Hi all,
I am trying to implement a multilink central with UART. I had looked through the forum on all discussions in about this and followed this thread to come up with the program https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/f/nordic-q-a/41189/multilink-ble_app_uart---ble_app_multilink_central-3
I am running my central on a NFR52DK and using SDK15.2.0 with softdevice S132. I have 2 peripherial (Nordic Thingy) running the default ble_app_uart program.
My program complies without errors and the multi-link central can also connect to 1 peripheral running the default ble_app_uart program.
This is the RTT log:
0> <info> app: Multilink example started.
0> <info> app: Start scanning for device...
0> <info> app: Connecting to target 461B790D58E6
0> <info> app: Connection 0x0 established, starting DB discovery.
0> <info> app: Start scanning for device...
0> <info> app: ATT MTU exchange completed.
0> <info> app: Ble NUS max data length set to 0xF4(244)
0> <info> app: Discovery complete.
0> <info> app: Connected to device with Nordic UART Service.
However, if I try to turn on another uart peripheral, the multi-link central gives a FATAL error.
I put a break point inside app_errpr_handler_bare. And the error code 0x00000012 is pass into this function. Inside, error_info is as follows:
error_info.line_num = 0x200080E8
error_info.p_file_name: 0x00000003
error_info.error_code: 0x00000006
I am attaching my codes here. Hope to get some advise on how to proceed forward. Thanks in advance!
/** * Copyright (c) 2016 - 2018, Nordic Semiconductor ASA * * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this * list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * 2. Redistributions in binary form, except as embedded into a Nordic * Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit in a product or a software update for * such product, must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other * materials provided with the distribution. * * 3. Neither the name of Nordic Semiconductor ASA nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this * software without specific prior written permission. * * 4. This software, with or without modification, must only be used with a * Nordic Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit. * * 5. Any software provided in binary form under this license must not be reverse * engineered, decompiled, modified and/or disassembled. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES * OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA OR CONTRIBUTORS BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * */ #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include "nordic_common.h" #include "nrf_sdh.h" #include "nrf_sdh_ble.h" #include "app_timer.h" #include "bsp_btn_ble.h" #include "ble.h" #include "ble_hci.h" #include "ble_advertising.h" #include "ble_conn_params.h" #include "ble_db_discovery.h" #include "ble_conn_state.h" #include "ble_advdata.h" #include "nrf_ble_gatt.h" #include "nrf_pwr_mgmt.h" #include "nrf_ble_scan.h" #include <string.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include "app_error.h" #include "app_uart.h" #include "app_util.h" #include "ble_gap.h" #include "nrf_sdh_soc.h" #include "ble_nus_c.h" #include "nrf_log.h" #include "nrf_log_ctrl.h" #include "nrf_log_default_backends.h" #define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG 1 /**< Tag that refers to the BLE stack configuration that is set with @ref sd_ble_cfg_set. The default tag is @ref APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG. */ #define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO 3 /**< BLE observer priority of the application. There is no need to modify this value. */ #define UART_TX_BUF_SIZE 256 /**< UART TX buffer size. */ #define UART_RX_BUF_SIZE 256 /**< UART RX buffer size. */ #define NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE BLE_UUID_TYPE_VENDOR_BEGIN /**< UUID type for the Nordic UART Service (vendor specific). */ #define ECHOBACK_BLE_UART_DATA 1 /**< Echo the UART data that is received over the Nordic UART Service (NUS) back to the sender. */ BLE_NUS_C_ARRAY_DEF(m_ble_nus_c,NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT); /**< BLE Nordic UART Service (NUS) client instance. */ NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt); /**< GATT module instance. */ BLE_DB_DISCOVERY_ARRAY_DEF(m_db_disc, NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT); /**< Database discovery module instances. */ NRF_BLE_SCAN_DEF(m_scan); /**< Scanning Module instance. */ static bool retry_operation_tx_notif_enable = false; static uint16_t m_ble_nus_max_data_len = BLE_GATT_ATT_MTU_DEFAULT - OPCODE_LENGTH - HANDLE_LENGTH; /**< Maximum length of data (in bytes) that can be transmitted to the peer by the Nordic UART service module. */ #define CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED BSP_BOARD_LED_0 #define CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED BSP_BOARD_LED_1 #define LEDBUTTON_LED BSP_BOARD_LED_2 /**< LED to indicate a change of state of the Button characteristic on the peer. */ //#define LEDBUTTON_BUTTON BSP_BUTTON_0 /**< Button that writes to the LED characteristic of the peer. */ //#define BUTTON_DETECTION_DELAY APP_TIMER_TICKS(50) /**< Delay from a GPIOTE event until a button is reported as pushed (in number of timer ticks). */ static char const m_target_periph_name[] = "Nordic_Blinky"; /**< Name of the device to try to connect to. This name is searched for in the scanning report data. */ /**@brief NUS UUID. */ static ble_uuid_t const m_nus_uuid = { .uuid = BLE_UUID_NUS_SERVICE, .type = NUS_SERVICE_UUID_TYPE }; /**@brief Function for handling asserts in the SoftDevice. * * @details This function is called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice. * * @warning This handler is only an example and is not meant for the final product. You need to analyze * how your product is supposed to react in case of an assert. * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset. * * @param[in] line_num Line number of the failing assert call. * @param[in] p_file_name File name of the failing assert call. */ void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name) { app_error_handler(0xDEADBEEF, line_num, p_file_name); } /**@brief Function for initializing the LEDs. * * @details Initializes all LEDs used by the application. */ static void leds_init(void) { bsp_board_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS); } /**@brief Function for starting scanning. */ static void scan_start(void) { ret_code_t ret; NRF_LOG_INFO("Start scanning for device..."); ret = nrf_ble_scan_start(&m_scan); APP_ERROR_CHECK(ret); // Turn on the LED to signal scanning. bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED); } static void scan_evt_handler(scan_evt_t const * p_scan_evt) { ret_code_t err_code; switch(p_scan_evt->scan_evt_id) { case NRF_BLE_SCAN_EVT_CONNECTING_ERROR: { err_code = p_scan_evt->params.connecting_err.err_code; APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } break; case NRF_BLE_SCAN_EVT_CONNECTED: { ble_gap_evt_connected_t const * p_connected = p_scan_evt->params.connected.p_connected; // Scan is automatically stopped by the connection. NRF_LOG_INFO("Connecting to target %02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x", p_connected->peer_addr.addr[0], p_connected->peer_addr.addr[1], p_connected->peer_addr.addr[2], p_connected->peer_addr.addr[3], p_connected->peer_addr.addr[4], p_connected->peer_addr.addr[5] ); } break; case NRF_BLE_SCAN_EVT_SCAN_TIMEOUT: { NRF_LOG_INFO("Scan timed out."); scan_start(); } break; default: break; } } /**@brief Function for initializing the scanning and setting the filters. */ static void scan_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; nrf_ble_scan_init_t init_scan; memset(&init_scan, 0, sizeof(init_scan)); init_scan.connect_if_match = true; init_scan.conn_cfg_tag = APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG; err_code = nrf_ble_scan_init(&m_scan, &init_scan, scan_evt_handler); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = nrf_ble_scan_filter_set(&m_scan, SCAN_UUID_FILTER, &m_nus_uuid); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = nrf_ble_scan_filters_enable(&m_scan, NRF_BLE_SCAN_UUID_FILTER, false); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } /**@brief Function for handling characters received by the Nordic UART Service (NUS). * * @details This function takes a list of characters of length data_len and prints the characters out on UART. * If @ref ECHOBACK_BLE_UART_DATA is set, the data is sent back to sender. */ static void ble_nus_chars_received_uart_print(uint8_t * p_data, uint16_t data_len) { ret_code_t ret_val; NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Receiving data."); NRF_LOG_HEXDUMP_DEBUG(p_data, data_len); for (uint32_t i = 0; i < data_len; i++) { do { ret_val = app_uart_put(p_data[i]); if ((ret_val != NRF_SUCCESS) && (ret_val != NRF_ERROR_BUSY)) { NRF_LOG_ERROR("app_uart_put failed for index 0x%04x.", i); APP_ERROR_CHECK(ret_val); } } while (ret_val == NRF_ERROR_BUSY); } if (p_data[data_len-1] == '\r') { while (app_uart_put('\n') == NRF_ERROR_BUSY); } if (ECHOBACK_BLE_UART_DATA) { for (uint32_t i = 0; i< NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT; i++) { // Send data back to peripheral. do { ret_val = ble_nus_c_string_send(&m_ble_nus_c[i], p_data, data_len); if ((ret_val != NRF_SUCCESS) && (ret_val != NRF_ERROR_BUSY)) { NRF_LOG_ERROR("Failed sending NUS message. Error 0x%x. ", ret_val); APP_ERROR_CHECK(ret_val); } } while (ret_val == NRF_ERROR_BUSY); } } } /**@brief Function for handling app_uart events. * * @details This function receives a single character from the app_uart module and appends it to * a string. The string is sent over BLE when the last character received is a * 'new line' '\n' (hex 0x0A) or if the string reaches the maximum data length. */ void uart_event_handle(app_uart_evt_t * p_event) { static uint8_t data_array[BLE_NUS_MAX_DATA_LEN]; static uint16_t index = 0; uint32_t ret_val; switch (p_event->evt_type) { /**@snippet [Handling data from UART] */ case APP_UART_DATA_READY: UNUSED_VARIABLE(app_uart_get(&data_array[index])); index++; if ((data_array[index - 1] == '\n') || (index >= (m_ble_nus_max_data_len))) { NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Ready to send data over BLE NUS"); NRF_LOG_HEXDUMP_DEBUG(data_array, index); for (uint32_t i = 0; i< NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT; i++) { do { ret_val = ble_nus_c_string_send(&m_ble_nus_c[i], data_array, index); if ( (ret_val != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) && (ret_val != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) ) { APP_ERROR_CHECK(ret_val); } } while (ret_val == NRF_ERROR_BUSY); } index = 0; } break; /**@snippet [Handling data from UART] */ case APP_UART_COMMUNICATION_ERROR: NRF_LOG_ERROR("Communication error occurred while handling UART."); APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_communication); break; case APP_UART_FIFO_ERROR: NRF_LOG_ERROR("Error occurred in FIFO module used by UART."); APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_code); break; default: break; } } /**@brief Callback handling Nordic UART Service (NUS) client events. * * @details This function is called to notify the application of NUS client events. * * @param[in] p_ble_nus_c NUS client handle. This identifies the NUS client. * @param[in] p_ble_nus_evt Pointer to the NUS client event. */ /**@snippet [Handling events from the ble_nus_c module] */ static void ble_nus_c_evt_handler(ble_nus_c_t * p_ble_nus_c, ble_nus_c_evt_t const * p_ble_nus_evt) { ret_code_t err_code; switch (p_ble_nus_evt->evt_type) { case BLE_NUS_C_EVT_DISCOVERY_COMPLETE: NRF_LOG_INFO("Discovery complete."); err_code = ble_nus_c_handles_assign(p_ble_nus_c, p_ble_nus_evt->conn_handle, &p_ble_nus_evt->handles); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = ble_nus_c_tx_notif_enable(p_ble_nus_c); if(err_code == NRF_ERROR_BUSY) { retry_operation_tx_notif_enable = true; } else { APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected to device with Nordic UART Service."); break; case BLE_GATTC_EVT_WRITE_RSP: { if(retry_operation_tx_notif_enable == true) { err_code = ble_nus_c_tx_notif_enable(p_ble_nus_c); if(err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) { APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); retry_operation_tx_notif_enable = false; } } } break; case BLE_NUS_C_EVT_NUS_TX_EVT: ble_nus_chars_received_uart_print(p_ble_nus_evt->p_data, p_ble_nus_evt->data_len); break; case BLE_NUS_C_EVT_DISCONNECTED: NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected."); scan_start(); break; } } /**@snippet [Handling events from the ble_nus_c module] */ /**@brief Function for handling BLE events. * * @param[in] p_ble_evt Bluetooth stack event. * @param[in] p_context Unused. */ static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context) { ret_code_t err_code; // For readability. ble_gap_evt_t const * p_gap_evt = &p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt; switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id) { // Upon connection, check which peripheral is connected, initiate DB // discovery, update LEDs status, and resume scanning, if necessary. case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED: { NRF_LOG_INFO("Connection 0x%x established, starting DB discovery.", p_gap_evt->conn_handle); APP_ERROR_CHECK_BOOL(p_gap_evt->conn_handle < NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT); err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = ble_nus_c_handles_assign(&m_ble_nus_c[p_gap_evt->conn_handle], p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, NULL); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = ble_db_discovery_start(&m_db_disc[p_gap_evt->conn_handle], p_gap_evt->conn_handle); if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) { APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } // Update LEDs status and check whether it is needed to look for more // peripherals to connect to. bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED); if (ble_conn_state_central_conn_count() == NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT) { bsp_board_led_off(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED); } else { // Resume scanning. bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED); scan_start(); } } break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED // Upon disconnection, reset the connection handle of the peer that disconnected, update // the LEDs status and start scanning again. case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED: { NRF_LOG_INFO("NUS central link 0x%x disconnected (reason: 0x%x)", p_gap_evt->conn_handle, p_gap_evt->params.disconnected.reason); if (ble_conn_state_central_conn_count() == 0) { err_code = app_button_disable(); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); // Turn off the LED that indicates the connection. bsp_board_led_off(CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED); } // Start scanning. scan_start(); // Turn on the LED for indicating scanning. bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED); } break; /* Need this???? What is it for?? case BLE_GAP_EVT_ADV_REPORT: on_adv_report(&p_gap_evt->params.adv_report); break; */ case BLE_GAP_EVT_TIMEOUT: { // Timeout for scanning is not specified, so only the connection requests can time out. if (p_gap_evt->params.timeout.src == BLE_GAP_TIMEOUT_SRC_CONN) { NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Connection request timed out."); } } break; case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE_REQUEST: { NRF_LOG_DEBUG("BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE_REQUEST."); // Accept parameters requested by peer. err_code = sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update(p_gap_evt->conn_handle, &p_gap_evt->params.conn_param_update_request.conn_params); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } break; case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST: { NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request."); ble_gap_phys_t const phys = { .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO, .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO, }; err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } break; case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT: { // Disconnect on GATT client timeout event. NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT client timeout."); err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } break; case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT: { // Disconnect on GATT server timeout event. NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT server timeout."); err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle, BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } break; default: // No implementation needed. break; } } /**@brief Function for initializing the Nordic UART Service (NUS) client. */ static void nus_c_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; ble_nus_c_init_t init; init.evt_handler = ble_nus_c_evt_handler; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NRF_SDH_BLE_CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT; i++) { err_code = ble_nus_c_init(&m_ble_nus_c[i], &init); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } } /**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack. * * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupts. */ static void ble_stack_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request(); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings. // Fetch the start address of the application RAM. uint32_t ram_start = 0; err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); // Enable BLE stack. err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); // Register a handler for BLE events. NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL); } /**@brief Function for handling database discovery events. * * @details This function is a callback function to handle events from the database discovery module. * Depending on the UUIDs that are discovered, this function forwards the events * to their respective services. * * @param[in] p_event Pointer to the database discovery event. */ static void db_disc_handler(ble_db_discovery_evt_t * p_evt) { NRF_LOG_DEBUG("call to ble_nus_on_db_disc_evt for instance %d and link 0x%x!", p_evt->conn_handle, p_evt->conn_handle); ble_nus_c_on_db_disc_evt(&m_ble_nus_c[p_evt->conn_handle], p_evt); } /** @brief Database discovery initialization. */ static void db_discovery_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code = ble_db_discovery_init(db_disc_handler); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } /**@brief Function for initializing the UART. */ static void uart_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; app_uart_comm_params_t const comm_params = { .rx_pin_no = RX_PIN_NUMBER, .tx_pin_no = TX_PIN_NUMBER, .rts_pin_no = RTS_PIN_NUMBER, .cts_pin_no = CTS_PIN_NUMBER, .flow_control = APP_UART_FLOW_CONTROL_DISABLED, .use_parity = false, .baud_rate = UART_BAUDRATE_BAUDRATE_Baud115200 }; APP_UART_FIFO_INIT(&comm_params, UART_RX_BUF_SIZE, UART_TX_BUF_SIZE, uart_event_handle, APP_IRQ_PRIORITY_LOWEST, err_code); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } /**@brief Function for initializing power management. */ static void power_management_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; err_code = nrf_pwr_mgmt_init(); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } /**@brief Function for handling the idle state (main loop). * * @details This function handles any pending log operations, then sleeps until the next event occurs. */ static void idle_state_handle(void) { if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false) { nrf_pwr_mgmt_run(); } } /** @brief Function for initializing the log module. */ static void log_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT(); } /** @brief Function for initializing the timer. */ static void timer_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code = app_timer_init(); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } /**@brief Function for handling events from the GATT library. */ void gatt_evt_handler(nrf_ble_gatt_t * p_gatt, nrf_ble_gatt_evt_t const * p_evt) { if (p_evt->evt_id == NRF_BLE_GATT_EVT_ATT_MTU_UPDATED) { NRF_LOG_INFO("ATT MTU exchange completed."); m_ble_nus_max_data_len = p_evt->params.att_mtu_effective - OPCODE_LENGTH - HANDLE_LENGTH; NRF_LOG_INFO("Ble NUS max data length set to 0x%X(%d)", m_ble_nus_max_data_len, m_ble_nus_max_data_len); } } /**@brief Function for initializing the GATT library. */ void gatt_init(void) { ret_code_t err_code; err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, gatt_evt_handler); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_att_mtu_central_set(&m_gatt, NRF_SDH_BLE_GATT_MAX_MTU_SIZE); APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code); } int main(void) { // Initialize. log_init(); timer_init(); leds_init(); power_management_init(); ble_stack_init(); gatt_init(); db_discovery_init(); ble_conn_state_init(); uart_init(); nus_c_init(); scan_init(); // Start execution. NRF_LOG_INFO("Multilink example started."); scan_start(); for (;;) { idle_state_handle(); } }