Bluetooth init failure in Peripheral LBS sample on Thingy 53

When I use nRF Programmer on my laptop (v3.0.7) to update firmware on my Thingy53 with a USB cable and SW2, the programming seems to finish normally, but it prints "Bluetooth Init Failed (err -11)" on the nRF console in VS Studio, is not visible in Bluetooth scanners and doesn't blink the LED or do the other things. I get the same behavior whether I use a precompiled firmware (v2.0.0) or compile it myself from nrf/samples/bluetooth/peripheral_lbs in nRF SDK 2.3.0, using a build configuration for board thingy53_nrf5340_cpuapp, and no modifications to the generated config or code. I get similar results from other bluetooth samples programmed the same way on the same board. I've had success with updating the firmware to the builtin sample through the nRF Programmer iOS app using a separate Thingy53, and also success programming  onto an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense (using the board config and flashing with bossac). But I'd like to be able to compile and run Bluetooth apps on the Thingy53. Any suggestions for next steps? I don't have immediate access to a debug probe.

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