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CppUTest Compile for Test Driven Development in the nRF52

Hi there,

I want to use CppUTest on the nRF52 to start developing my personal and not so personal projects. I am using the SDK for nRF52, with PCA10040's board. For the moment, I am trying to compile blinky's blank example using armgcc. 

I modified the example's main.c -> main.cpp to include CppUTest libraries:

extern "C" {
    #include <stdbool.h>
    #include <stdint.h>
    #include "nrf_delay.h"
    #include "boards.h"
}

#include "CommandLineTestRunner.h"

IMPORT_TEST_GROUP(Dummy);
/**
 * @brief Function for application main entry.
 */
int main(void)
{
    char test[] = "Dummy";
    int argc = 2;
    char* argv = (char*) test;
    RUN_ALL_TESTS(argc, &argv);

    /* Configure board. */
    bsp_board_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS);

    /* Toggle LEDs. */
    while (true)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < LEDS_NUMBER; i++)
        {
            bsp_board_led_invert(i);
            nrf_delay_ms(500);
        }
    }
}

An I also modified the pca10040/blank/armgcc/Makefile to include CppUTest header files and static .a libraries:

PROJECT_NAME     := blinky_pca10040
TARGETS          := nrf52832_xxaa
OUTPUT_DIRECTORY := _build

SDK_ROOT := ../../../../../..
PROJ_DIR := ../../..
SDK_CppUTest := $(SDK_ROOT)/../../cpputestbuild/

$(OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/nrf52832_xxaa.out: \
  LINKER_SCRIPT  := blinky_gcc_nrf52.ld

# Source files common to all targets
SRC_FILES += \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/mdk/gcc_startup_nrf52.S \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/log/src/nrf_log_frontend.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/log/src/nrf_log_str_formatter.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/boards/boards.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util/app_error.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util/app_error_handler_gcc.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util/app_error_weak.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util/app_util_platform.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util/nrf_assert.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/atomic/nrf_atomic.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/balloc/nrf_balloc.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/external/fprintf/nrf_fprintf.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/external/fprintf/nrf_fprintf_format.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/memobj/nrf_memobj.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/ringbuf/nrf_ringbuf.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/strerror/nrf_strerror.c \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/soc/nrfx_atomic.c \
  $(PROJ_DIR)/main.cpp \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/mdk/system_nrf52.c \

# Include folders common to all targets
INC_FOLDERS += \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/mdk \
  $(PROJ_DIR) \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/strerror \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/toolchain/cmsis/include \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/util \
  ../config \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/balloc \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/ringbuf \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/hal \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/bsp \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/log \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/experimental_section_vars \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/delay \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/integration/nrfx \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/drivers_nrf/nrf_soc_nosd \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/atomic \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/boards \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/memobj \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/external/fprintf \
  $(SDK_ROOT)/components/libraries/log/src \
  $(SDK_CppUTest)/ \

# Libraries common to all targets
LIB_FILES += \
  $(SDK_CppUTest)/libCppUTest.a \
  $(SDK_CppUTest)/libCppUTestExt.a  \

# Optimization flags
OPT = -O3 -g3
# Uncomment the line below to enable link time optimization
#OPT += -flto

# C flags common to all targets
CFLAGS += $(OPT)
CFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10040
CFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
CFLAGS += -DCONFIG_GPIO_AS_PINRESET
CFLAGS += -DFLOAT_ABI_HARD
CFLAGS += -DNRF52
CFLAGS += -DNRF52832_XXAA
CFLAGS += -DNRF52_PAN_74
CFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m4
CFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs
CFLAGS += -Wall -Werror
CFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
# keep every function in a separate section, this allows linker to discard unused ones
CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-strict-aliasing
CFLAGS += -fno-builtin -fshort-enums

# C++ flags common to all targets
CXXFLAGS += $(OPT)
# Assembler flags common to all targets
ASMFLAGS += -g3
ASMFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m4
ASMFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs
ASMFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
ASMFLAGS += -DBOARD_PCA10040
ASMFLAGS += -DBSP_DEFINES_ONLY
ASMFLAGS += -DCONFIG_GPIO_AS_PINRESET
ASMFLAGS += -DFLOAT_ABI_HARD
ASMFLAGS += -DNRF52
ASMFLAGS += -DNRF52832_XXAA
ASMFLAGS += -DNRF52_PAN_74

# Linker flags
LDFLAGS += $(OPT)
LDFLAGS += -mthumb -mabi=aapcs -L$(SDK_ROOT)/modules/nrfx/mdk -T$(LINKER_SCRIPT)
LDFLAGS += -mcpu=cortex-m4
LDFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
# let linker dump unused sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--gc-sections
# use newlib in nano version
LDFLAGS += --specs=nano.specs

nrf52832_xxaa: CFLAGS += -D__HEAP_SIZE=8192
nrf52832_xxaa: CFLAGS += -D__STACK_SIZE=8192
nrf52832_xxaa: ASMFLAGS += -D__HEAP_SIZE=8192
nrf52832_xxaa: ASMFLAGS += -D__STACK_SIZE=8192

# Add standard libraries at the very end of the linker input, after all objects
# that may need symbols provided by these libraries.
LIB_FILES += -lc -lnosys -lm


.PHONY: default help

# Default target - first one defined
default: nrf52832_xxaa

# Print all targets that can be built
help:
	@echo following targets are available:
	@echo		nrf52832_xxaa
	@echo		sdk_config - starting external tool for editing sdk_config.h
	@echo		flash      - flashing binary

TEMPLATE_PATH := $(SDK_ROOT)/components/toolchain/gcc


include $(TEMPLATE_PATH)/Makefile.common

$(foreach target, $(TARGETS), $(call define_target, $(target)))

.PHONY: flash erase

# Flash the program
flash: default
	@echo Flashing: $(OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/nrf52832_xxaa.hex
	nrfjprog -f nrf52 --program $(OUTPUT_DIRECTORY)/nrf52832_xxaa.hex --sectorerase
	nrfjprog -f nrf52 --reset

erase:
	nrfjprog -f nrf52 --eraseall

SDK_CONFIG_FILE := ../config/sdk_config.h
CMSIS_CONFIG_TOOL := $(SDK_ROOT)/external_tools/cmsisconfig/CMSIS_Configuration_Wizard.jar
sdk_config:
	java -jar $(CMSIS_CONFIG_TOOL) $(SDK_CONFIG_FILE)

Technically the makefile knows what is needed, however I am having troubles with the linker script, which complains:

Compiling file: main.cpp
Linking target: _build/nrf52832_xxaa.out
../../../../../../../../cpputestbuild//libCppUTest.a: error adding symbols: File format not recognized
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
../../../../../../components/toolchain/gcc/Makefile.common:292: recipe for target '_build/nrf52832_xxaa.out' failed
make: *** [_build/nrf52832_xxaa.out] Error 1

I am really newbie with linker scripts so I am not sure what this message actually means. Googling around I found someone commenting on the linker not being able to read the library? Perhaps you guys could please help me? I am not sure how to proceed, and perhaps someone has solved this issue before.

Thank you,
Pablo G

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