HFXO (32 MHz crystal) never starts on nRF52840-CKAA (WLCSP), custom flex PCB — MPSL ASSERT: 5, 1013 while trying to initiate BLE (NCS v3.4.0)

Hardware

  • Custom flex PCB (smart-ring form factor), SoC: nRF52840-CKAA-R7 (WLCSP package)
  • Supply: nPM1100 buck (VOUTB) at 1.8 V, normal voltage mode
  • HFXO: 32 MHz crystal (X2) with 12 pF load capacitors on XC1/XC2 — exact crystal model and full schematic attached
  • Soldering and connectivity have been verified by X-ray inspection — the crystal and MCU balls show no opens, bridges, or head-in-pillow defects. This is not an assembly issue.
  • The identical firmware on our nRF52840-QFAA (QFN48) test board works normally — HFXO starts and BLE advertises.

Software

  • nRF Connect SDK v3.4.0 (Zephyr 4.4.0), SoftDevice Controller + MPSL, sysbuild
  • CONFIG_MPSL_HFCLK_LATENCY=1400 (default), CONFIG_BT=y, CONFIG_BT_PERIPHERAL=y
  • Tools: nrfjprog 10.24.2, J-Link V8.18

Symptom

The 32 MHz crystal oscillator never starts on this board.

  1. Register-level test (BLE disabled, direct register access from main()): clear EVENTS_HFCLKSTARTED, trigger TASKS_HFCLKSTART, poll — EVENTS_HFCLKSTARTED never fires (we wait 500 ms; normal startup on the QFAA board is well under 1 ms). HFCLKSTAT keeps reporting SRC=RC. The CPU runs fine on HFINT the whole time; everything else on the chip works (GPIO, SAADC, TWIM, SWD/RTT).

  2. Consequently, with CONFIG_BT=y the boot crashes ~190 ms in, during MPSL init:

<err> mpsl_init: MPSL ASSERT: 5, 1013
[00:00:00.192,169] <err> os: ***** HARD FAULT *****
[00:00:00.192,199] <err> os: ARCH_EXCEPT with reason 3
[00:00:00.192,413] <err> os: >>> ZEPHYR FATAL ERROR 3: Kernel oops on CPU 0
[00:00:00.192,443] <err> os: Fault during interrupt handling
[00:00:00.192,474] <err> os: Current thread: 0x20007f18 (idle)

The LFXO (32.768 kHz, X1) is working fine.

Attachments

HFXO manufacturer part no: X201632MKB4SI

Datasheet: https://www.lcsc.com/datasheet/C718072.pdf?spm=wm.sxq.inf.ggs&lcsc_vid=TwcIAgUAFFkIUVEFR1gKUAEFR1NXUgYDFVJXV1FUFFQxVlNeQ1FcX11RR1RXUTsOAxUeFF5JWBYZEEoBGA4JCwFIFA4DSA%3D%3D

Schematic

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