the data received over BLE] */
    static void nus_data_handler(ble_nus_evt_t * p_evt)
    {
        
    }
    /**@snippet [Handling the data received over BLE] */
    
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
     */
    static void services_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t           err_code;
        ble_nus_init_t     nus_init;
        nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init = {0};
    
        // Initialize Queued Write Module.
        qwr_init.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;
    
        err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // Initialize NUS.
        memset(&nus_init, 0, sizeof(nus_init));
    
        nus_init.data_handler = nus_data_handler;
    
        err_code = ble_nus_init(&m_nus, &nus_init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling an event from the Connection Parameters Module.
     *
     * @details This function will be called for all events in the Connection Parameters Module
     *          which are passed to the application.
     *
     * @note All this function does is to disconnect. This could have been done by simply setting
     *       the disconnect_on_fail config parameter, but instead we use the event handler
     *       mechanism to demonstrate its use.
     *
     * @param[in] p_evt  Event received from the Connection Parameters Module.
     */
    static void on_conn_params_evt(ble_conn_params_evt_t * p_evt)
    {
        uint32_t err_code;
    
        if (p_evt->evt_type == BLE_CONN_PARAMS_EVT_FAILED)
        {
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling errors from the Connection Parameters module.
     *
     * @param[in] nrf_error  Error code containing information about what went wrong.
     */
    static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module.
     */
    static void conn_params_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t               err_code;
        ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;
    
        memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));
    
        cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
        cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
        cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
        cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
        cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = BLE_GATT_HANDLE_INVALID;
        cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = false;
        cp_init.evt_handler                    = on_conn_params_evt;
        cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;
    
        err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
     *
     * @details This function will be called for advertising events which are passed to the application.
     *
     * @param[in] ble_adv_evt  Advertising event.
     */
    static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
    {
        uint32_t err_code;
    
        switch (ble_adv_evt)
        {
            case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
                err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
            
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
     *
     * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
     * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
     */
    static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
    {
        uint32_t err_code;
    
        switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
        {
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
                //BLE_TEXT("Connected");
                connected=true;
                advertising_initiated=false;
                err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
                err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
                //printf("Disconnected");
                //nrf_gpio_pin_set(ledPin);
    
                //MAX20303_LED1_on();MAX20303_LED2_off();MAX20303_LED3_on();
                //turn on LED on nrf52832
                //NRF_LOG_FLUSH();
                //BLE_TEXT("Disconnected");
                // LED indication will be changed when advertising starts.
                m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
                connected=false;
                break;
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST:
            {
                //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
                ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
                {
                    .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                    .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                };
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            } break;
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:
                // Pairing not supported
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_sec_params_reply(m_conn_handle, BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_PAIRING_NOT_SUPP, NULL, NULL);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
    
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_SYS_ATTR_MISSING:
                // No system attributes have been stored.
                err_code = sd_ble_gatts_sys_attr_set(m_conn_handle, NULL, 0, 0);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
    
            case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
    
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
    
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for the SoftDevice initialization.
     *
     * @details This function initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
     */
    static void ble_stack_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
    
        err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
    
        // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
        // Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
        uint32_t ram_start = 0;
        err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // Enable BLE stack.
        err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // Register a handler for BLE events.
        NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling events from the GATT library. */
    void gatt_evt_handler(nrf_ble_gatt_t * p_gatt, nrf_ble_gatt_evt_t const * p_evt)
    {
        if ((m_conn_handle == p_evt->conn_handle) && (p_evt->evt_id == NRF_BLE_GATT_EVT_ATT_MTU_UPDATED))
        {
            m_ble_nus_max_data_len = p_evt->params.att_mtu_effective - OPCODE_LENGTH - HANDLE_LENGTH;
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Data len is set to 0x%X(%d)", m_ble_nus_max_data_len, m_ble_nus_max_data_len);
        }
        //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("ATT MTU exchange completed. central 0x%x peripheral 0x%x",
          //            p_gatt->att_mtu_desired_central,
            //          p_gatt->att_mtu_desired_periph);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the GATT library. */
    void gatt_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
    
        err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, gatt_evt_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_att_mtu_periph_set(&m_gatt, NRF_SDH_BLE_GATT_MAX_MTU_SIZE);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    
    static void advertising_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t               err_code;
        ble_advertising_init_t init;
    
        memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));
    
        init.advdata.name_type          = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
        init.advdata.include_appearance = false;
        init.advdata.flags              = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_LIMITED_DISC_MODE;
    
        init.srdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
        init.srdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = m_adv_uuids;
    
        init.config.ble_adv_fast_enabled  = true;
        init.config.ble_adv_fast_interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;
        init.config.ble_adv_fast_timeout  = APP_ADV_DURATION;
        init.evt_handler = on_adv_evt;
    
        err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
    } 
    
    
    
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the nrf log module.
     */
    static void log_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing power management.
     */
    static void power_management_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        err_code = nrf_pwr_mgmt_init();
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling the idle state (main loop).
     *
     * @details If there is no pending log operation, then sleep until next the next event occurs.
     */
    static void idle_state_handle(void)
    {
        if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false)
        {
            //nrf_pwr_mgmt_run();
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for starting advertising.
     */
    static void advertising_start(void)
    {
        uint32_t err_code = ble_advertising_start(&m_advertising, BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_enable(void)
        {
            nrf_delay_ms(100);
            
            //Start audio capture
            return nrf_drv_pdm_start();
        }
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_disable(void)
        {
            ret_code_t status;
    
            //Stop audio capture
            status = nrf_drv_pdm_stop();
            if(status!= NRF_SUCCESS)
            {
              return status;
            }
                    
            return NRF_SUCCESS;
        }
    
    
    static void drv_audio_pdm_event_handler(nrf_drv_pdm_evt_t const * const p_evt)
    {
        int16_t *p_buffer_released = p_evt->buffer_released;
    
        if(p_evt->buffer_requested)
        {
           int16_t *p_buffer;
           
           //if(!p_buffer)
           //{
           //   NRF_LOG_WARNING("%s(): WARNING: Cannot allocate audio buffer!", __func__);
           //   //We have to provide fresh buffer to keep PDM running.
           //   //Since pool is empty, our sole option is to reuse the released buffer.
    
              if(p_buffer_released)
              {
                 p_buffer          = p_buffer_released;
                 p_buffer_released = NULL;
                 sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer is released");BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
                 
              }
           //}
    
           if(p_buffer)
           {
              //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Request: 0x%08X%s",
              //               p_buffer,
              //               (p_buffer == p_evt->buffer_released) ?"(reusing released buffer)":"");
              
              sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Request: 0x%08X%s",
                             p_buffer,
                             (p_buffer == p_evt->buffer_released) ?"(reusing released buffer)":"");
              BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
              APP_ERROR_CHECK(nrf_drv_pdm_buffer_set(p_buffer, CONFIG_PDM_BUFFER_SIZE_SAMPLES));
           }
    
       }
    
       if(p_evt->buffer_released)
       {
            //NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Buffer Release: 0x%08X", p_buffer_released);
            sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Release: 0x%08X", p_buffer_released);BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
            sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\rBuffer Release: 0x%08X", p_evt->buffer_released);BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
           
       }
    }
    
    
    
    ret_code_t drv_audio_init()
    {
        nrf_drv_pdm_config_t pdm_cfg = NRF_DRV_PDM_DEFAULT_CONFIG(clk_audio,
                                                                  dout);
                                                                  
        ret_code_t err_code; // a variable to hold error code value
        pdm_cfg.mode        = 1;
        pdm_cfg.gain_l      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
        pdm_cfg.gain_r      = CONFIG_PDM_GAIN;
        pdm_cfg.edge        = NRF_PDM_EDGE_LEFTFALLING;
        pdm_cfg.clock_freq  = 138412032; //1.032 MHz
    
        //Initialize PDM driver
        return nrf_drv_pdm_init(&pdm_cfg, drv_audio_pdm_event_handler);
           
    }
    
    
    
    /**@brief Application main function.
     */
    int main(void)
    {//1
    
        int count=1;
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(ledPin,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(lrsel,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(clk_audio,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_dir_set(dout,NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_INPUT);
        nrf_gpio_pin_set(lrsel);
        
        log_init();
        timers_init();
     
        power_management_init();
        ble_stack_init();
        gap_params_init();
        gatt_init();
        services_init();
        advertising_init();
        conn_params_init();
    
        advertising_start();
    
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(drv_audio_init());
        
    
        nrf_delay_ms(100);
        sprintf(lcdtext,"\n\n\tStarting application...\n");BLE_TEXT(lcdtext);
        
               
            
      uint8_t bletext[100];
      while(1)
      {
        if((connected==false)&(advertising_initiated==false))
             {//3
               advertising_start();
               advertising_initiated=true;
             }//3
        sprintf(bletext,"\n\rReading %d",count);
        count++;
        BLE_TEXT(bletext);
        drv_audio_enable();
        drv_audio_disable();
        nrf_delay_ms(1000);
      }
    }
    

  • BTW I used the ble_app_uart example for the program and added necessary PDM drivers and libraries.

  • Hi Raj,

    You could take a look at the PDM code example and related discussion in PDM code implementation and testing.

    Best regards,
    Dejan

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