custom DFU package

[chladm]

Hi,

I am using nRF51822, SDK 10, SoftDevice S110 v.8

I am strugling with DFU over BLE using custom DFU package.

I am able to flash bootloader and update FW with pregenerated files in SDK using nrf Connect(\dfu\ble_dfu_send_hex\test_images_update_nrf51\dfu_test_app_hrm_s110.zip).

But strugling with custom made package. Update of application is good enough for me. I do not need to update softdevice nor bootloader.

I use these commands in nrfutil:

nrfutil keys generate privatekey.pem
nrfutil pkg generate --hw-version 51 --sd-req 0x64 --application-version 4 --application nrf51422_xxac_s110.hex --key-file privatekey.pem app_dfu_package.zip

DFU fails in both nrf Connect and nRF Toolbox. Error is: disconnected by remote device .

I followed this tutorial: https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/nordic/short-range-guides/b/software-development-kit/posts/setting-up-device-firmware-updatedfu-on-the-nrf5-d

But there is not much about generating of custom DFU packages. I think problem could be signing. (I do not understand it properly and I am probably missing something... I sign the package but how does the application currently running on nRF51822 know right key?) 

Could you please guide me?

Thanks,

Mila

[Vidar Berg]

Hello,

You must use nrfutil version 0.5.x to generate DFU packages for our legacy DFU solution (ie everything pre-SDK version 12). And instructions on how to generate a legacy DFU packet can be found in the SDK documentation here: Creating an image file

Note that the legacy bootloader did not support FW signing, so the private key will not be needed.

Old nrfutil executable:

https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/cfs-file/__key/support-attachments/beef5d1b77644c448dabff31668f3a47-caeda5fe0e86403d96fd321fac1e3bfd/nrfutil.exe

[chladm]

Thank you. Right version of nrfutil helped me to create right package.

I am now able to perform DFU over BLE several times when I create packege from example project. But i do have issue with my project. I can perform DFU over BLE with my project but only once. Once my application is running I can not update it with anything.

It is modified ble_app_hrs S110 with DFU example I added Nordic UART service and app_timers for communication with sensors. I did no change to device manager, nor parts of code with compiler switch DFU.

DFU always fails with this error: [DFU] Disconnected by the remote device

Log from nrf Connect is attached. Where do you think the issue could be?

Thank you

nRF Connect, 2020-06-17
PEPA (E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D)
V	23:44:04.176	Connecting to E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D...
D	23:44:04.176	gatt = device.connectGatt(autoConnect = false, TRANSPORT_LE, preferred PHY = LE 1M)
D	23:44:04.894	[Callback] Connection state changed with status: 0 and new state: CONNECTED (2)
I	23:44:04.894	Connected to E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D
D	23:44:04.895	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
V	23:44:04.912	Discovering services...
D	23:44:04.912	gatt.discoverServices()
I	23:44:05.232	Connection parameters updated (interval: 7.5ms, latency: 0, timeout: 5000ms)
D	23:44:05.687	[Callback] Services discovered with status: 0
I	23:44:05.687	Services discovered
V	23:44:05.707	Generic Access (0x1800)
- Device Name [R W] (0x2A00)
- Appearance [R] (0x2A01)
- Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters [R] (0x2A04)
Generic Attribute (0x1801)
- Service Changed [I] (0x2A05)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
Nordic UART Service (6e400001-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
- TX Characteristic [N] (6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
- RX Characteristic [W WNR] (6e400002-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e)
Heart Rate (0x180D)
- Heart Rate Measurement [N] (0x2A37)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
- Body Sensor Location [R] (0x2A38)
Device Firmware Update Service (00001530-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
- DFU Packet [WNR] (00001532-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
- DFU Control Point [N W] (00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
   Client Characteristic Configuration (0x2902)
- DFU Version [R] (00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
D	23:44:05.707	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00002a05-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, true)
D	23:44:05.710	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(6e400003-b5a3-f393-e0a9-e50e24dcca9e, true)
D	23:44:05.712	gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00002a37-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, true)
I	23:44:05.738	Connection parameters updated (interval: 48.75ms, latency: 0, timeout: 5000ms)
I	23:44:15.617	Connection parameters updated (interval: 1998.75ms, latency: 0, timeout: 32000ms)
V	23:44:16.554	Reading characteristic 00002a38-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
D	23:44:16.554	gatt.readCharacteristic(00002a38-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
I	23:44:21.190	Read Response received from 00002a38-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value: (0x) 03
A	23:44:21.190	"Finger" received
V	23:44:34.104	[DFU] DFU service started
V	23:44:34.104	[DFU] Opening file...
I	23:44:34.104	[DFU] Firmware file opened successfully
V	23:44:34.104	[DFU] Connecting to DFU target...
D	23:44:34.107	[DFU] gatt = device.connectGatt(autoConnect = false)
I	23:44:34.110	[DFU] Connected to E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D
V	23:44:34.111	[DFU] Discovering services...
D	23:44:34.111	[DFU] gatt.discoverServices()
I	23:44:34.113	[DFU] Services discovered
D	23:44:34.120	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:44:35.117	[DFU] Reading DFU version number...
D	23:44:35.117	[DFU] gatt.readCharacteristic(00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
I	23:44:37.163	[DFU] Read Response received from 00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
A	23:44:37.163	[DFU] Version number read: 0.1
W	23:44:37.165	[DFU] Application with buttonless update found
V	23:44:37.165	[DFU] Jumping to the DFU Bootloader...
V	23:44:37.165	[DFU] Enabling notifications for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:44:37.165	[DFU] gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, true)
D	23:44:37.166	[DFU] gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x01-00)
I	23:44:41.161	[DFU] Data written to descr.00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
V	23:44:41.161	[DFU] Notifications enabled for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
A	23:44:41.161	[DFU] Notifications enabled
D	23:44:41.161	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:44:42.178	[DFU] Writing to characteristic 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:44:42.178	[DFU] gatt.writeCharacteristic(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
D	23:45:12.175	[Callback] Connection state changed with status: 22 and new state: DISCONNECTED (0)
E	23:45:12.175	Error 22 (0x16): GATT CONN TERMINATE LOCAL HOST
I	23:45:12.175	Disconnected
A	23:45:12.175	[DFU] Jump to bootloader sent (Op Code = 1, Upload Mode = 4)
I	23:45:12.176	[DFU] Disconnected by the remote device
D	23:45:12.203	[DFU] gatt.refresh() (hidden)
D	23:45:12.203	[DFU] gatt.close()
V	23:45:12.213	[DFU] DFU service started
I	23:45:12.213	[DFU] Firmware file opened successfully
D	23:45:12.213	[DFU] wait(1000)
D	23:45:13.214	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:14.217	[DFU] Connecting to DFU target...
D	23:45:14.258	[DFU] gatt = device.connectGatt(autoConnect = false)
D	23:45:15.177	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED
D	23:45:15.183	[DFU] [Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED
D	23:45:16.361	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
D	23:45:16.362	[DFU] [Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
I	23:45:16.369	[DFU] Connected to E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D
V	23:45:16.369	[DFU] Discovering services...
D	23:45:16.369	[DFU] gatt.discoverServices()
I	23:45:17.210	[DFU] Services discovered
D	23:45:17.227	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:18.219	[DFU] Reading DFU version number...
D	23:45:18.219	[DFU] gatt.readCharacteristic(00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
I	23:45:18.307	[DFU] Read Response received from 00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
A	23:45:18.308	[DFU] Version number read: 0.1
W	23:45:18.309	[DFU] Application with buttonless update found
V	23:45:18.309	[DFU] Jumping to the DFU Bootloader...
V	23:45:18.309	[DFU] Enabling notifications for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:45:18.309	[DFU] gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, true)
D	23:45:18.311	[DFU] gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x01-00)
I	23:45:18.405	[DFU] Data written to descr.00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
V	23:45:18.405	[DFU] Notifications enabled for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
A	23:45:18.405	[DFU] Notifications enabled
D	23:45:18.405	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:19.426	[DFU] Writing to characteristic 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:45:19.426	[DFU] gatt.writeCharacteristic(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
A	23:45:19.478	[DFU] Jump to bootloader sent (Op Code = 1, Upload Mode = 4)
I	23:45:19.586	[DFU] Disconnected by the remote device
D	23:45:19.587	[DFU] gatt.refresh() (hidden)
D	23:45:19.588	[DFU] gatt.close()
D	23:45:19.589	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED
D	23:45:19.592	[DFU] [Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED
V	23:45:19.597	[DFU] DFU service started
I	23:45:19.597	[DFU] Firmware file opened successfully
D	23:45:19.597	[DFU] wait(1000)
D	23:45:20.598	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:21.602	[DFU] Connecting to DFU target...
D	23:45:21.639	[DFU] gatt = device.connectGatt(autoConnect = false)
D	23:45:22.113	[Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
D	23:45:22.114	[DFU] [Broadcast] Action received: android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED
I	23:45:22.117	[DFU] Connected to E2:E3:43:E4:49:7D
V	23:45:22.118	[DFU] Discovering services...
D	23:45:22.118	[DFU] gatt.discoverServices()
I	23:45:22.915	[DFU] Services discovered
D	23:45:22.943	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:23.946	[DFU] Reading DFU version number...
D	23:45:23.946	[DFU] gatt.readCharacteristic(00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
I	23:45:24.011	[DFU] Read Response received from 00001534-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
A	23:45:24.011	[DFU] Version number read: 0.1
W	23:45:24.013	[DFU] Application with buttonless update found
V	23:45:24.013	[DFU] Jumping to the DFU Bootloader...
V	23:45:24.013	[DFU] Enabling notifications for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:45:24.013	[DFU] gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, true)
D	23:45:24.016	[DFU] gatt.writeDescriptor(00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb, value=0x01-00)
I	23:45:24.109	[DFU] Data written to descr.00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123, value (0x): 01-00
V	23:45:24.109	[DFU] Notifications enabled for 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
A	23:45:24.109	[DFU] Notifications enabled
D	23:45:24.109	[DFU] wait(1000)
V	23:45:25.127	[DFU] Writing to characteristic 00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123
D	23:45:25.127	[DFU] gatt.writeCharacteristic(00001531-1212-efde-1523-785feabcd123)
A	23:45:25.180	[DFU] Jump to bootloader sent (Op Code = 1, Upload Mode = 4)
I	23:45:25.290	[DFU] Disconnected by the remote device

[Vidar Berg]

chladm said:

DFU always fails with this error: [DFU] Disconnected by the remote device

This indicates that the device is not entering bootloader DFU mode as it's supposed to. I suggest you try to debug the application while sending the DFU start command and see if the program reaches bootloader_start() in dfu_app_handler.c

[chladm]

It reaches bootloader_start() function.

It reaches the end of this function but I realized err_code = sd_ble_gatts_sys_attr_get(...);  does not return NRF_SUCCESS. I do not know if it is a problem.

[Vidar Berg]

Thanks for confirming. Have you enabled the service changed characteristic in your application like in the ble_app_hrs_with_dfu example (this line: ble_enable_params.gatts_enable_params.service_changed = IS_SRVC_CHANGED_CHARACT_PRESENT;)?

You may also consider commenting out the call to "dfu_app_peer_data_set" in bootloader_start(). This will make the bootloader advertise openly (no whitelisting or directed advertising)

[chladm]

It is enabled.

ble_enable_params.gatts_enable_params.service_changed = IS_SRVC_CHANGED_CHARACT_PRESENT;

IS_SRVC_CHANGED_CHARACT_PRESENT is defined as 1

I tried to comment "dfu_app_peer_data_set()" but do not see any difference. Still not successfull

[Vidar Berg]

Please check if the device advertises in normal app mode or DFU mode after you have received the error. You can usually tell what mode it is based on the device name it advertises. If it's in DFU mode, you can try to re-connect and complete the DFU.

[chladm]

It advertises in DFU mode while trying to do DFU. But keeps failing even after connecting to DFU-Targ

[chladm]

WDT was the issue. I had it configured as "NRF_WDT_BEHAVIOUR_RUN_SLEEP".

I changed it to "NRF_WDT_BEHAVIOUR_PAUSE_SLEEP_HALT" now everything works.

Thanks