Hi Nordic Team,
I'm currently working on a BLE project using the nRF52840 DK with the nRF5 SDK (not using SoftDevice Controller), and I’ve run into a critical issue related to BLE security and the Peer Manager.
After successfully connecting to a central device (a mobile phone), my application attempts to initiate a security procedure using pm_conn_secure() inside the BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED event handler. However, I consistently receive the following runtime error:
<info> app_timer: RTC: initialized.
<info> app: Debug logging for UART over RTT started.
<info> app: Fast advertising
<info> app: Connected
<error> peer_manager_sm: Could not perform security procedure. smd_params_reply() or smd_link_secure() returned NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR. conn_handle: 0
<error> peer_manager_handler: Unexpected fatal error occurred: error: NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR
<error> peer_manager_handler: Asserting.
<error> app: Fatal error
<warning> app: System reset
Key notes:
-
I verified that the connection handle (
m_conn_handle) is being set duringBLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED, but it shows as 0 in the error log, which seems invalid or not expected. -
The Peer Manager has been initialized and
pm_register()is called. -
I have security parameters set, similar to the BLE NUS and GLS examples.
-
My application uses LE Secure Connections and sets
sec_param.lesc = 1,sec_param.io_caps = BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY. -
RNG_ENABLEDis set to 1, andNRF_CRYPTOis enabled insdk_config.h.
During pairing with the nRF Connect mobile app, I receive the pairing notification, but the passkey input window never appears, and the connection fails shortly afterward.
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*
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/** @file
*
* @defgroup ble_sdk_uart_over_ble_main main.c
* @{
* @ingroup ble_sdk_app_nus_eval
* @brief UART over BLE application main file.
*
* This file contains the source code for a sample application that uses the Nordic UART service.
* This application uses the @ref srvlib_conn_params module.
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "nordic_common.h"
#include "nrf.h"
#include "ble_hci.h"
#include "ble_advdata.h"
#include "ble_advertising.h"
#include "ble_conn_params.h"
#include "nrf_sdh.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_soc.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
#include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
#include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"
#include "app_timer.h"
#include "ble_nus.h"
#include "app_uart.h"
#include "app_util_platform.h"
#include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
#include "nrf_pwr_mgmt.h"
#if defined (UART_PRESENT)
#include "nrf_uart.h"
#endif
#if defined (UARTE_PRESENT)
#include "nrf_uarte.h"
#endif
#include "nrf_log.h"
#include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
#include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"
#include "nrf_gpio.h"
#include "nrf_delay.h"
// File related to Enable Encryption based pairing
#define ENCRPTION_EN 1
#if (ENCRPTION_EN)
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"
#include "fds.h"
#include "nrf_ble_lesc.h"
#include "app_error.h"
#include "ble.h"
#include "ble_err.h"
#include "ble_srv_common.h"
#include "ble_racp.h"
#include "ble_conn_state.h"
#endif
#define USR_PIN NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(1,8)
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG 1 /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */
#define DEVICE_NAME "Sainti" /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */
#define NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE BLE_UUID_TYPE_VENDOR_BEGIN /**< UUID type for the Nordic UART Service (vendor specific). */
#define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO 3 /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
#define APP_ADV_INTERVAL 64 /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corresponds to 40 ms). */
#define APP_ADV_DURATION 18000 /**< The advertising duration (180 seconds) in units of 10 milliseconds. */
#define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL MSEC_TO_UNITS(10, UNIT_1_25_MS) /**< Minimum acceptable connection interval (20 ms), Connection interval uses 1.25 ms units. */
#define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL MSEC_TO_UNITS(15, UNIT_1_25_MS) /**< Maximum acceptable connection interval (75 ms), Connection interval uses 1.25 ms units. */
#define SLAVE_LATENCY 0 /**< Slave latency. */
#define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT MSEC_TO_UNITS(4000, UNIT_10_MS) /**< Connection supervisory timeout (4 seconds), Supervision Timeout uses 10 ms units. */
#define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY APP_TIMER_TICKS(5000) /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
#define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY APP_TIMER_TICKS(30000) /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT 3 /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */
#define SEC_PARAM_BOND 1 /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM 1 /**< Man In The Middle protection required (applicable when display module is detected). */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC 1 /**< LE Secure Connections enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS 0 /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY /**< Display I/O capabilities. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB 0 /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE 7 /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE 16 /**< Maximum encryption key size. */
#define PASSKEY_TXT "Passkey:" /**< Message to be displayed together with the pass-key. */
#define PASSKEY_TXT_LENGTH 8 /**< Length of message to be displayed together with the pass-key. */
#define PASSKEY_LENGTH 6
#define DEAD_BEEF 0xDEADBEEF /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */
#define UART_TX_BUF_SIZE 256 /**< UART TX buffer size. */
#define UART_RX_BUF_SIZE 256 /**< UART RX buffer size. */
BLE_NUS_DEF(m_nus, NRF_SDH_BLE_TOTAL_LINK_COUNT); /**< BLE NUS service instance. */
NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt); /**< GATT module instance. */
NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr); /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/
BLE_ADVERTISING_DEF(m_advertising); /**< Advertising module instance. */
static uint16_t m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID; /**< Handle of the current connection. */
static uint16_t m_ble_nus_max_data_len = BLE_GATT_ATT_MTU_DEFAULT - 3; /**< Maximum length of data (in bytes) that can be transmitted to the peer by the Nordic UART service module. */
static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[] = /**< Universally unique service identifier. */
{
{BLE_UUID_NUS_SERVICE, NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE}
};
static pm_peer_id_t m_peer_to_be_deleted = PM_PEER_ID_INVALID;
static void advertising_start(bool erase_bonds);
/**@brief Function for assert macro callback.
*
* @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
*
* @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyse
* how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
* @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
*
* @param[in] line_num Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
* @param[in] p_file_name File name of the failing ASSERT call.
*/
void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
{
app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
}
/**@brief Function for initializing the timer module.
*/
static void timers_init(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
*
* @details This function will set up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of
* the device. It also sets the permissions and appearance.
*/
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
ble_gap_conn_params_t gap_conn_params;
ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);
err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
(const uint8_t *) DEVICE_NAME,
strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_UNKNOWN);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));
gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
gap_conn_params.slave_latency = SLAVE_LATENCY;
gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;
err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
*
* @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
* application about an error.
*
* @param[in] nrf_error Error code containing information about what went wrong.
*/
static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}
/**@brief Function for handling the data from the Nordic UART Service.
*
* @details This function will process the data received from the Nordic UART BLE Service and send
* it to the UART module.
*
* @param[in] p_evt Nordic UART Service event.
*/
/**@snippet [Handling the data received over BLE] */
volatile char BLE_ready=1;
static void nus_data_handler(ble_nus_evt_t * p_evt)
{
if (p_evt->type == BLE_NUS_EVT_RX_DATA)
{
uint32_t err_code;
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Received data from BLE NUS. Writing data on UART.");
NRF_LOG_HEXDUMP_DEBUG(p_evt->params.rx_data.p_data, p_evt->params.rx_data.length);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < p_evt->params.rx_data.length; i++)
{
do
{
err_code = app_uart_put(p_evt->params.rx_data.p_data[i]);
if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) && (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY))
{
NRF_LOG_ERROR("Failed receiving NUS message. Error 0x%x. ", err_code);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
} while (err_code == NRF_ERROR_BUSY);
}
if (p_evt->params.rx_data.p_data[p_evt->params.rx_data.length - 1] == '\r')
{
while (app_uart_put('\n') == NRF_ERROR_BUSY);
}
}else if (p_evt->type == BLE_NUS_EVT_TX_RDY)
{
BLE_ready = true;
}
}
/**@snippet [Handling the data received over BLE] */
/**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
*/
static void services_init(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
ble_nus_init_t nus_init;
nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init = {0};
// Initialize Queued Write Module.
qwr_init.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;
err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Initialize NUS.
memset(&nus_init, 0, sizeof(nus_init));
nus_init.data_handler = nus_data_handler;
err_code = ble_nus_init(&m_nus, &nus_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for handling an event from the Connection Parameters Module.
*
* @details This function will be called for all events in the Connection Parameters Module
* which are passed to the application.
*
* @note All this function does is to disconnect. This could have been done by simply setting
* the disconnect_on_fail config parameter, but instead we use the event handler
* mechanism to demonstrate its use.
*
* @param[in] p_evt Event received from the Connection Parameters Module.
*/
static void on_conn_params_evt(ble_conn_params_evt_t * p_evt)
{
uint32_t err_code;
if (p_evt->evt_type == BLE_CONN_PARAMS_EVT_FAILED)
{
err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_CONN_INTERVAL_UNACCEPTABLE);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
}
/**@brief Function for handling errors from the Connection Parameters module.
*
* @param[in] nrf_error Error code containing information about what went wrong.
*/
static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}
/**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module.
*/
static void conn_params_init(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;
memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));
cp_init.p_conn_params = NULL;
cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle = BLE_GATT_HANDLE_INVALID;
cp_init.disconnect_on_fail = false;
cp_init.evt_handler = on_conn_params_evt;
cp_init.error_handler = conn_params_error_handler;
err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for putting the chip into sleep mode.
*
* @note This function will not return.
*/
static void sleep_mode_enter(void)
{
uint32_t err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_IDLE);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Prepare wakeup buttons.
err_code = bsp_btn_ble_sleep_mode_prepare();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Go to system-off mode (this function will not return; wakeup will cause a reset).
err_code = sd_power_system_off();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
*
* @details This function will be called for advertising events which are passed to the application.
*
* @param[in] ble_adv_evt Advertising event.
*/
static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
{
uint32_t err_code;
switch (ble_adv_evt)
{
case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
NRF_LOG_INFO("Fast advertising");
err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
break;
case BLE_ADV_EVT_IDLE:
sleep_mode_enter();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
*
* @param[in] p_ble_evt Bluetooth stack event.
* @param[in] p_context Unused.
*/
volatile short int BLE_Connect=0;
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
pm_handler_secure_on_connection(p_ble_evt);
switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
{
case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
// Check if the last connected peer had not used MITM, if so, delete its bond information.
if (m_peer_to_be_deleted != PM_PEER_ID_INVALID)
{
err_code = pm_peer_delete(m_peer_to_be_deleted);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Collector's bond deleted");
m_peer_to_be_deleted = PM_PEER_ID_INVALID;
}
BLE_Connect=0;
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected");
m_peer_to_be_deleted = PM_PEER_ID_INVALID;
err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// pm_conn_sec_status_t status;
// err_code = pm_conn_sec_status_get(m_conn_handle, &status);
// APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// if (!status.encrypted)
// {
// NRF_LOG_INFO("Link not encrypted. Initiating security procedure.");
// err_code = pm_conn_secure(m_conn_handle, false);
// APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// }
// Start Security Request timer.
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST:
{
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
{
.rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
.tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
};
err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
} break;
case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
// Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
break;
case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
// Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST");
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY:
{
char passkey[PASSKEY_LENGTH + 1];
memcpy(passkey, p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey, PASSKEY_LENGTH);
passkey[PASSKEY_LENGTH] = 0;
NRF_LOG_INFO("Passkey: %s", nrf_log_push(passkey));
} break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST:
BLE_Connect=10;
NRF_LOG_INFO("BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST");
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_LESC_DHKEY_REQUEST:
NRF_LOG_INFO("BLE_GAP_EVT_LESC_DHKEY_REQUEST");
break;
case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS:
NRF_LOG_INFO("BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS: status=0x%x bond=0x%x lv4: %d kdist_own:0x%x kdist_peer:0x%x",
p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.auth_status,
p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.bonded,
p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.sm1_levels.lv4,
*((uint8_t *)&p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.kdist_own),
*((uint8_t *)&p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.kdist_peer));
break;
default:
// No implementation needed.
break;
}
}
/**@brief Function for the SoftDevice initialization.
*
* @details This function initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
*/
static void ble_stack_init(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
// Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
uint32_t ram_start = 0;
err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Enable BLE stack.
err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Set static passkey
const uint8_t passkey[] = "123456"; // Must be 6 digits
ble_opt_t passkey_opt;
memset(&passkey_opt, 0, sizeof(passkey_opt));
passkey_opt.gap_opt.passkey.p_passkey = passkey;
err_code = sd_ble_opt_set(BLE_GAP_OPT_PASSKEY, &passkey_opt);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Register a handler for BLE events.
NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
}
/**@brief Function for initializing the GATT library. */
void gatt_init(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, NULL);
}
/**@brief Function for handling events from the BSP module.
*
* @param[in] event Event generated by button press.
*/
void bsp_event_handler(bsp_event_t event)
{
uint32_t err_code;
switch (event)
{
case BSP_EVENT_SLEEP:
sleep_mode_enter();
break;
case BSP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
{
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
break;
case BSP_EVENT_WHITELIST_OFF:
if (m_conn_handle == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
{
err_code = ble_advertising_restart_without_whitelist(&m_advertising);
if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
{
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
*
* @param[in] p_evt Peer Manager event.
*/
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
pm_handler_disconnect_on_sec_failure(p_evt);
pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);
switch (p_evt->evt_id)
{
case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_SUCCEEDED:
{
pm_conn_sec_status_t conn_sec_status;
// Check if the link is authenticated (meaning at least MITM).
err_code = pm_conn_sec_status_get(p_evt->conn_handle, &conn_sec_status);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
if (conn_sec_status.mitm_protected)
{
NRF_LOG_INFO("Link secured. Role: %d. conn_handle: %d, Procedure: %d",
ble_conn_state_role(p_evt->conn_handle),
p_evt->conn_handle,
p_evt->params.conn_sec_succeeded.procedure);
}
else
{
// The peer did not use MITM, disconnect.
NRF_LOG_INFO("Collector did not use MITM, disconnecting");
err_code = pm_peer_id_get(m_conn_handle, &m_peer_to_be_deleted);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle,
BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
} break;
case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_FAILED:
m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
break;
case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
advertising_start(false);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization.
*/
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = pm_init();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));
// Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
sec_param.bond = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
sec_param.mitm = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
sec_param.lesc = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
sec_param.keypress = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
sec_param.io_caps = BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY;
sec_param.oob = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
sec_param.min_key_size = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
sec_param.max_key_size = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
sec_param.kdist_own.enc = 1;
sec_param.kdist_own.id = 1;
sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
sec_param.kdist_peer.id = 1;
err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage.
*/
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds!");
err_code = pm_peers_delete();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for handling app_uart events.
*
* @details This function will receive a single character from the app_uart module and append it to
* a string. The string will be be sent over BLE when the last character received was a
* 'new line' '\n' (hex 0x0A) or if the string has reached the maximum data length.
*/
/**@snippet [Handling the data received over UART] */
void uart_event_handle(app_uart_evt_t * p_event)
{
static uint8_t data_array[BLE_NUS_MAX_DATA_LEN];
static uint8_t index = 0;
uint32_t err_code;
switch (p_event->evt_type)
{
case APP_UART_DATA_READY:
UNUSED_VARIABLE(app_uart_get(&data_array[index]));
index++;
if ((data_array[index - 1] == '\n') ||
(data_array[index - 1] == '\r') ||
(index >= m_ble_nus_max_data_len))
{
if (index > 1)
{
NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Ready to send data over BLE NUS");
NRF_LOG_HEXDUMP_DEBUG(data_array, index);
do
{
uint16_t length = (uint16_t)index;
err_code = ble_nus_data_send(&m_nus, data_array, &length, m_conn_handle);
if ((err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND))
{
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
} while (err_code == NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES);
}
index = 0;
}
break;
case APP_UART_COMMUNICATION_ERROR:
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_communication);
break;
case APP_UART_FIFO_ERROR:
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_code);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**@snippet [Handling the data received over UART] */
/**@brief Function for initializing the UART module.
*/
/**@snippet [UART Initialization] */
static void uart_init(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
app_uart_comm_params_t const comm_params =
{
.rx_pin_no = RX_PIN_NUMBER,
.tx_pin_no = TX_PIN_NUMBER,
.rts_pin_no = RTS_PIN_NUMBER,
.cts_pin_no = CTS_PIN_NUMBER,
.flow_control = APP_UART_FLOW_CONTROL_DISABLED,
.use_parity = false,
#if defined (UART_PRESENT)
.baud_rate = NRF_UART_BAUDRATE_460800//NRF_UART_BAUDRATE_115200
#else
.baud_rate = NRF_UARTE_BAUDRATE_115200
#endif
};
APP_UART_FIFO_INIT(&comm_params,
UART_RX_BUF_SIZE,
UART_TX_BUF_SIZE,
uart_event_handle,
APP_IRQ_PRIORITY_LOWEST,
err_code);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@snippet [UART Initialization] */
/**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality.
*/
static void advertising_init(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
ble_advertising_init_t init;
memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));
init.advdata.name_type = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
init.advdata.include_appearance = true;//false;
init.advdata.flags = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_LIMITED_DISC_MODE;
init.srdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
init.srdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids = m_adv_uuids;
init.config.ble_adv_fast_enabled = true;
init.config.ble_adv_fast_interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;
init.config.ble_adv_fast_timeout = APP_ADV_DURATION;
init.evt_handler = on_adv_evt;
err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
}
/**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
*
* @param[out] p_erase_bonds Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to wake the application up.
*/
static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
{
bsp_event_t startup_event;
uint32_t err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS, bsp_event_handler);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
*p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
}
/**@brief Function for initializing the nrf log module.
*/
static void log_init(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
}
/**@brief Function for initializing power management.
*/
static void power_management_init(void)
{
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_pwr_mgmt_init();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/**@brief Function for handling the idle state (main loop).
*
* @details If there is no pending log operation, then sleep until next the next event occurs.
*/
static void idle_state_handle(void)
{
#if (ENCRPTION_EN)
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = nrf_ble_lesc_request_handler();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
#endif
if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false)
{
nrf_pwr_mgmt_run();
}
}
/**@brief Function for starting advertising.
*/
static void advertising_start(bool erase_bonds)
{
if (erase_bonds == true)
{
delete_bonds();
// Advertising is started by PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED event.
}
else
{
ret_code_t err_code = ble_advertising_start(&m_advertising, BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
}
#define BLE_SPEED_TEST 1//0
/************************************* START TIMER Driver**********************************/
#define PKT_LEN 240
#define FIFO_SIZE 4//16
uint8_t TxFiFo[FIFO_SIZE][512];
uint8_t FifoWrInd=0, FifoRdInd=0, FifoWrCnt=0, FifoDue=0, SampleCnt=0;
void send_custom_packet(void)
{
uint32_t err_code;
uint16_t length = PKT_LEN;
// Try sending the packet
err_code = ble_nus_data_send(&m_nus, &TxFiFo[FifoRdInd][0], &length, m_conn_handle);
if ((err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND))
{
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
if (err_code == NRF_SUCCESS)
{ FifoRdInd = (FifoRdInd+1) & (FIFO_SIZE-1);
--FifoDue;
// nrf_gpio_pin_toggle(USR_PIN);
}
}
}
APP_TIMER_DEF(m_data_send_timer); // Timer for sending data
#define DATA_SEND_INTERVAL APP_TIMER_TICKS(3)
void data_send_timer_handler(void * p_context) {
UNUSED_PARAMETER(p_context);
if(BLE_Connect==1)
{ for(int j=0;j<2;j++)
{
TxFiFo[FifoWrInd][FifoWrCnt++] = 0x55; // Sync byte
for(int i=1;i<20;i++) TxFiFo[FifoWrInd][FifoWrCnt++] = SampleCnt;
SampleCnt++;
if(FifoWrCnt>=PKT_LEN)
{ FifoWrCnt = 0;
FifoWrInd = (FifoWrInd+1) & (FIFO_SIZE-1);
if(FifoDue<FIFO_SIZE-1) FifoDue++;
else
{ //Fifo Reset
FifoDue=0; FifoWrCnt = 0; FifoRdInd = FifoWrInd;
}
}
}
}
else
{ //Fifo Reset
FifoDue=0; FifoWrCnt = 0; FifoRdInd = FifoWrInd;
if(BLE_Connect>1) --BLE_Connect;
}
}
void Newtimers_init(void) {
ret_code_t err_code ;
err_code = app_timer_create(&m_data_send_timer, APP_TIMER_MODE_REPEATED, data_send_timer_handler);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
void start_timers(void) {
ret_code_t err_code;
err_code = app_timer_start(m_data_send_timer, DATA_SEND_INTERVAL, NULL);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}
/************************************* END TIMER Driver**********************************/
/****************************** START UART1 with DMA Driver ***************************************/
// Define your UART pins here (replace with your specific pins)
#define UART1_TX_PIN 31
#define UART1_RX_PIN 30
#define UART1_CTS_PIN 29 // Optional - for hardware flow control
#define UART1_RTS_PIN 28 // Optional - for hardware flow control
// Buffer for transmission
//static uint8_t tx_buffer[256]; // Make sure this is in RAM, not flash
static uint8_t rx_buffer[16][256];
// Initialize UART1 with EasyDMA
void UART1_Init(void)
{
// Configure GPIO pins for UART1
// Configure TX pin as output
NRF_P0->PIN_CNF[UART1_TX_PIN] = (GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_S0H1 << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Disconnect << GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Output << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Pos);
// Configure RX pin as input
NRF_P0->PIN_CNF[UART1_RX_PIN] = (GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_S0H1 << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Connect << GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Input << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Pos);
// Optional: Configure CTS and RTS pins for hardware flow control
/*
NRF_P0->PIN_CNF[UART1_CTS_PIN] = (GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_S0H1 << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Connect << GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Input << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Pos);
NRF_P0->PIN_CNF[UART1_RTS_PIN] = (GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_S0H1 << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DRIVE_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Disconnect << GPIO_PIN_CNF_INPUT_Pos) |
(GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Output << GPIO_PIN_CNF_DIR_Pos);
*/
// Disable UART1 before configuration
NRF_UARTE1->ENABLE = UARTE_ENABLE_ENABLE_Disabled << UARTE_ENABLE_ENABLE_Pos;
// Configure UART1 pins
NRF_UARTE1->PSEL.TXD = UART1_TX_PIN;
NRF_UARTE1->PSEL.RXD = UART1_RX_PIN;
// Optional: Configure hardware flow control pins
/*
NRF_UARTE1->PSEL.CTS = UART1_CTS_PIN;
NRF_UARTE1->PSEL.RTS = UART1_RTS_PIN;
*/
// Configure baudrate (115200)
NRF_UARTE1->BAUDRATE = UARTE_BAUDRATE_BAUDRATE_Baud460800 << UARTE_BAUDRATE_BAUDRATE_Pos;
// Configure parity, hardware flow control, stop bits
// No parity, no flow control, 1 stop bit
NRF_UARTE1->CONFIG = (UARTE_CONFIG_PARITY_Excluded << UARTE_CONFIG_PARITY_Pos) |
(UARTE_CONFIG_HWFC_Disabled << UARTE_CONFIG_HWFC_Pos) |
(UARTE_CONFIG_STOP_One << UARTE_CONFIG_STOP_Pos);
// Clear any previous events
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ERROR = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_RXDRDY = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_RXSTARTED = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_TXSTARTED = 0;
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_TXSTOPPED = 0;
// Optional: Enable interrupts
NRF_UARTE1->INTENSET = UARTE_INTENSET_ENDTX_Msk | UARTE_INTENSET_ENDRX_Msk;
NVIC_SetPriority(UARTE1_IRQn, 7); // Set your desired priority
NVIC_EnableIRQ(UARTE1_IRQn);
// Enable UART1 with EasyDMA
NRF_UARTE1->ENABLE = UARTE_ENABLE_ENABLE_Enabled << UARTE_ENABLE_ENABLE_Pos;
}
// Transmit data using EasyDMA
void UART1_Transmit(uint8_t* data_ptr, uint32_t length)
{
// Make sure previous transmission is complete
if (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX == 0)
{
// Wait for any ongoing transmission to complete
while (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_TXSTOPPED == 0)
{
// If transmission is ongoing, stop it
NRF_UARTE1->TASKS_STOPTX = 1;
}
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_TXSTOPPED = 0;
}
// Configure EasyDMA for transmission
NRF_UARTE1->TXD.PTR = (uint32_t)data_ptr;
NRF_UARTE1->TXD.MAXCNT = length;
// Clear ENDTX event
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX = 0;
// Start transmission
NRF_UARTE1->TASKS_STARTTX = 1;
// Wait for transmission to complete (polling method)
while (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX == 0);
// Clear the event
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX = 0;
}
// Receive data using EasyDMA
void UART1_Receive(uint8_t* data_ptr, uint32_t length)
{
uint8_t Timeout = 100;
// Make sure previous reception is complete
if (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX == 0)
{
// Wait for any ongoing reception to complete
while (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_RXSTARTED != 0 && NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX == 0)
{
// If reception is ongoing, stop it
NRF_UARTE1->TASKS_STOPRX = 1;
if(--Timeout==0)break;
}
}
// Configure EasyDMA for reception
NRF_UARTE1->RXD.PTR = (uint32_t)data_ptr;
NRF_UARTE1->RXD.MAXCNT = length;
// Clear ENDRX event
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX = 0;
// Start reception
NRF_UARTE1->TASKS_STARTRX = 1;
// Wait for reception to complete (polling method)
Timeout = 100;
while (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX == 0)
{if(--Timeout==0)break;
}
// Clear the event
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX = 0;
}
#define ECG_PKT_SIZE 20
#define U1INDX 16
uint8_t U1Fifo[U1INDX][PKT_LEN],U1Wr=0,U1Rd=0,U1Due=0;
void SendDatabyBLE5()
{ uint32_t err_code;
uint16_t length = PKT_LEN;
if(U1Due>0)
{
err_code = ble_nus_data_send(&m_nus, &rx_buffer[U1Rd][0], &length, m_conn_handle);
if ((err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND))
{
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
if (err_code == NRF_SUCCESS)
{ U1Rd = (U1Rd+1) & (U1INDX-1);
U1Due--;
}
}
}
}
void UARTE1_IRQHandler(void)
{
// Handle transmission complete
if (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX != 0)
{
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDTX = 0;
}
// Handle reception complete
if (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX != 0)
{
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ENDRX = 0;
if(BLE_Connect>1) --BLE_Connect;
if(BLE_Connect==1)
{
U1Wr = ((U1Wr+1) &(U1INDX-1));
U1Due++;
if(U1Due > U1INDX)
{ U1Due = 0; U1Wr = 0; U1Rd = 0;
}
}
UART1_Receive(&rx_buffer[U1Wr][0],PKT_LEN);
}
// Handle errors
if (NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ERROR != 0)
{
NRF_UARTE1->EVENTS_ERROR = 0;
}
}
/**@brief Application main function.
*/
int main(void)
{
bool erase_bonds;
// Initialize.
// uart_init();
UART1_Init();
log_init();
timers_init();
buttons_leds_init(&erase_bonds);
nrf_gpio_cfg_output(USR_PIN); // Testing purpose
power_management_init();
ble_stack_init();
gap_params_init();
gatt_init();
services_init();
advertising_init();
conn_params_init();
#if (ENCRPTION_EN)
peer_manager_init();
#endif
// Start execution.
NRF_LOG_INFO("Debug logging for UART over RTT started.");
advertising_start(erase_bonds);
#if (BLE_SPEED_TEST ==1)
Newtimers_init();start_timers();
#else
UART1_Receive(&rx_buffer[U1Wr][0],PKT_LEN);
#endif
// Enter main loop.
for (;;)
{
#if (BLE_SPEED_TEST ==1)
if(FifoDue>0)
{ send_custom_packet();
}
#else
SendDatabyBLE5();
#endif
idle_state_handle();
}
}
/**
* @}
*/
This issue doesn't happen when I run the original ble_gls example with the same central device.
-
A timing issue or race condition with connection handle assignment?
-
Missing configuration or improper initialization of a required module like
nrf_ble_gqornrf_queue? -
Something specific to LESC pairing with mobile phones?
I am using SDK17.0.1
Any help in identifying what might be going wrong or what I should double-check in my configuration would be greatly appreciated.