Cannot program nrf52840 over SWD on custom board. Potential hardware issue. "init mode failed (unable to connect to the target)"

This is my first custom board with a microcontroller. Also my first time programming with SWD. Grateful for any help/suggestions :-).

Question: Can anyone identify a potential hardware issue that would prevent programming or connecting to the nRF52?

Situation: I am trying to flash an nRF52840 through the SWD pins, on a custom board I designed. The debugger cannot connect - "init mode failed (unable to connect to the target)". I can successfully connect to the st-link I am using and have connected to a nRF52840 on a DONGLE board.

Setup: I am using the following components.

NOTE: I successfully used this setup to connect to the nRF52840 DONGLE. Hence, I think it's a HW issue.

Parts:

  • Supplier: JLCPCB, assembled with their components.
  • nrf52 package: aQFN73

Additional Information:

  • When powered through the USB (5V0), VDD is 1.8V.
  • All other ICs seem to function normally.
  • nRESET pin is floating
  • The STLINK-V3MINIE is NOT able to write the APPROTECT bit
    • Research indicates this bit is SET by default
    • Could this prevent connection?
  • The STLINK-V3 can only program between 3V and 3.6V and cannot supply power.
    • I am powering VDD pin directly to solve this issue.

*The programmer header is on the bottom right side, top layer.

Gerber_PCB_Dodge_Clock.zipBOM_PCB_Dodge_Clock_2023-11-28.csv

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