nRF9160 custom board cannot register to network

Hi,

My name is Alexandre and I am currently working on a GNSS tracker project.

I want to use the nRF9160 to connect to LTE-M network only and I am using an external GNSS for tracking.

I started on a devkit with the SLM app and everything works fine, I can connect and register to the network and send HTTP requests using LTE monitor.

Now I am switching to my custom board using the same SIM where the nRF9160 is used as a modem only component controlled by an ESP32 and I cannot register to the network.

You can the log file attached. I tried to replicate the same AT command sequence as the LTE monitor with "automatic requests" enabled.

The problem could come from the hardware as this is the first version of the board and antenna impedance has not be matched yet (only 0R resistor between MCU and antenna). You can find attached an extract of the schematic.

But it could also come from the software as I am not yet really familiar with nRF Connect SDK and Zephyr (Github link to project)


I really don't know where to start searching in order to identify the root cause of the issue.

Any help or advise would be appreciated. Thanks.

Regards

3005.custom_nRF9160_board_schematic.pdf

[15:39:02] >>> AT
[15:39:03] <<< OK

[15:39:20] >>> AT%XSYSTEMMODE=1,0,0,1
[15:39:21] <<< OK

[15:39:26] >>> AT+CFUN?
[15:39:26] <<< +CFUN: 0
[15:39:26] <<< OK

[15:39:38] >>> AT+CGSN=1
[15:39:38] <<< +CGSN: "351358814861545"
[15:39:38] <<< OK

[15:39:41] >>> AT+CGMI
[15:39:42] <<< Nordic Semiconductor ASA
[15:39:42] <<< OK

[15:39:46] >>> AT+CGMM
[15:39:46] <<< nRF9160-SICA
[15:39:46] <<< OK

[15:39:49] >>> AT+CGMR
[15:39:50] <<< mfw_nrf9160_1.2.0
[15:39:50] <<< OK

[15:39:54] >>> AT+CEMODE?
[15:39:54] <<< +CEMODE: 2
[15:39:54] <<< OK

[15:39:58] >>> AT%XCBAND=?
[15:39:58] <<< %XCBAND: (1,2,3,4,5,8,12,13,17,18,19,20,25,26,28,66)
[15:39:58] <<< OK

[15:40:04] >>> AT+CMEE?
[15:40:04] <<< +CMEE: 0
[15:40:04] <<< OK

[15:40:07] >>> AT+CMEE=1
[15:40:08] <<< OK

[15:40:13] >>> AT+CNEC=24
[15:40:13] <<< OK

[15:40:19] >>> AT+CGEREP?
[15:40:19] <<< +CGEREP: 0,0
[15:40:19] <<< OK

[15:40:23] >>> AT+CGDCONT?
[15:40:24] <<< OK

[15:40:34] >>> AT+CGDCONT=0,"IP","hologram"
[15:40:35] <<< OK

[15:40:42] >>> AT+CGDCONT?
[15:40:42] <<< +CGDCONT: 0,"IP","hologram","",0,0
[15:40:42] <<< OK

[15:40:49] >>> AT+CGACT?
[15:40:50] <<< +CGACT: 0,0
[15:40:50] <<< OK

[15:40:58] >>> AT+CGEREP=1
[15:40:59] <<< OK

[15:41:02] >>> AT+CIND=1,1,1
[15:41:03] <<< OK

[15:41:07] >>> AT+CEREG=5
[15:41:07] <<< OK

[15:41:20] >>> AT%CESQ=1
[15:41:20] <<< OK

[15:41:37] >>> AT+COPS=3,2
[15:41:38] <<< OK

[15:42:09] >>> AT+COPS?
[15:42:09] <<< +COPS: 0
[15:42:09] <<< OK

[15:42:18] >>> AT+CFUN=1
[15:42:21] <<< OK

[15:42:25] >>> AT+COPS?
[15:42:26] <<< +COPS: 0
[15:42:26] <<< OK

[15:42:41] >>> AT+CPIN?
[15:42:43] <<< +CPIN: READY
[15:42:43] <<< OK

[15:42:48] >>> AT+CPINR="SIM PIN"
[15:42:49] <<< +CPINR: "SIM PIN",3
[15:42:49] <<< OK

[15:42:57] >>> AT+CIMI
[15:42:57] <<< 234500007347745
[15:42:57] <<< OK

[15:43:23] <<< %CESQ: 26,1,20,2
[15:43:23] <<< +CEREG: 2,"C163","00005A06",7,0,0,"11100000","11100000"
[15:43:28] <<< %CESQ: 26,1,14,2

[15:43:35] >>> AT+COPS?
[15:43:36] <<< +COPS: 0
[15:43:36] <<< OK

[15:43:58] <<< +CEREG: 2,"FFFE","FFFFFFFF",7,0,0,"11100000","11100000"
[15:44:06] <<< +CEREG: 2,"0004","00BABE04",7,0,0,"11100000","11100000"
[15:44:10] <<< %CESQ: 21,1,14,2
[15:44:32] <<< +CEREG: 2,"FFFE","FFFFFFFF",7,0,0,"11100000","11100000"
[15:44:35] <<< %CESQ: 255,0,255,0
[15:44:52] <<< %CESQ: 9,0,0,0
[15:44:52] <<< +CEREG: 2,"0004","00999A04",7,0,0,"11100000","11100000"
[15:44:55] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,0,0
[15:44:56] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,5,0
[15:45:49] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,0,0
[15:45:58] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,5,0
[15:46:41] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,0,0
[15:46:50] <<< %CESQ: 15,0,5,0
[15:47:03] <<< %CESQ: 7,0,20,2
[15:47:04] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,3,0
[15:47:43] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,8,1
[15:48:14] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,2,0
[15:48:26] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,7,1
[15:48:39] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,2,0
[15:48:53] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,7,1
[15:49:25] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,2,0
[15:49:27] <<< %CESQ: 14,0,7,1
[15:50:35] <<< %CESQ: 19,0,13,1

Parents
  • Hi,

     

    Your RSRP is pretty low, at best around -115 dBm, but the avg. level is -125 dBm.

    This will give you problems.

    Have you tried the SIM card with a nRF9160-DK to see if you're able to successfully connect to the network then?

     

    Also, if you're using nRF9160 Rev 2, you must update to a newer mfw version, as indicated in this informational notice:

    https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/pdf/pcn_134_v1.0.1.pdf?cp=2_0_2_5

     

    Kind regards,

    Håkon

  • Hi and thanks for your reply,

    Ok so it looks like this is a hardware related problem ?

    Yes I tried with a nRF9160-DK and I don't have any problem to connect to the network (you can the the details in the attached log file).

    According to the the AT%HWVERSION command and marking labels I have a Rev1 that's why I only upgraded to modem fw v1.2.0.

    2022-08-31T07:19:12.282Z DEBUG Application data folder: /home/alexandre/.config/nrfconnect/pc-nrfconnect-linkmonitor
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.381Z INFO Using nrf-device-lib-js version: 0.4.11
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.381Z INFO Using nrf-device-lib version: 0.11.8
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.382Z INFO Using nrfjprog DLL version: 10.15.4
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.382Z INFO Using JLink version: JLink_V7.66g
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.405Z DEBUG App pc-nrfconnect-linkmonitor v2.0.1 official
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.406Z DEBUG App path: /home/alexandre/.nrfconnect-apps/node_modules/pc-nrfconnect-linkmonitor
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.406Z DEBUG nRFConnect 3.11.1, required by the app is (^3.8.0)
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.406Z DEBUG nRFConnect path: /tmp/.mount_nrfcon7DE906/resources/app.asar
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.406Z DEBUG HomeDir: /home/alexandre
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.406Z DEBUG TmpDir: /tmp
    2022-08-31T07:19:12.407Z INFO Installed JLink version does not match the provided version (V7.58b)
    2022-08-31T07:19:16.545Z INFO Modem port is opened
    2022-08-31T07:19:16.567Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN?
    2022-08-31T07:19:18.987Z INFO Modem port is closed
    2022-08-31T07:19:19.076Z INFO Modem port is opened
    2022-08-31T07:19:19.096Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN?
    2022-08-31T07:19:19.121Z DEBUG modem << +CFUN: 0
    2022-08-31T07:19:19.125Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:19:48.755Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN?
    2022-08-31T07:19:48.782Z DEBUG modem << +CFUN: 0
    2022-08-31T07:19:48.799Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:19:52.231Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN=1
    2022-08-31T07:19:52.297Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:10.315Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:10.348Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:30.962Z DEBUG modem >> AT
    2022-08-31T07:20:30.993Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.579Z DEBUG modem >> AT
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.598Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.773Z DEBUG modem >> AT
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.804Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.952Z DEBUG modem >> AT
    2022-08-31T07:20:31.980Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.170Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CFUN?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.194Z DEBUG modem << +CFUN: 1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.214Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.224Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGSN=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.242Z DEBUG modem << +CGSN: "352656100044281"
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.244Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.251Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGMI
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.273Z DEBUG modem << Nordic Semiconductor ASA
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.276Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.285Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGMM
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.305Z DEBUG modem << nRF9160-SICA
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.307Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.310Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGMR
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.337Z DEBUG modem << mfw_nrf9160_1.2.0
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.340Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.342Z INFO Nordic Semiconductor ASA nRF9160-SICA [mfw_nrf9160_1.2.0] SerNr: 352656100044281
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.350Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CEMODE?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.369Z DEBUG modem << +CEMODE: 2
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.384Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.405Z DEBUG modem >> AT%XCBAND=?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.443Z DEBUG modem << %XCBAND: (1,2,3,4,5,8,12,13,17,18,19,20,25,26,28,66)
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.446Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.464Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CMEE?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.490Z DEBUG modem << +CMEE: 0
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.493Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.500Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CMEE=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.522Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.526Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CNEC?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.554Z DEBUG modem << +CNEC: 0
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.556Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.560Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CNEC=24
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.586Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.589Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGEREP?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.618Z DEBUG modem << +CGEREP: 0,0
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.620Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.623Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGDCONT?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.649Z DEBUG modem << +CGDCONT: 0,"IP","hologram","10.155.14.64",0,0
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.652Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.672Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGACT?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.699Z DEBUG modem << +CGACT: 0,1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.702Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.718Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGEREP=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.746Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.750Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CIND=1,1,1
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.776Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.785Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CEREG=5
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.808Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.817Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CEREG?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.856Z DEBUG modem << +CEREG: 5,5,"0883","00BA0306",7,,,"11100000","11100000"
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.858Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.874Z DEBUG modem >> AT+COPS=3,2
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.903Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.906Z DEBUG modem >> AT+COPS?
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.935Z DEBUG modem << +COPS: 0,2,"20801",7
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.938Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.956Z DEBUG modem >> AT%XCBAND
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.982Z DEBUG modem << %XCBAND: 20
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.984Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:44.997Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGDCONT?
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.030Z DEBUG modem << +CGDCONT: 0,"IP","hologram","10.155.14.64",0,0
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.032Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.042Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CGACT?
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.061Z DEBUG modem << +CGACT: 0,1
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.067Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.083Z DEBUG modem >> AT%CESQ=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.109Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.119Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CESQ
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.157Z DEBUG modem << +CESQ: 99,99,255,255,4,37
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.160Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.193Z DEBUG modem >> AT%XSIM=1
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.220Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.224Z DEBUG modem >> AT%XSIM?
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.252Z DEBUG modem << %XSIM: 1
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.254Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.270Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CPIN?
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.300Z DEBUG modem << +CPIN: READY
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.303Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.319Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CPINR="SIM PIN"
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.348Z DEBUG modem << +CPINR: "SIM PIN",3
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.350Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.359Z DEBUG modem >> AT+CIMI
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.380Z DEBUG modem << 234500007347745
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.382Z DEBUG modem << OK
    2022-08-31T07:20:45.386Z INFO IMSIdentity: 234500007347745
    

  • Hi,

     

    You can update to the latest mfw v1.2 branch, which is v1.2.7:

    https://www.nordicsemi.com/-/media/Software-and-other-downloads/Dev-Kits/nRF9160-DK/nRF9160-modem-FW/mfw_nrf9160_1.2.7.zip

     

    The log that you attached with the DK has an RSRP of approx. -103 dBm (-140 + 37), so a difference of 20 dB in the signal strength from your custom design. Given the 0-ohm resistors in the antenna path, it indicates a detuned antenna path.

     

    For testing purposes at this time, you can try to move closer to the cell tower to see if you're able to successfully connect with your custom board, but I would recommend that you look into tuning the antenna sooner.

     

    Kind regards,

    Håkon

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