52840 SDK v17.1 Linker Errors Building DFU Bootloader

[davidb]

I am working on a 52840 platform DFU bootloader.

I get linker errors I cant seem to fix:

undefined reference to `crc32_compute', 

Bootloader/nrf_bootloader_info.o:C:\dev\\sdk\components\libraries\bootloader/nrf_bootloader_info.c:57: undefined reference to `_vectors'

in function `Reset_Handler': undefined reference to `nRFInitialize'

undefined reference to `nrfx_spi_init'

Lots of other errors not shown.

I attached flash placement file.

I'm using SEGGER IDE v5.42a

Fullscreen 0842.flash_placement.xml Download

<!DOCTYPE Linker_Placement_File>
<Root name="Flash Section Placement">
  <MemorySegment name="FLASH" start="$(FLASH_PH_START)" size="$(FLASH_PH_SIZE)">
    <ProgramSection load="no" name=".reserved_flash" start="$(FLASH_PH_START)" size="$(FLASH_START)-$(FLASH_PH_START)" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="0x100" load="Yes" name=".vectors" start="$(FLASH_START)" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".init" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".init_rodata" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".text" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".log_const_data" inputsections="*(SORT(.log_const_data*))" address_symbol="__start_log_const_data" end_symbol="__stop_log_const_data" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".dfu_trans" inputsections="*(SORT(.dfu_trans*))" address_symbol="__start_dfu_trans" end_symbol="__stop_dfu_trans" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".svc_data" inputsections="*(.svc_data*)" address_symbol="__start_svc_data" end_symbol="__stop_svc_data" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".sdh_ble_observers" inputsections="*(SORT(.sdh_ble_observers*))" address_symbol="__start_sdh_ble_observers" end_symbol="__stop_sdh_ble_observers" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".sdh_req_observers" inputsections="*(SORT(.sdh_req_observers*))" address_symbol="__start_sdh_req_observers" end_symbol="__stop_sdh_req_observers" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".sdh_state_observers" inputsections="*(SORT(.sdh_state_observers*))" address_symbol="__start_sdh_state_observers" end_symbol="__stop_sdh_state_observers" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".sdh_stack_observers" inputsections="*(SORT(.sdh_stack_observers*))" address_symbol="__start_sdh_stack_observers" end_symbol="__stop_sdh_stack_observers" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".sdh_soc_observers" inputsections="*(SORT(.sdh_soc_observers*))" address_symbol="__start_sdh_soc_observers" end_symbol="__stop_sdh_soc_observers" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".nrf_sections" address_symbol="__start_nrf_sections" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".log_dynamic_data"  inputsections="*(SORT(.log_dynamic_data*))" runin=".log_dynamic_data_run"/>
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".fs_data"  inputsections="*(.fs_data*)" runin=".fs_data_run"/>
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".dtors" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".ctors" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".rodata" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" name=".ARM.exidx" address_symbol="__exidx_start" end_symbol="__exidx_end" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" runin=".fast_run" name=".fast" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" runin=".data_run" name=".data" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="Yes" runin=".tdata_run" name=".tdata" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".nrf_balloc" inputsections="*(.nrf_balloc*)" address_symbol="__start_nrf_balloc" end_symbol="__stop_nrf_balloc" />
  </MemorySegment>
  <MemorySegment name="RAM1" start="$(RAM_PH_START)" size="$(RAM_PH_SIZE)">
    <ProgramSection load="no" name=".reserved_ram" start="$(RAM_PH_START)" size="$(RAM_START)-$(RAM_PH_START)" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="0x100" load="No" name=".vectors_ram" start="$(RAM_START)" address_symbol="__app_ram_start__"/>
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".nrf_sections_run" address_symbol="__start_nrf_sections_run" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".log_dynamic_data_run" address_symbol="__start_log_dynamic_data" end_symbol="__stop_log_dynamic_data" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".fs_data_run" address_symbol="__start_fs_data" end_symbol="__stop_fs_data" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".nrf_sections_run_end" address_symbol="__end_nrf_sections_run" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".fast_run" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".data_run" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".tdata_run" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".bss" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".tbss" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" load="No" name=".non_init" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" size="__HEAPSIZE__" load="No" name=".heap" />
    <ProgramSection alignment="8" size="__STACKSIZE__" load="No" place_from_segment_end="Yes" name=".stack"  address_symbol="__StackLimit" end_symbol="__StackTop"/>
    <ProgramSection alignment="8" size="__STACKSIZE_PROCESS__" load="No" name=".stack_process" />
  </MemorySegment>
  <MemorySegment name="bootloader_settings_page" start="0x0007F000" size="0x1000">
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".bootloader_settings_page" address_symbol="__start_bootloader_settings_page" end_symbol="__stop_bootloader_settings_page" start = "0x0007F000" size="0x1000" />
  </MemorySegment>
  <MemorySegment name="mbr_params_page" start="0x0007E000" size="0x1000">
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="No" name=".mbr_params_page" address_symbol="__start_mbr_params_page" end_symbol="__stop_mbr_params_page" start = "0x0007E000" size="0x1000" />
  </MemorySegment>
  <MemorySegment name="uicr_bootloader_start_address" start="0x10001014" size="0x4">
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".uicr_bootloader_start_address" address_symbol="__start_uicr_bootloader_start_address" end_symbol="__stop_uicr_bootloader_start_address" start = "0x10001014" size="0x4" />
  </MemorySegment>
  <MemorySegment name="uicr_mbr_params_page" start="0x10001018" size="0x4">
    <ProgramSection alignment="4" keep="Yes" load="Yes" name=".uicr_mbr_params_page" address_symbol="__start_uicr_mbr_params_page" end_symbol="__stop_uicr_mbr_params_page" start = "0x10001018" size="0x4" />
  </MemorySegment>
</Root>

[Einar Thorsrud]

Hi,

It seems like you are missing some important files (nRFInitialize for instance is in the startup file, so that would be ses_startup_nrf52840.s if using the nRF52840 and Segger Embedded STudio ). I suggest you refer to a bootloader example to see all the files that are needed (or even better, start your project by copying an example and modifying that, instead of starting from scratch if that is what you have done).

[davidb]

I started from a previous projects segger solution file which was based on an older sdk version. We use sdk v17.1 now so getting this to compile is not easy.

How can I start a project with an example bootloader like pca10056_s140_ble while usig segger? The platform is based on an82540.

[davidb]

I have done as you suggested - started a new bootloader project based on secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056 Segger IDE solution. I built it but it fails due to linker errors:

Rebuilding ‘secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056’ from solution ‘secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056’ in configuration ‘Release’
Assembling ‘thumb_crt0.s’
Compiling ‘nrf_log_frontend.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_log_str_formatter.c’
Compiling ‘app_error_weak.c’
Compiling ‘app_scheduler.c’
Compiling ‘app_util_platform.c’
Compiling ‘crc32.c’
Compiling ‘mem_manager.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_assert.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_atfifo.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_atomic.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_balloc.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_fprintf.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_fprintf_format.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_fstorage.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_fstorage_nvmc.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_fstorage_sd.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_memobj.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_queue.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_ringbuf.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_section_iter.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_strerror.c’
Compiling ‘pb_common.c’
Compiling ‘pb_decode.c’
Compiling ‘cc310_bl_backend_ecc.c’
Compiling ‘cc310_bl_backend_ecdsa.c’
Compiling ‘cc310_bl_backend_hash.c’
Compiling ‘cc310_bl_backend_init.c’
Compiling ‘cc310_bl_backend_shared.c’
Compiling ‘boards.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_sdh.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_sdh_ble.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_sdh_soc.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_nvmc.c’
Compiling ‘nrfx_atomic.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_crypto_ecc.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_crypto_ecdsa.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_crypto_hash.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_crypto_init.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_crypto_shared.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_svci.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_svci_handler.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_svc_handler.c’
Compiling ‘ble_srv_common.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_app_start.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_app_start_final.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_dfu_timers.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_fw_activation.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_info.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_bootloader_wdt.c’
Assembling ‘ses_startup_nrf52840.s’
Assembling ‘ses_startup_nrf_common.s’
Compiling ‘system_nrf52840.c’
Compiling ‘dfu-cc.pb.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_ble.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_flash.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_handling_error.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_mbr.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_req_handler.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_settings.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_settings_svci.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_transport.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_utils.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_validation.c’
Compiling ‘nrf_dfu_ver_validation.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_chacha_poly_aead.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_ecc.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_ecdh.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_ecdsa.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_hash.c’
Compiling ‘oberon_backend_hmac.c’
Compiling ‘dfu_public_key.c’
Compiling ‘main.c’
Generating linker script ‘secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056.ld’
Linking secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056.elf
.text is larger than specified size
.rodata is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.rodata is larger than specified size
.data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
section .tdata overlaps absolute placed section .mbr_params_page
section .mbr_params_page VMA [00000000000fe000,00000000000fefff] overlaps section .text VMA [00000000000f83b8,00000000000fea2f]
section .crypto_data VMA [00000000000fea30,00000000000fea37] overlaps section .mbr_params_page VMA [00000000000fe000,00000000000fefff]
section .bootloader_settings_page VMA [00000000000ff000,00000000000fffff] overlaps section .rodata VMA [00000000000feb28,00000000001005ab]
Output/Release/Obj/secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056/main.o: in function `main':
undefined reference to `nrf_log_default_backends_init'
Build failed

[davidb]

Some debug output:

Generating linker script ‘secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056.ld’
Linking secure_bootloader_ble_s140_pca10056.elf
.text is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.text is larger than specified size
.crypto_data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.dfu_trans is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.svc_data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.log_const_data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.nrf_balloc is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.sdh_ble_observers is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.sdh_req_observers is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.sdh_state_observers is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.sdh_stack_observers is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.sdh_soc_observers is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.fs_data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.rodata is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
.rodata is larger than specified size
.data is too large to fit in FLASH1 memory segment
section .tdata overlaps absolute placed section .mbr_params_page
section .mbr_params_page VMA [00000000000fe000,00000000000fefff] overlaps section .text VMA [00000000000f83b8,0000000000104127]
Build failed

FLASH1 size seems way too small. I have not added any of my own code to this project. This is just the code that came with the example. Config file attached.

1452.sdk_config.h

[Einar Thorsrud]

Hi,

These linker warnings indicate that the bootloader is too large to fit in the assigned memory region. When I test, I get the same issue as you if I for instance reduce the size of the region (increase the start address and reduce the size) in the linker configuration or change the optimization. That is a bit odd though, as this example project builds fine when I test. Did you do any changes? If so, which?

So in short, this should not happen out of the box, but is expected in case of size changes. The question then is if the size change is wanted, and if so, you need to adjust the start address and size which you do here:

If this is not intentional though, I would first try to figure out why the size is larger than expected.