Hey,
with the help of the devzone community I configured the overlay to use the uart2 for the zehyr console. The aurt2 TX is on the pin 0.24. This pin is then connected to the UART-to-USB converter UM232R USB, where it then goes to the PC. When I power the nrf9160 DK via USB (J6), everything works. The serial terminal works as it should. I get this output:
*** Booting Zephyr OS build v3.3.99-ncs1 *** [00:00:00.303,802] <inf> aero_sens: Start v.4, baord: nrf9160dk_nrf9160 [00:00:00.544,921] <inf> nrf_modem_lib_trace: Trace thread ready [00:00:00.546,539] <inf> nrf_modem_lib_trace: Trace level override: 2


