ADXL363 Sensor SPI2 Devicetree NRF9160DK :Only spi nodes accepted in /soc/peripheral@40000000/spi@a000/

[mark_82]

Hi,

I am using nrf Connected SDK v2.6.2 on windows 10. I try to create a blank application project for the device ADXL363 on SPI2 bus on the nRF9160DK board.

I basically followed the sample here: https://github.com/aaron-mohtar-co/Lemon-IoT-LTE-nRF9160/tree/main/Examples/spi_sensor 

The error message shown as below:

Main.c

#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/device.h>
#include <zephyr/devicetree.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/spi.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/gpio.h>
#include <zephyr/logging/log.h>

LOG_MODULE_REGISTER(adxl363_driver, CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL);

/* Get ADXL363 SPI device */

const struct device *adxl_dev = DEVICE_DT_GET_ANY(adi_adxl363);

/* SPI Configuration */
struct spi_config spi_cfg = {
    .frequency = 5000000,  // 5 MHz SPI clock
    .operation = SPI_WORD_SET(8) | SPI_TRANSFER_MSB | SPI_MODE_CPOL | SPI_MODE_CPHA,
    .slave = 0,
};

/* Read ADXL363 Device ID */
void adxl363_read_device_id(void) {
    uint8_t tx_data[2] = {0x0B, 0x00};  // Read command for Device ID
    uint8_t rx_data[2] = {0};

    struct spi_buf tx_buf = { .buf = tx_data, .len = sizeof(tx_data) };
    struct spi_buf_set tx = { .buffers = &tx_buf, .count = 1 };

    struct spi_buf rx_buf = { .buf = rx_data, .len = sizeof(rx_data) };
    struct spi_buf_set rx = { .buffers = &rx_buf, .count = 1 };

    int ret = spi_transceive(adxl_dev, &spi_cfg, &tx, &rx);
    if (ret == 0) {
        LOG_INF("ADXL363 Device ID: 0x%02X", rx_data[1]);
        if (rx_data[1] == 0xAD) {
            LOG_INF("ADXL363 Connection Verified!");
        } else {
            LOG_ERR("Invalid Device ID! Expected 0xAD but got 0x%02X. Check Wiring!", rx_data[1]);
        }
    } else {
        LOG_ERR("SPI Communication Failed!");
    }
}

void main(void) {
    LOG_INF("Initializing ADXL363...");

    if (!device_is_ready(adxl_dev)) {
        LOG_ERR("ADXL363 device not ready! Check DeviceTree and wiring.");
        return;
    }

    LOG_INF("ADXL363 device found. Reading Device ID...");
    adxl363_read_device_id();
}

Devicetree

nrf9160dk_nrf9160_ns.overlay

&pinctrl {
    spi2_default: spi2_default {
        group1 {
            psels = <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_SCK, 0, 16)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MISO, 0, 18)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MOSI, 0, 17)>;
        };
    };

    spi2_sleep: spi2_sleep {
        group1 {
            psels = <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_SCK, 0, 16)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MISO, 0, 18)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MOSI, 0, 17)>;
        };
    };
};

&spi2 {
    compatible = "nordic,nrf-spim";
    status = "okay";

    /* Define CS Pin */
    cs-gpios = <&gpio0 15 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;

    /* Define Pin Control */
    pinctrl-0 = <&spi2_default>;
    pinctrl-1 = <&spi2_sleep>;
    pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";

    /* ADXL363 Sensor */
    adxl363: adxl363@0 {
        compatible = "adi,adxl363"; // Use the correct driver binding
        reg = <0>;  // Chip Select 0
        spi-max-frequency = <5000000>;  // 5MHz SPI communication speed
        label = "ADXL363";

        int1-gpios = <&gpio0 19 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;  // INT1 -> P0.19
    };
};

The blank application has no \dts directory. So, I created the binding file....

\dts\bindings\sensor\adi,adxl363.yaml

description: Analog Devices ADXL363 3-Axis Accelerometer

compatible: "adi,adxl363"

include: spi-device.yaml

properties:
  reg:
    type: int
    required: true
    description: "Chip Select (CS) number"

  spi-max-frequency:
    type: int
    required: true
    description: "Maximum SPI frequency in Hz"

  int1-gpios:
    type: phandle-array
    required: false
    description: "GPIO connected to the INT1 pin"

  int2-gpios:
    type: phandle-array
    required: false
    description: "GPIO connected to the INT2 pin"

How can I define the ADXL363 devicetree via SPI2 properly?

[mark_82]

Hello,

I implemented the ADXL363 driver as.......

ADXL363.c

#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/device.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/spi.h>
#include <zephyr/logging/log.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/sensor.h>
#include "adxl363.h"

LOG_MODULE_REGISTER(adxl363, CONFIG_SENSOR_LOG_LEVEL);

/* ADXL363 Register Addresses */
#define ADXL363_REG_DEVID_AD     0x00  // Device ID register
#define ADXL363_EXPECTED_ID      0xAD  // Expected Device ID
#define ADXL363_CMD_READ         0x0B  // Read command

/* Device Data Structure */
struct adxl363_data {
    struct spi_config spi_cfg;
    const struct device *spi_dev;
};

/* Function to Read a Register */
static int adxl363_read_register(const struct device *dev, uint8_t reg, uint8_t *value) {
    struct adxl363_data *data = dev->data;
    uint8_t tx_buf[2] = {ADXL363_CMD_READ, reg};
    uint8_t rx_buf[2] = {0};

    struct spi_buf tx = {.buf = tx_buf, .len = sizeof(tx_buf)};
    struct spi_buf_set tx_set = {.buffers = &tx, .count = 1};

    struct spi_buf rx = {.buf = rx_buf, .len = sizeof(rx_buf)};
    struct spi_buf_set rx_set = {.buffers = &rx, .count = 1};

    int ret = spi_transceive(data->spi_dev, &data->spi_cfg, &tx_set, &rx_set);
    if (ret < 0) {
        LOG_ERR("Failed to read ADXL363 register 0x%02X", reg);
        return ret;
    }

    *value = rx_buf[1];
    return 0;
}

/* Sensor Driver API Structure */
static const struct sensor_driver_api adxl363_driver_api = {
    .sample_fetch = NULL,  // Implement fetch function if needed
};

/* Device Initialization Function */
static int adxl363_init(const struct device *dev) {
    struct adxl363_data *data = dev->data;
    LOG_INF("Initializing ADXL363 Sensor...");

    if (!device_is_ready(data->spi_dev)) {
        LOG_ERR("SPI device not ready");
        return -ENODEV;
    }

    return 0;
}

/* Define Device Data */
static struct adxl363_data adxl363_driver_data = {
    .spi_cfg = {
        .frequency = 5000000,
        .operation = SPI_WORD_SET(8) | SPI_TRANSFER_MSB | SPI_MODE_CPOL | SPI_MODE_CPHA,
        .slave = 0,
    },
};

/* Register the Device */
DEVICE_DT_DEFINE(DT_NODELABEL(adxl363), adxl363_init, NULL, &adxl363_driver_data, NULL,
                 POST_KERNEL, CONFIG_SENSOR_INIT_PRIORITY, &adxl363_driver_api);

ADXL363.h

#ifndef ZEPHYR_DRIVERS_SENSOR_ADXL363_H_
#define ZEPHYR_DRIVERS_SENSOR_ADXL363_H_

#include <zephyr/device.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/spi.h>

/* Structure to hold ADXL363 sensor data */
struct adxl363_data {
    struct spi_config spi_cfg;
    const struct device *spi_dev;
};

#endif /* ZEPHYR_DRIVERS_SENSOR_ADXL363_H_ */

 

Updated nrf9160dk_nrf9160_ns.overlay

&spi2 {
    compatible = "nordic,nrf-spim";
    status = "okay";

    /* Define Pin Control */
    pinctrl-0 = <&spi2_default>;
    pinctrl-1 = <&spi2_sleep>;
    pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";

    /* Define CS Pin */
    cs-gpios = <&gpio0 15 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;

    /* ADXL363 Sensor */
    adxl363: adxl363@0 {
        compatible = "adi,adxl363"; // Use the correct driver binding
        reg = <0>;  // Chip Select 0
        spi-max-frequency = <5000000>;  // 5MHz SPI communication speed
        //int1-gpios = <&gpio0 19 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;  // INT1 -> P0.19
    };
};

&pinctrl {
    spi2_default: spi2_default {
        group1 {
            psels = <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_SCK, 0, 16)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MOSI, 0, 17)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MISO, 0, 18)>;
        };
    };

    spi2_sleep: spi2_sleep {
        group1 {
            psels = <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_SCK, 0, 16)>,  
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MOSI, 0, 17)>,
                    <NRF_PSEL(SPIM_MISO, 0, 18)>;
            low-power-enable;
        };
    };
};

Updated Main.c

#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/device.h>
#include <zephyr/devicetree.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/spi.h>
#include <zephyr/logging/log.h>

LOG_MODULE_REGISTER(adxl363_test, CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL);

/* Get the ADXL363 device from DeviceTree */
const struct device *adxl_dev = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_NODELABEL(adxl363));
//const struct device *adxl_dev = DEVICE_DT_GET_ANY(adi_adxl363);

/* ADXL363 Register Addresses */
#define ADXL363_REG_DEVID_AD     0x00  // Device ID register
#define ADXL363_EXPECTED_ID      0xAD  // Expected Device ID
#define ADXL363_CMD_READ         0x0B  // Read command

/* Read a Register from ADXL363 */
static int adxl363_read_register(const struct device *dev, uint8_t reg, uint8_t *value) {
    uint8_t tx_buf[2] = {ADXL363_CMD_READ, reg};  // Send Read Command + Register Address
    uint8_t rx_buf[2] = {0};  // Buffer to store the response

    struct spi_buf tx = {.buf = tx_buf, .len = sizeof(tx_buf)};
    struct spi_buf_set tx_set = {.buffers = &tx, .count = 1};

    struct spi_buf rx = {.buf = rx_buf, .len = sizeof(rx_buf)};
    struct spi_buf_set rx_set = {.buffers = &rx, .count = 1};

    int ret = spi_transceive(dev, NULL, &tx_set, &rx_set);
    if (ret < 0) {
        LOG_ERR("Failed to read ADXL363 register 0x%02X", reg);
        return ret;
    }

    *value = rx_buf[1];  // The received data is in rx_buf[1]
    return 0;
}

/* Verify ADXL363 by Checking Device ID */
static void adxl363_verify_device(void) {
    if (!device_is_ready(adxl_dev)) {
        LOG_ERR("ADXL363 device not ready! Check DeviceTree and wiring.");
        return;
    }

    uint8_t device_id;
    if (adxl363_read_register(adxl_dev, ADXL363_REG_DEVID_AD, &device_id) == 0) {
        if (device_id == ADXL363_EXPECTED_ID) {
            LOG_INF("ADXL363 Device ID Verified: 0x%02X", device_id);
        } else {
            LOG_ERR("Invalid ADXL363 Device ID! Expected 0xAD, but got 0x%02X", device_id);
        }
    } else {
        LOG_ERR("SPI Communication Failed!");
    }
}

/* Main Test Function */
void main(void) {
    LOG_INF("Initializing ADXL363 Test...");

    adxl363_verify_device();
}

adi,adxl363.yaml and location no changed!

 

However, I still cannot make it fully compiled with the ERROR MESSAGE:

C:/ncs/v2.6.2/zephyr/cmake/modules/dts.cmake:268 (message):", "source": "cmake", "startLineNumber": 268, "startColumn": 1

It looks like the compiler cannot find the adi,adxl363.yaml file? or Any syntax gone wrong in nrf9160dk_nrf9160_ns.overlay?! 

[mark_82]

The following essential files....

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20.0)
find_package(Zephyr REQUIRED HINTS $ENV{ZEPHYR_BASE})

project(adx1363_v2_6)

zephyr_library()
zephyr_library_sources(drivers/sensor/adxl363.c)

target_sources(app PRIVATE src/main.c)
set(DTC_EXTRA_CPPFLAGS "-I${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/dts/bindings/sensor/")

prj.conf

CONFIG_SPI=y
CONFIG_SENSOR=y
CONFIG_GPIO=y
CONFIG_LOG=y
CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL=4