Basic SPI reads and writes

[RodWatt]

Hi,

I have a SPI peripheral connected to the nRF960 DK. In order to access this correctly, I need to be able to write a byte to a specific address first and then read back from specific addresses. 

I can run the basic SPI example

https://github.com/Rallare/fw-nrfconnect-nrf/tree/nrf9160_samples/samples/nrf9160/spi

which carries out a basic loop back. This all works fine but I can't see how to write a specific byte to a specific address or read a specific address.

So, ideally I would like to write 0xD2 to address 0x80, wait 1 second and then read data from address 0x00.

Can you point me to a simple example please?

Ta,
Rod

[Øyvind]

Hello Rod, 

The SPI example you are using is the only one we have at the moment. The example is using the built-in SPI functions of the Zephyr project, perhaps you are able to find what you are looking for in the Zephyr samples? Also, have a look at the Zephyr SPI API and the SPI header file.

Ref. similar answer given by my colleague Jan Tore here. 

Kind regards,
Øyvind

[RodWatt]

Hi Øyvind,

I went back to the reply from Jan Tore on the ticket here. I realised that the BME280 has both an I2C and an SPI interface. So, I thought if I can get this sensor working over SPI and I can then try and migrate it to my own SPI sensor.

I have successfully connected and ran the BME280 sensor over I2C. I am now trying to access this over SPI. 

Im using the sample given here, 

https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/blob/master/samples/sensor/bme280/src/main.c

I have set up SPI in my overlay file as suggested by Jan in the other ticket.

/*
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2018 Linaro Limited
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */


&i2c2 {
        status = "ok";
        sda-pin = <1>;
        scl-pin = <0>;
        clock-frequency = <I2C_BITRATE_FAST>;
        };

&spi3 {
        status = "ok";
	sck-pin = <10>;
	mosi-pin = <11>;
	miso-pin = <12>;
	ss-pin = <13>;
	spi-max-frequency = <8000000>;
	bme280@0 {
		compatible = "bosch,bme280";
		reg = <0>;
		spi-max-frequency = <8000000>;
		label = "BME280";
	};

};

and also I have enabled SPI in my conf file

CONFIG_CONSOLE_SUBSYS=y
CONFIG_CONSOLE_GETCHAR=y
CONFIG_GPIO=y
CONFIG_STDOUT_CONSOLE=y

CONFIG_SERIAL=y
CONFIG_STDOUT_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_UART_INTERRUPT_DRIVEN=y
CONFIG_TEST_RANDOM_GENERATOR=y

CONFIG_I2C=y
CONFIG_SENSOR=y

CONFIG_NET_BUF_USER_DATA_SIZE=1

CONFIG_LOG=n
CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL=4
CONFIG_HEAP_MEM_POOL_SIZE=1024
CONFIG_MAIN_STACK_SIZE=4096
CONFIG_NEWLIB_LIBC=y

# SPI
CONFIG_SPI=y
CONFIG_SPI_3=y
CONFIG_SPI_3_NRF_SPIM=y
CONFIG_BME280=y
CONFIG_SPI_NRFX=y

However, I get an error

Secure Boot: MSP_NS 200216b0

Secure Boot: prepare to jump to Non-Secure image

***** Booting Zephyr OS v1.13.99-ncs1-5561-gde69d2df908f *****

Exception occurred in Secure State

***** HARD FAULT *****

  Fault escalation (see below)

***** BUS FAULT *****

  Precise data bus error

  BFAR Address: 0x50008120

***** Hardware exception *****

Current thread ID = 0x20020154

Faulting instruction address = 0x41f98

Fatal fault in ISR! Spinning...

Any thoughts?

[Øyvind]

Please read "Updating the repositories". 

Your NCS folder should be similar to this:

ncs
 |___ .west
 |___ mcuboot
 |___ nrf
 |___ nrfxlib
 |___ zephyr

Enter the following in command line:

cd ncs/nrf
git checkout v0.4.0
west update

 

RodWatt said:

You say I need to set the zephyr environment first, is this necessary? This should be set already?

If you have added this path to your environmental variables, then ignore that message. 

[RodWatt]

Ok, I have updated NCS as above and build my code using

west build -b nrf9160_pca10090ns -d build
west flash -d build

I was expecting this to create a merged hex file but is only seems to create the hex for my application. 

I can confirm this by looking at the memory map.

What am I missing here?

[Øyvind]

Yes, it should look like this:

I think that you may have disabled Automatic Building of SPM, please check you prj.conf that you have:

CONFIG_SPM=y

Let me know if that helps. 

-Øyvind

[RodWatt]

Hi Øyvind

Yes, I saw that I thought that may be it but when I add this to my prj.conf I get an error

Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ cmake -GNinja -DBOARD=nrf9160_pca10090ns  ..
Zephyr version: 1.14.0
-- Selected BOARD nrf9160_pca10090ns
-- Found west: /usr/local/bin/west (found suitable version "0.5.7", minimum required is "0.5.4")
-- Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts as base
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/dts/common/common.dts
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/nrf9160_pca10090ns.overlay
nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts.pre.tmp:252.19-258.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@40000000/clock@5000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@40000000/power@5000)
Parsing Kconfig tree in /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/Kconfig
Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090ns_defconfig as base
Merging prj.conf

warning: LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL (defined at subsys/logging/Kconfig:126) was assigned the value '4' but
got the value ''. You can check symbol information (including dependencies) in the 'menuconfig'
interface (see the Application Development Primer section of the manual), or in the Kconfig
reference at http://docs.zephyrproject.org/latest/reference/kconfig/CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL.html
(which is updated regularly from the master branch). See the 'Setting configuration values' section
of the Board Porting Guide as well.

prj.conf:2: warning: attempt to assign the value 'y' to the undefined symbol SPM

warning: LOG_RUNTIME_FILTERING (defined at subsys/logging/Kconfig:120) has direct dependencies LOG with value n, but is currently being y-selected by the following symbols:
 - SHELL (defined at subsys/shell/Kconfig:13), with value y, direct dependencies "y" (value: y)

Error: Aborting due to non-whitelisted Kconfig warning 'prj.conf:2: warning: attempt to assign the
value 'y' to the undefined symbol SPM'. Note: If this warning doesn't point to an actual problem,
you can add it to the whitelist at the top of
/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/scripts/kconfig/kconfig.py.

CMake Error at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/kconfig.cmake:191 (message):
  command failed with return code: 1
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:397 (include)
  CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ 

[Øyvind]

OK, there is something missing here. 

Please do the following:

cd ncs/nrf
git checkout master
git pull

Now verify that you have the correct tag:

git tag

Outputs:
v0.1.0
v0.1.0-rc1
v0.3.0
v0.3.0-rc1
v0.3.0-rc2
v0.4.0
v0.4.0-rc1
v0.4.0-rc2

From the output, we see that tag v0.4.0 is available. We can now check out this tag:

git checkout v0.4.0

Outputs:
Note: checking out 'v0.4.0'.

You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental
changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this
state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.

If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may
do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:

  git checkout -b <new-branch-name>

HEAD is now at f925102 manifest: Updated manifest to use D4 release tags.

Then we can update using west:

west update

This should fix the issues you have seen, building SPM and the sample project in one. Can't remember if I wrote this before, but SES v4.16 does not support debugging a multi-image .hex file i.e. merged.hex. You have to program it manually. The workaround is explained here. We are working on a fix.

[RodWatt]

Hi Øyvind,

Ok, I will try this later when I have some time, although I think I may have done this previously, I will go through the steps as you have detailed just to check. If this doesn't work, I will carry out  clean install. What's the easiest way of doing a complete clean install from a command line?

[Øyvind]

RodWatt said:

Ok, I will try this later when I have some time, although I think I may have done this previously, I will go through the steps as you have detailed just to check

Yes, please do. I'm concerned that you do not have the latest version.

RodWatt said:

What's the easiest way of doing a complete clean install from a command line?

The easiest would be to do the following: 

mkdir NCS && cd NCS
west init -m https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-nrf --mr v0.4.0
west update

[RodWatt]

Hi,

I tried the update as detailed above, all seemed to work fine but my code does not compile.

Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ cmake -GNinja -DBOARD=nrf9160_pca10090  ..
-- Using application from '/Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test'
Zephyr version: 1.14.99
CMake Warning at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:196 (message):
  The build directory must be cleaned pristinely when changing boards
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


-- Selected BOARD nrf9160_pca10090ns
-- Found west: /usr/local/bin/west (found suitable version "0.5.8", minimum required is "0.5.6")
-- Cache files will be written to: /Users/Watt/Library/Caches/zephyr
-- Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts as base
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/dts/common/common.dts
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/nrf9160_pca10090ns.overlay
nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts.pre.tmp:258.19-264.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@40000000/clock@5000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@40000000/power@5000)
Parsing Kconfig tree in /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/Kconfig
Loading /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/build/zephyr/.config as base
Configuration written to '/Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/build/zephyr/.config'
Including module: nrf in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf
-- Using application from '/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm'
Zephyr version: 1.14.99
Changed board to secure nrf9160_pca10090 (NOT NS)
-- Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090.dts as base
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/dts/common/common.dts
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm/nrf9160_pca10090.overlay
nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:120.18-126.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@50000000/uart@a000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@50000000/i2c@a000)
  also defined at nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:512.8-514.3
nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:260.19-266.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@50000000/clock@5000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@50000000/power@5000)
Parsing Kconfig tree in /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/Kconfig
Loading /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/build/spm/zephyr/.config as base
Configuration written to '/Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/build/spm/zephyr/.config'
Including module: nrf in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf
Including module: mcuboot in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/mcuboot/zephyr
Including module: tinycbor in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/modules/lib/tinycbor
Including module: nrfxlib in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrfxlib
Including module: mcuboot in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/mcuboot/zephyr
Including module: tinycbor in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/modules/lib/tinycbor
Including module: nrfxlib in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrfxlib
-- Configuring done
CMake Error at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/extensions.cmake:423 (add_library):
  Cannot find source file:

    src/main.c

  Tried extensions .c .C .c++ .cc .cpp .cxx .cu .m .M .mm .h .hh .h++ .hm
  .hpp .hxx .in .txx
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:554 (zephyr_library_named)
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm/CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


CMake Error at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/extensions.cmake:423 (add_library):
  No SOURCES given to target: spm_app
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:554 (zephyr_library_named)
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm/CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


-- Build files have been written to: /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test/build
Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ 

So then I tried a clean install....

Watts-MacBook-Pro:ncs Watt$ west init -m https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-nrf --mr v0.4.0
West already initialized. Aborting.

[Øyvind]

Hi Rod,

This is not making any sense. There is clearly an issue with your NCS install, but I am not fully able to reproduce the issue. There seems to be an issue with your path, from what I was able to reproduce.

Please follow the next steps. They will be divided into 3 sections, each tackling in a different way.

---

The first thing to try, if you were able to update the nrf repo and run west update:

In your application: /Users/Watt/Documents/Switch_That/Nordic_Semi_Code/SPI_Test do you have a CmakeCache.txt? (Not the one in the build folder)

If so, please delete this and the build folder. Then to ensure the correct path, please run:

Run NCS/Zephyr/zephyr-env.sh 

Then try to make a new build folder and run:

 

cmake -GNinja -DBOARD=nrf9160_pca10090ns ..

---

The second thing to try, as you are getting "West already initialized. Aborting.":

The clean install needs to be in a completely new folder. Please make a new folder with a completely new name e.g. NCS2, etc.

mkdir NCS2 && cd NCS2
west init -m https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-nrf --mr v0.4.0
west update

To ensure the correct path, run:

NCS2/Zephyr/zephyr-env.sh

Then try to program NCS2\nrf\samples\nrf9160\at_client, without changing the code to ensure everything works that way.

---

The third thing is that you send me your project so that I can test it here.

If anything is unclear, let me know.

Kind regards,
Øyvind

[RodWatt]

Hi Øyvind,

Ok, I have gone though your steps as above.

1. I deleted CmakeCache.txt and ran zephyr-env.sh. When I tried to build, I get the same error as above.

2. I tried a complete new install. But as you will see from below, I still get the "West already initialised" error

Watts-MacBook-Pro:zephyrproject Watt$ mkdir NCS2
Watts-MacBook-Pro:zephyrproject Watt$ cd NCS2
Watts-MacBook-Pro:NCS2 Watt$ west init -m https://github.com/NordicPlayground/fw-nrfconnect-nrf --mr v0.4.0
West already initialized. Aborting.
Watts-MacBook-Pro:NCS2 Watt$ 

3. I don't think its my code, to prove this I tried to build at_client. I get the same error

Watts-MacBook-Pro:nrf9160 Watt$ cd at_client/
Watts-MacBook-Pro:at_client Watt$ ls
CMakeLists.txt	prj.conf	sample.yaml	src
Watts-MacBook-Pro:at_client Watt$ mkdir build
Watts-MacBook-Pro:at_client Watt$ cd build/
Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ cmake -GNinja -DBOARD=nrf9160_pca10090ns ..
-- Using application from '/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/at_client'
Zephyr version: 1.14.99
-- Found PythonInterp: /usr/local/bin/python3 (found suitable version "3.7.3", minimum required is "3.4") 
-- Selected BOARD nrf9160_pca10090ns
-- Found west: /usr/local/bin/west (found suitable version "0.5.8", minimum required is "0.5.6")
-- Cache files will be written to: /Users/Watt/Library/Caches/zephyr
-- Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts as base
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/dts/common/common.dts
nrf9160_pca10090ns.dts.pre.tmp:258.19-264.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@40000000/clock@5000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@40000000/power@5000)
Parsing Kconfig tree in /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/Kconfig
Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090ns_defconfig as base
Merging /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/at_client/prj.conf
Configuration written to '/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/at_client/build/zephyr/.config'
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 7.3.1
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 7.3.1
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: /Users/Watt/gnuarmemb/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
-- Performing Test toolchain_is_ok
-- Performing Test toolchain_is_ok - Success
Including module: nrf in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf
-- Using application from '/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm'
Zephyr version: 1.14.99
Changed board to secure nrf9160_pca10090 (NOT NS)
-- Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090.dts as base
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/dts/common/common.dts
-- Overlaying /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm/nrf9160_pca10090.overlay
nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:120.18-126.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@50000000/uart@a000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@50000000/i2c@a000)
  also defined at nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:512.8-514.3
nrf9160_pca10090.dts.pre.tmp:260.19-266.3: Warning (unique_unit_address_if_enabled): /soc/peripheral@50000000/clock@5000: duplicate unit-address (also used in node /soc/peripheral@50000000/power@5000)
Parsing Kconfig tree in /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/Kconfig
Loading /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/boards/arm/nrf9160_pca10090/nrf9160_pca10090_defconfig as base
Merging /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/spm/prj.conf
Configuration written to '/Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/at_client/build/spm/zephyr/.config'
Including module: nrf in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf
Including module: mcuboot in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/mcuboot/zephyr
Including module: tinycbor in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/modules/lib/tinycbor
Including module: nrfxlib in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrfxlib
Including module: mcuboot in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/mcuboot/zephyr
Including module: tinycbor in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/modules/lib/tinycbor
Including module: nrfxlib in path: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrfxlib
CMake Warning at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/CMakeLists.txt:1523 (message):
  

        ------------------------------------------------------------
        --- WARNING:  __ASSERT() statements are globally ENABLED ---
        --- The kernel will run more slowly and use more memory  ---
        ------------------------------------------------------------


-- Configuring done
CMake Error at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/extensions.cmake:423 (add_library):
  Cannot find source file:

    src/main.c

  Tried extensions .c .C .c++ .cc .cpp .cxx .cu .m .M .mm .h .hh .h++ .hm
  .hpp .hxx .in .txx
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:554 (zephyr_library_named)
  ../spm/CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


CMake Error at /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/extensions.cmake:423 (add_library):
  No SOURCES given to target: spm_app
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/zephyr/cmake/app/boilerplate.cmake:554 (zephyr_library_named)
  ../spm/CMakeLists.txt:3 (include)


-- Build files have been written to: /Users/Watt/zephyrproject/ncs/nrf/samples/nrf9160/at_client/build
Watts-MacBook-Pro:build Watt$ 

So, I think i need to carry out a complete reinstall but it won't seem to let me do this simply my creating a new NCS2 directory. 

How can I do a clean install?

Rod