Zephyr SD card returns "Card never left busy state"

[HorstvanGrass]

Using the zephyr RTOS I currently want to acces filesystem on a SD card. I wired it correctly and used this example to getting started: https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/tree/main/samples/subsys/fs/fs_sample

The log returns follwowing error:

[00:00:03.463,989] <inf> sd: Detected SD card
[00:00:05.601,104] <err> sd: Card never left busy state
[00:00:05.601,135] <err> sd: Card init failed
[00:00:05.601,165] <err> main: Storage init ERROR!

Hence, I wired my Logic to get some more details

.

There is definitely some communication, but not as described here: http://elm-chan.org/docs/mmc/mmc_e.html.

Here are the first commands:

name type start_time duration mosi miso

SPI result 1.0015495 3.05e-05 0x40 0xFF

SPI result 1.00158175 3.05e-05 0x00 0xFF

SPI result 1.001614 3.05e-05 0x00 0xFF

SPI result 1.00164625 3.075e-05 0x00 0xFF

SPI result 1.00167875 3.05e-05 0x00 0xFF

SPI result 1.001711 3.05e-05 0x95 0xFF

SPI result 1.0017435 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00177575 3.05e-05 0xFF 0x01

SPI result 1.001808 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00184025 3.075e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00187275 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.001905 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00193725 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.0019695 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00200175 3.075e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00203425 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.0020665 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00209875 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.00213125 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

SPI result 1.0021635 3.05e-05 0xFF 0xFF

I doubt that the correct frequency is not set properly. But cannot figure out, where it should be.

I formatted the SD card to FAT many time. Always getting the same result.

[Simonr]

Hi

Are you using SPI or QSPI for communication here? The frequency should be set in SPI or QSPI section of your .dts (device tree) file in something like the following:

&qspi {
	status = "okay";
	pinctrl-0 = <&qspi_default>;
	pinctrl-1 = <&qspi_sleep>;
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
	mx25r64: mx25r6435f@0 {
		compatible = "nordic,qspi-nor";
		reg = <0>;
		/* MX25R64 supports only pp and pp4io */
		writeoc = "pp4io";
		/* MX25R64 supports all readoc options */
		readoc = "read4io";
		sck-frequency = <8000000>;
		};
	};

What SDK version are you using for development of your application, and what GPIOs on the nRF52840 are you using for connecting to the SD card?

Best regards,

Simon

[HorstvanGrass]

I attached the opensource sigrok to get more information. These are the SD card commands exchange between the host and the card:

3105403-3105500 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD0 (GO_IDLE_STATE): Reset the SD card
3105517-3105533 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3105773-3105870 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD8: 48 00 00 01 aa 87
3105886-3105902 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3106143-3106240 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD59 (CRC_ON_OFF): Turn the SD card CRC option on
3106256-3106273 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3106513-3106610 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD5: 45 00 00 00 00 5b
3106626-3106642 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x05
3106895-3106994 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD0 (GO_IDLE_STATE): Reset the SD card
3107009-3107025 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3107265-3107362 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD8: 48 00 00 01 aa 87
3107378-3107395 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3107636-3107733 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD59 (CRC_ON_OFF): Turn the SD card CRC option on
3107749-3107765 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3108004-3108101 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD58: 7a 00 00 00 00 fd
3108117-3108133 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3108374-3108471 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3108488-3108504 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3108743-3108840 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3108856-3108872 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3114147-3114244 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3114260-3114276 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3114515-3114612 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3114628-3114644 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3119929-3120026 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3120042-3120058 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3120297-3120394 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3120410-3120426 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3125712-3125809 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3125825-3125841 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3126080-3126177 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3126193-3126209 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3131495-3131592 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3131608-3131624 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3131863-3131960 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3131976-3131992 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3137278-3137375 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3137391-3137407 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3137645-3137742 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3137759-3137775 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3143060-3143157 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3143174-3143190 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3143428-3143525 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3143542-3143558 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3148843-3148940 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3148956-3148973 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3149211-3149308 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3149325-3149341 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3154626-3154723 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3154739-3154755 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3154994-3155091 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3155107-3155123 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3160409-3160506 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3160522-3160538 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3160777-3160874 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3160890-3160906 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3166192-3166289 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3166305-3166321 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3166560-3166657 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3166673-3166689 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3171975-3172072 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3172088-3172104 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3172343-3172440 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3172456-3172472 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3177757-3177854 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3177871-3177887 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3178126-3178223 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3178239-3178255 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3183540-3183637 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3183653-3183670 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3183908-3184005 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3184022-3184038 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3189323-3189420 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3189436-3189452 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3189691-3189788 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3189804-3189821 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3195106-3195203 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3195219-3195235 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3195474-3195571 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3195587-3195603 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3200889-3200986 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3201002-3201018 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3201257-3201354 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3201370-3201386 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3206671-3206768 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3206785-3206801 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3207040-3207137 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3207153-3207169 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3212454-3212551 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3212568-3212584 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3212823-3212920 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3212936-3212952 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3218237-3218334 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3218350-3218366 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3218605-3218702 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3218718-3218734 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3224020-3224117 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3224133-3224149 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3224388-3224485 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3224502-3224518 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3229803-3229900 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3229916-3229932 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3230171-3230268 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3230284-3230300 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3235585-3235682 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3235699-3235715 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3235954-3236051 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3236067-3236083 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3241368-3241465 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3241482-3241498 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3241737-3241834 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3241850-3241866 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3247151-3247248 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3247264-3247280 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3247519-3247616 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3247632-3247648 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3252934-3253031 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3253047-3253063 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3253302-3253399 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3253415-3253431 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3258717-3258814 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3258830-3258846 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3259085-3259182 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: ACMD41 (SD_SEND_OP_COND): Send HCS info and activate the card init process
3259198-3259214 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x01
3264500-3264597 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: CMD55 (APP_CMD): Next command is an application-specific command
3530441-3530457 SD card (SPI mode): Commands/replies: R1: 0x00

It seems to get stuck between command 55 and 41 and does not follow the initialization steps: http://chlazza.nfshost.com/imgs/SDcardInitFlowchart_3.01.png

The code stuck in function disk_access_ioctl