nRF9160 Low Power Modes - Entering and Measuring Current

[ERIK]

I want to double check current draw in the nRF9160 low power modes and need some help in making sure I know how to do so.

I plan to use an oscilloscope for measuring current at this time.  I understand that measuring low currents might be difficult so may need to switch to an ammeter.  I'm doing this on the nRF9160 DK 0.8.5 version.

I think the power modes I need to measure are System ON Idle, and System OFF.  I haven't had much luck finding support in the SDK on getting into the modes and am not sure if there are samples that might help.  I know the spec for the 9160 shows current draw in these modes and registers controlling the power management.

For getting into System ON Idle, I know that is entered when no application is running and when no modem transmissions are taking place.  Correct?  Is this the same mode that the 9160 would be in when in PSM sleep?  From other DevZone articles I gather that I would need to first turn the modem off; is this best accomplished via an AT command, using the AT Command Interface library?  For putting into idle, is there SDK support for that?  Sample code?

For System OFF, is there SDK support to get into that mode and any sample code?

I have read that there are times that going to System OFF to get lowest current draw may not make the most sense as the device has to re-register on the network (?) and that takes significant current.  In those cases PSM makes more sense.  How does one best go about doing the analysis to determine which is the best approach?

Thank you,

Erik

[ERIK]

Follow on question:

In the Zephyr SDK documentation, power modes are discussed:

https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/zephyr/reference/power_management/index.html?highlight=idle#power-states

Does the System ON Idle power mode equate to the Zephyr Sleep State and the System OFF power mode equate to the Zephyr Deep Sleep State?

[Håkon Alseth]

Hi,

 

There's essentially two power states (excluding CPU running):

* SystemOn mode (instructions WFE/WFI)

* SystemOff mode (NRF_REGULATORS->SYSTEMOFF)

 

The first one is dynamic, where as it can go to sleep with clocks and DMA running in the background.

The second is combinatoric, no clocks are running and you have to wake up on pin change or reset.

 

Power modes in LTE is a completely different beast in this context.

 

For getting into System ON Idle, I know that is entered when no application is running and when no modem transmissions are taking place.  Correct?  Is this the same mode that the 9160 would be in when in PSM sleep?  From other DevZone articles I gather that I would need to first turn the modem off; is this best accomplished via an AT command, using the AT Command Interface library?  For putting into idle, is there SDK support for that?  Sample code?

 The application runs asynchronous to the modem. This means that even if the application is in sleep (SystemOn Idle), the modem might be handling the LTE connection.

To put the modem in eDRX or PSM, you can use certain configurations in your application to obtain this. Please see the configuration entries in the LTE Link controller (lte_lc) driver:

https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-nrf/blob/master/drivers/lte_link_control/Kconfig#L54

 

For PSM, you can then request it in your application like this:

https://github.com/Rallare/fw-nrfconnect-nrf/blob/nrf9160_samples/samples/nrf9160/udp_with_psm/src/main.c#L112

Note that you're the slave in this scenario, what you request might not be what the network gives you.

 

For System OFF, is there SDK support to get into that mode and any sample code?

A colleague of mine made an example here:

https://github.com/sigurdnev/fw-nrfconnect-nrf/tree/master/samples/nrf9160/system_off_mode

 

I have read that there are times that going to System OFF to get lowest current draw may not make the most sense as the device has to re-register on the network (?) and that takes significant current.  In those cases PSM makes more sense.  How does one best go about doing the analysis to determine which is the best approach?

 Cycles of ATTACH and DETACH from the LTE network burns off a lot of current, and it of course depends on how often you need to send data. You can rather request PSM, with a high interval, then let the application send when it needs to. This would reduce the response time compared to doing a full ATTACH.

 

Kind regards,

Håkon

[Håkon Alseth]

Yes, that is true in the nRF5-series devices, if you look at the source code here:

https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-zephyr/blob/master/soc/arm/nordic_nrf/nrf52/power.c#L1

However; there is no such file for the nRF9160 at this time, so that library will not work for nRF9160.

k_cpu_idle() and k_sleep(..) are two implementations that runs in system on idle mode, if you want to power optimize.

 

Kind regards,

Håkon