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nRF51822 Le secure connection

Hello all.

I am developing a BT4.2 compliant application.
I have a question about LESC (LE Secure Connection).

devzone.nordicsemi.com/.../how-to-implement-ecc-functions-on-sdk-v12- 3-0-and-nrf51822 / 142314 # 142314
I had add the above process.

But, if you connect using "nRF Connect" on a PC, a DHKEY error (BLE_GAP_SEC_STATUS_DHKEY_FAILURE) will occur.
And connecting with "nRF Connect" on ipad pro results in unspecified error in Public key exchange.

However, I can connect with the module I created.

Any idea what might be happening?
Thanks.

【Development environment】

nRF51822

SDK12.3

Parents Reply Children
  • thank you for your answer.

    Only the connection between modules is confirmed before modifying.
    It worked correctly.

    The same DHKEY error occurs in SDK 12.3 "ble_app_multirole_lesc".

    The evaluation method is connected with LES (module: display only , PC: keybord).

    Sorry, the code can not be disclosed.
    Describes the setting value and sniffer data.
    Please let us know if you have other necessary information.

    [Setting value]
    m_sec_params.bond = true;
    m_sec_params.mitm = true;
    m_sec_params.lesc = true;
    m_sec_params.keypress = false;
    m_sec_params.io_caps = m_io_capabilities;
    m_sec_params.oob = false;
    m_sec_params.min_key_size = 7;
    m_sec_params.max_key_size = 16;
    m_sec_params.kdist_own.enc = 1;
    m_sec_params.kdist_own.id = 1;
    m_sec_params.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    m_sec_params.kdist_peer.id = 1;

         err_code = pm_sec_params_set (& m_sec_params);
         APP_ERROR_CHECK (err_code);

    【Sniffer data】

    4111.ble_app_multirole_lesc.pcapng

  • Hi,

    From the sniffer trace, I see that Authentication stage 1 commences as expected, but authentication stage 2 (DHKey checks) fails. This indicates that there was a problem with the DHKey calculation, and therefore both peers do not have the same key.

    Your configuration (of m_sec_params) is identical with the unmodified multirole example, except that you use to display only for IO capabilities. I tested this on my side now, using nRF Connect on a PC and it works as expected.

    What other modifications have you done to the example? Have you done any changes to the handling of the BLE_GAP_EVT_LESC_DHKEY_REQUEST event, where the key (shared secret) is calculated? Can you test again using an unmodified example, where the only modification is the io capabilities?

  • thank you for your answer.

    Even if "ble_app_multirole_lesc" that does not change the BLE processing is used, a DHKEY error occurred.

    Is there a problem with the development environment and tool settings?

    【Development environment】
    Compiler: Segger Embedded studio v3.34a
    * KEIL project has been changed.
                         The project file could not be uploaded
    ecc was compiled with cygwin's gcc.

    /**
     * Copyright (c) 2016 - 2017, Nordic Semiconductor ASA
     * 
     * All rights reserved.
     * 
     * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
     * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
     * 
     * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
     *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form, except as embedded into a Nordic
     *    Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit in a product or a software update for
     *    such product, must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
     *    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
     *    materials provided with the distribution.
     * 
     * 3. Neither the name of Nordic Semiconductor ASA nor the names of its
     *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
     *    software without specific prior written permission.
     * 
     * 4. This software, with or without modification, must only be used with a
     *    Nordic Semiconductor ASA integrated circuit.
     * 
     * 5. Any software provided in binary form under this license must not be reverse
     *    engineered, decompiled, modified and/or disassembled.
     * 
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS
     * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
     * OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
     * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORDIC SEMICONDUCTOR ASA OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
     * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
     * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
     * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
     * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     * 
     */
    
    /**
     * @brief BLE multirole LESC example application main file.
     *
     * @detail This application demonstrates bonding with LE Secure Connections both as a peripheral and as a central.
     *
     * Led layout:
     * LED 1: Central side is scanning       LED 2: Central side is connected to a peripheral
     * LED 3: Peripheral side is advertising LED 4: Peripheral side is connected to a central
     *
     * @note: This application requires the use of an external ECC library for public key and shared secret calculation.
     *        Refer to the application's documentation for more details.
     *
     */
    
    #include <stdint.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include "nordic_common.h"
    #include "softdevice_handler.h"
    #include "peer_manager.h"
    #include "app_timer.h"
    #include "boards.h"
    #include "bsp.h"
    #include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
    #include "ble.h"
    #include "app_uart.h"
    #include "app_util.h"
    #include "ble_advdata.h"
    #include "ble_advertising.h"
    #include "ble_conn_params.h"
    #include "ble_db_discovery.h"
    #include "ble_hrs.h"
    #include "ble_hrs_c.h"
    #include "ble_conn_state.h"
    #include "fstorage.h"
    #include "fds.h"
    #include "nrf_crypto.h"
    #define NRF_LOG_MODULE_NAME "APP"
    #include "nrf_log.h"
    #include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
    
    #define LESC_DEBUG_MODE 0 /**< Set to 1 to use LESC debug keys, allows you to use a sniffer to inspect traffic. */
    #define LESC_MITM_NC 1    /**< Use MITM (Numeric Comparison). */
    
    #define APP_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED   BLE_GATT_STATUS_ATTERR_APP_BEGIN + 2          /**< Reply when unsupported features are requested. */
    
    #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 3)
    #define NRF_BLE_MAX_MTU_SIZE        GATT_MTU_SIZE_DEFAULT                         /**< MTU size used in the softdevice enabling and to reply to a BLE_GATTS_EVT_EXCHANGE_MTU_REQUEST event. */
    #endif
    
    #define CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT          1                                             /**< Number of central links used by the application. When changing this number remember to adjust the RAM settings*/
    #define PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT       1                                             /**< Number of peripheral links used by the application. When changing this number remember to adjust the RAM settings*/
    
    /* Central related. */
    
    #define CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED        BSP_BOARD_LED_0
    #define CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED       BSP_BOARD_LED_1
    
    #define APP_TIMER_PRESCALER         0                                             /**< Value of the RTC1 PRESCALER register. */
    #define APP_TIMER_MAX_TIMERS        (2 + BSP_APP_TIMERS_NUMBER)                   /**< Maximum number of timers used by the application. */
    #define APP_TIMER_OP_QUEUE_SIZE     2                                             /**< Size of timer operation queues. */
    
    #define SEC_PARAMS_BOND             1                                             /**< Perform bonding. */
    #if LESC_MITM_NC
    #define SEC_PARAMS_MITM             1                                             /**< Man In The Middle protection required. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_IO_CAPABILITIES  BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_DISPLAY_ONLY                 /**< Display Yes/No to force Numeric Comparison. */
    #else
    #define SEC_PARAMS_MITM             0                                             /**< Man In The Middle protection required. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_IO_CAPABILITIES  BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_NONE                          /**< No I/O caps. */
    #endif
    #define SEC_PARAMS_LESC             1                                             /**< LE Secure Connections pairing required. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_KEYPRESS         0                                             /**< Keypress notifications not required. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_OOB              0                                             /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_MIN_KEY_SIZE     7                                             /**< Minimum encryption key size in octets. */
    #define SEC_PARAMS_MAX_KEY_SIZE     16                                            /**< Maximum encryption key size in octets. */
    
    #define SCAN_INTERVAL               0x00A0                                        /**< Determines scan interval in units of 0.625 millisecond. */
    #define SCAN_WINDOW                 0x0050                                        /**< Determines scan window in units of 0.625 millisecond. */
    #define SCAN_TIMEOUT                0
    
    #define MIN_CONNECTION_INTERVAL     (uint16_t) MSEC_TO_UNITS(7.5, UNIT_1_25_MS)   /**< Determines minimum connection interval in milliseconds. */
    #define MAX_CONNECTION_INTERVAL     (uint16_t) MSEC_TO_UNITS(30, UNIT_1_25_MS)    /**< Determines maximum connection interval in milliseconds. */
    #define SLAVE_LATENCY               0                                             /**< Determines slave latency in terms of connection events. */
    #define SUPERVISION_TIMEOUT         (uint16_t) MSEC_TO_UNITS(4000, UNIT_10_MS)    /**< Determines supervision time-out in units of 10 milliseconds. */
    
    /**@brief Variable length data encapsulation in terms of length and pointer to data. */
    typedef struct
    {
        uint8_t     * p_data;    /**< Pointer to data. */
        uint16_t      data_len;  /**< Length of data. */
    } data_t;
    
    /**
     * @brief Parameters used when scanning.
     */
    static const ble_gap_scan_params_t m_scan_params =
    {
        .active   = 1,
        .interval = SCAN_INTERVAL,
        .window   = SCAN_WINDOW,
        .timeout  = SCAN_TIMEOUT,
        #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 2)
            .selective   = 0,
            .p_whitelist = NULL,
        #endif
        #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 3)
            .use_whitelist = 0,
        #endif
    };
    
    /**@brief Connection parameters requested for connection. */
    static const ble_gap_conn_params_t m_connection_param =
    {
        (uint16_t)MIN_CONNECTION_INTERVAL,
        (uint16_t)MAX_CONNECTION_INTERVAL,
        0,
        (uint16_t)SUPERVISION_TIMEOUT
    };
    
    static ble_hrs_c_t        m_ble_hrs_c;                                                    /**< Main structure used by the Heart rate client module. */
    static uint16_t           m_conn_handle_hrs_c            = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;       /**< Connection handle for the HRS central application */
    
    static ble_db_discovery_t m_ble_db_discovery[CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT + PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT]; /**< list of DB structures used by the database discovery module. */
    
    /* Peripheral related. */
    
    #define PERIPHERAL_ADVERTISING_LED       BSP_BOARD_LED_2
    #define PERIPHERAL_CONNECTED_LED         BSP_BOARD_LED_3
    
    #define DEVICE_NAME                      "NordicLESCApp"                            /**< Name of device used for advertising. */
    #define MANUFACTURER_NAME                "NordicSemiconductor"                      /**< Manufacturer. Will be passed to Device Information Service. */
    #define APP_ADV_INTERVAL                 300                                        /**< The advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms). This value corresponds to 187.5 ms. */
    #define APP_ADV_TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS       180                                        /**< The advertising timeout in units of seconds. */
    
    #define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY   APP_TIMER_TICKS(5000, APP_TIMER_PRESCALER) /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
    #define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY    APP_TIMER_TICKS(30000, APP_TIMER_PRESCALER)/**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
    #define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT     3                                          /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */
    
    static ble_hrs_t    m_hrs;                                                          /**< Main structure for the Heart rate server module. */
    
    #define BLE_GAP_LESC_P256_SK_LEN 32
    /**@brief GAP LE Secure Connections P-256 Private Key. */
    typedef struct
    {
      uint8_t   sk[BLE_GAP_LESC_P256_SK_LEN];        /**< LE Secure Connections Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman P-256 Private Key in little-endian. */
    } ble_gap_lesc_p256_sk_t;
    
    static bool     m_numneric_match_requested = false;
    static uint16_t m_num_comp_conn_handle;    
    static char invalid_role_str[] = "INVALID_ROLE";
    static char central_str[] = "CENTRAL";
    static char periph_str[] = "PERIPHERAL";
    static char *roles_str[BLE_GAP_ROLE_CENTRAL+1];
    
    
    #if LESC_DEBUG_MODE
    /**@brief Bluetooth SIG debug mode Private Key */
    __ALIGN(4) static const ble_gap_lesc_p256_sk_t m_debug_lesc_sk = {{0xbd,0x1a,0x3c,0xcd,0xa6,0xb8,0x99,0x58,0x99,0xb7,0x40,0xeb,0x7b,0x60,0xff,0x4a, \
                                                     0x50,0x3f,0x10,0xd2,0xe3,0xb3,0xc9,0x74,0x38,0x5f,0xc5,0xa3,0xd4,0xf6,0x49,0x3f}};
    #else
    /**@brief Private Key: Replace with your own one, can be a random number or generated using a tool like OpenSSL */
    __ALIGN(4) static const ble_gap_lesc_p256_sk_t m_lesc_sk = {{0x4a,0xa3,0x74,0x4b,0xa9,0xfc,0x2a,0x3a,0x8e,0x5a,0xd5,0x15,0xf8,0xe3,0x3f,0xb0, \
                                                     0x82,0x6c,0x98,0xf0,0x32,0x2a,0x51,0xee,0xb5,0x35,0x57,0x12,0xac,0x73,0x25,0x04}};
    #endif
    __ALIGN(4) static ble_gap_lesc_p256_pk_t m_lesc_pk;    /**< LESC ECC Public Key */
    __ALIGN(4) static ble_gap_lesc_dhkey_t m_lesc_dhkey;   /**< LESC ECC DH Key*/
    
    static nrf_crypto_key_t m_crypto_key_sk =
    {
    #if LESC_DEBUG_MODE
        .p_le_data = (uint8_t *) m_debug_lesc_sk.sk,
    #else
        .p_le_data = (uint8_t *) m_lesc_sk.sk,
    #endif
        .len = sizeof(m_lesc_sk.sk)
    };
    static nrf_crypto_key_t m_crypto_key_pk =
    {
        .p_le_data = (uint8_t *) m_lesc_pk.pk,
        .len = sizeof(m_lesc_pk.pk)
    };
    static nrf_crypto_key_t m_crypto_key_dhkey =
    {
        .p_le_data = (uint8_t *) m_lesc_dhkey.key,
        .len = sizeof(m_lesc_dhkey.key)
    };
    
    /* IAR has no support for the __ALIGN macro */
    #if defined(__ICCARM__)
    #pragma data_alignment = 1
    #endif
    
    /**@brief names which the central applications will scan for, and which will be advertised by the peripherals.
     *  if these are set to empty strings, the UUIDs defined below will be used
     */
    static const char m_target_periph_name[] = "";
    
    /**@brief UUIDs which the central applications will scan for if the name above is set to an empty string,
     * and which will be advertised by the peripherals.
     */
    static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[] = {{BLE_UUID_HEART_RATE_SERVICE,         BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE},
                                       {BLE_UUID_RUNNING_SPEED_AND_CADENCE,  BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE}};
    
    char passkey[BLE_GAP_PASSKEY_LEN + 1];
    
    /**@brief Function to handle asserts in the SoftDevice.
     *
     * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
     *
     * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyze
     *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
     * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
     *
     * @param[in] line_num     Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
     * @param[in] p_file_name  File name of the failing ASSERT call.
     */
    void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
    {
        app_error_handler(0xDEADBEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
    }
    
    
    void uart_error_handle(app_uart_evt_t * p_event)
    {
        if (p_event->evt_type == APP_UART_COMMUNICATION_ERROR)
        {
            APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_communication);
        }
        else if (p_event->evt_type == APP_UART_FIFO_ERROR)
        {
            APP_ERROR_HANDLER(p_event->data.error_code);
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling errors from the Connection Parameters module.
     *
     * @param[in] nrf_error  Error code containing information about what went wrong.
     */
    static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
    }
    
    
    /**
     * @brief Parses advertisement data, providing length and location of the field in case
     *        matching data is found.
     *
     * @param[in]  Type of data to be looked for in advertisement data.
     * @param[in]  Advertisement report length and pointer to report.
     * @param[out] If data type requested is found in the data report, type data length and
     *             pointer to data will be populated here.
     *
     * @retval NRF_SUCCESS if the data type is found in the report.
     * @retval NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND if the data type could not be found.
     */
    static uint32_t adv_report_parse(uint8_t type, data_t * p_advdata, data_t * p_typedata)
    {
        uint32_t  index = 0;
        uint8_t * p_data;
    
        p_data = p_advdata->p_data;
    
        while (index < p_advdata->data_len)
        {
            uint8_t field_length = p_data[index];
            uint8_t field_type   = p_data[index + 1];
    
            if (field_type == type)
            {
                p_typedata->p_data   = &p_data[index + 2];
                p_typedata->data_len = field_length - 1;
                return NRF_SUCCESS;
            }
            index += field_length + 1;
        }
        return NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initiating scanning.
     */
    static void scan_start(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
    
        (void) sd_ble_gap_scan_stop();
    
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_scan_start(&m_scan_params);
        // It is okay to ignore this error since we are stopping the scan anyway.
        if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
        {
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        }
        NRF_LOG_INFO("Scanning\r\n");        
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initiating advertising and scanning.
     */
    static void adv_scan_start(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        uint32_t count;
    
        //check if there are no flash operations in progress
        err_code = fs_queued_op_count_get(&count);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        if (count == 0)
        {
            // Start scanning for peripherals and initiate connection to devices which
            // advertise Heart Rate or Running speed and cadence UUIDs.
    //        scan_start();
    
            // Turn on the LED to signal scanning.
    //        bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED);
        }
    
            // Start advertising.
            err_code = ble_advertising_start(BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Advertising\r\n");    
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling File Data Storage events.
     *
     * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
     * @param[in] cmd
     */
    static void fds_evt_handler(fds_evt_t const * const p_fds_evt)
    {
        if (p_fds_evt->id == FDS_EVT_GC)
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GC completed\r\n");
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
     *
     * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
     */
    static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        uint16_t role = ble_conn_state_role(p_evt->conn_handle);
    
        switch (p_evt->evt_id)
        {
            case PM_EVT_BONDED_PEER_CONNECTED:
            {
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("%s : PM_EVT_BONDED_PEER_CONNECTED: peer_id=%d\r\n",
                               nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]),
                               p_evt->peer_id);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_START:
            {
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("%s : PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_START: peer_id=%d\r\n",
                               nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]), 
                               p_evt->peer_id);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_SUCCEEDED:
            {
                NRF_LOG_INFO("%s : PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_SUCCEEDED conn_handle: %d, Procedure: %d\r\n",
                               nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]),
                               p_evt->conn_handle,
                               p_evt->params.conn_sec_succeeded.procedure);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_FAILED:
            {
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("%s: PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_FAILED: peer_id=%d, error=%d\r\n", 
                              nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]),
                              p_evt->peer_id, 
                              p_evt->params.conn_sec_failed.error);
    
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_CONN_SEC_CONFIG_REQ:
            {
                // Reject pairing request from an already bonded peer.
                pm_conn_sec_config_t conn_sec_config = {.allow_repairing = false};
                pm_conn_sec_config_reply(p_evt->conn_handle, &conn_sec_config);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_STORAGE_FULL:
            {
                // Run garbage collection on the flash.
                err_code = fds_gc();
                if (err_code == FDS_ERR_BUSY || err_code == FDS_ERR_NO_SPACE_IN_QUEUES)
                {
                    // Retry.
                }
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEER_DATA_UPDATE_SUCCEEDED:
            {
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("%s: PM_EVT_PEER_DATA_UPDATE_SUCCEEDED: peer_id=%d data_id=0x%x action=0x%x\r\n",
                               nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]), 
                               p_evt->peer_id, 
                               p_evt->params.peer_data_update_succeeded.data_id, 
                               p_evt->params.peer_data_update_succeeded.action);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            {
                adv_scan_start();
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_LOCAL_DB_CACHE_APPLY_FAILED:
            {
                // The local database has likely changed, send service changed indications.
                pm_local_database_has_changed();
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEER_DATA_UPDATE_FAILED:
            {
                // Assert.
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(p_evt->params.peer_data_update_failed.error);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEER_DELETE_FAILED:
            {
                // Assert.
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(p_evt->params.peer_delete_failed.error);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_FAILED:
            {
                // Assert.
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(p_evt->params.peers_delete_failed_evt.error);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_ERROR_UNEXPECTED:
            {
                // Assert.
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(p_evt->params.error_unexpected.error);
            } break;
    
            case PM_EVT_PEER_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            case PM_EVT_LOCAL_DB_CACHE_APPLIED:
            case PM_EVT_SERVICE_CHANGED_IND_SENT:
            case PM_EVT_SERVICE_CHANGED_IND_CONFIRMED:
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Handles events coming from the Heart Rate central module.
     */
    static void hrs_c_evt_handler(ble_hrs_c_t * p_hrs_c, ble_hrs_c_evt_t * p_hrs_c_evt)
    {
        switch (p_hrs_c_evt->evt_type)
        {
            case BLE_HRS_C_EVT_DISCOVERY_COMPLETE:
            {
                if (m_conn_handle_hrs_c == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
                {
                    ret_code_t err_code;
    
                    m_conn_handle_hrs_c = p_hrs_c_evt->conn_handle;
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: HRS discovered on conn_handle 0x%x\r\n",
                                    m_conn_handle_hrs_c);
    
                    err_code = ble_hrs_c_handles_assign(p_hrs_c,
                                                        m_conn_handle_hrs_c,
                                                        &p_hrs_c_evt->params.peer_db);
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                    
                    // Initiate bonding.
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: initiate security");
                    err_code = pm_conn_secure(m_conn_handle_hrs_c, false);
                    if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
                    {
                        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                    }
    
                    // Heart rate service discovered. Enable notification of Heart Rate Measurement.
                    err_code = ble_hrs_c_hrm_notif_enable(p_hrs_c);
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
            } break; // BLE_HRS_C_EVT_DISCOVERY_COMPLETE
    
            case BLE_HRS_C_EVT_HRM_NOTIFICATION:
            {
                NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: Heart Rate = %d\r\n", p_hrs_c_evt->params.hrm.hr_value);
            } break; // BLE_HRS_C_EVT_HRM_NOTIFICATION
    
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for searching a given name in the advertisement packets.
     *
     * @details Use this function to parse received advertising data and to find a given
     * name in them either as 'complete_local_name' or as 'short_local_name'.
     *
     * @param[in]   p_adv_report   advertising data to parse.
     * @param[in]   name_to_find   name to search.
     * @return   true if the given name was found, false otherwise.
     */
    static bool find_adv_name(const ble_gap_evt_adv_report_t *p_adv_report, const char * name_to_find)
    {
        uint32_t err_code;
        data_t   adv_data;
        data_t   dev_name;
    
        // Initialize advertisement report for parsing
        adv_data.p_data     = (uint8_t *)p_adv_report->data;
        adv_data.data_len   = p_adv_report->dlen;
    
        //search for advertising names
        err_code = adv_report_parse(BLE_GAP_AD_TYPE_COMPLETE_LOCAL_NAME,
                                    &adv_data,
                                    &dev_name);
        if (err_code == NRF_SUCCESS)
        {
            if (memcmp(name_to_find, dev_name.p_data, dev_name.data_len )== 0)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // Look for the short local name if it was not found as complete
            err_code = adv_report_parse(BLE_GAP_AD_TYPE_SHORT_LOCAL_NAME,
                                        &adv_data,
                                        &dev_name);
            if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
            {
                return false;
            }
            if (memcmp(m_target_periph_name, dev_name.p_data, dev_name.data_len )== 0)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for searching a UUID in the advertisement packets.
     *
     * @details Use this function to parse received advertising data and to find a given
     * UUID in them.
     *
     * @param[in]   p_adv_report   advertising data to parse.
     * @param[in]   uuid_to_find   UUIID to search.
     * @return   true if the given UUID was found, false otherwise.
     */
    static bool find_adv_uuid(const ble_gap_evt_adv_report_t *p_adv_report, const uint16_t uuid_to_find)
    {
        uint32_t err_code;
        data_t   adv_data;
        data_t   type_data;
    
        // Initialize advertisement report for parsing.
        adv_data.p_data     = (uint8_t *)p_adv_report->data;
        adv_data.data_len   = p_adv_report->dlen;
    
        err_code = adv_report_parse(BLE_GAP_AD_TYPE_16BIT_SERVICE_UUID_MORE_AVAILABLE,
                                    &adv_data,
                                    &type_data);
    
        if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
        {
            // Look for the services in 'complete' if it was not found in 'more available'.
            err_code = adv_report_parse(BLE_GAP_AD_TYPE_16BIT_SERVICE_UUID_COMPLETE,
                                        &adv_data,
                                        &type_data);
    
            if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
            {
                // If we can't parse the data, then exit.
                return false;
            }
        }
    
        // Verify if any UUID match the given UUID.
        for (uint32_t u_index = 0; u_index < (type_data.data_len / sizeof(uint16_t)); u_index++)
        {
            uint16_t    extracted_uuid;
    
            extracted_uuid = uint16_decode(&type_data.p_data[u_index * sizeof(uint16_t)]);
    
            if (extracted_uuid == uuid_to_find)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    /**@brief Function for handling BLE Stack events common to both the central and peripheral roles.
     * @param[in] conn_handle Connection Handle.
     * @param[in] p_ble_evt  Bluetooth stack event.
     */
    static void on_ble_evt(uint16_t conn_handle, ble_evt_t * p_ble_evt)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
    //    char passkey[BLE_GAP_PASSKEY_LEN + 1];
        uint16_t role = ble_conn_state_role(conn_handle);
    
        static nrf_crypto_key_t peer_pk;
    
        switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
        {
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST:
                NRF_LOG_INFO("%s: BLE_GAP_EVT_SEC_PARAMS_REQUEST\r\n", nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]));
                break;
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY:
                memcpy(passkey, p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.passkey, BLE_GAP_PASSKEY_LEN);
                passkey[BLE_GAP_PASSKEY_LEN] = 0x00;
                NRF_LOG_INFO("%s: BLE_GAP_EVT_PASSKEY_DISPLAY: passkey=%s match_req=%d\r\n", 
                             nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]),
                             nrf_log_push(passkey), 
                             p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.match_request);
                
                if (p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.passkey_display.match_request)
                {
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("Press Button 1 to confirm, Button 2 to reject\r\n");
                    m_num_comp_conn_handle = conn_handle;
                    m_numneric_match_requested = true;
                }
                break;
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST:
                NRF_LOG_INFO("%s: BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_KEY_REQUEST\r\n", nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]));
                break;
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_LESC_DHKEY_REQUEST:
                NRF_LOG_INFO("%s: BLE_GAP_EVT_LESC_DHKEY_REQUEST\r\n", nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]));
                peer_pk.p_le_data = &p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.lesc_dhkey_request.p_pk_peer->pk[0];
                peer_pk.len = BLE_GAP_LESC_P256_PK_LEN;
                err_code = nrf_crypto_shared_secret_compute(NRF_CRYPTO_CURVE_SECP256R1, &m_crypto_key_sk, &peer_pk, &m_crypto_key_dhkey);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_lesc_dhkey_reply(conn_handle, &m_lesc_dhkey);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break;
             case BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS:
                 NRF_LOG_INFO("%s: BLE_GAP_EVT_AUTH_STATUS: status=0x%x bond=0x%x lv4: %d kdist_own:0x%x kdist_peer:0x%x\r\n",
                              nrf_log_push(roles_str[role]), 
                              p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.auth_status,
                              p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.bonded,
                              p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.sm1_levels.lv4,
                              *((uint8_t *)&p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.kdist_own),
                              *((uint8_t *)&p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.auth_status.kdist_peer));
                break;
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling BLE Stack events concerning central applications.
     *
     * @details This function keeps the connection handles of central applications up-to-date. It
     * parses scanning reports, initiating a connection attempt to peripherals when a target UUID
     * is found, and manages connection parameter update requests. Additionally, it updates the status
     * of LEDs used to report central applications activity.
     *
     * @note        Since this function updates connection handles, @ref BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED events
     *              should be dispatched to the target application before invoking this function.
     *
     * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
     */
    static void on_ble_central_evt(const ble_evt_t * const p_ble_evt)
    {
        const ble_gap_evt_t   * const p_gap_evt = &p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt;
        ret_code_t                    err_code;
    
        switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
        {
            /** Upon connection, check which peripheral has connected (HR or RSC), initiate DB
             *  discovery, update LEDs status and resume scanning if necessary. */
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
            {
                NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: connected\r\n");
                /** If no Heart Rate sensor is currently connected, try to find them on this peripheral*/
                if (m_conn_handle_hrs_c == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
                {
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: try to find HRS on conn_handle 0x%x\r\n", p_gap_evt->conn_handle);
    
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK_BOOL(p_gap_evt->conn_handle < CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT + PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT);
                    err_code = ble_db_discovery_start(&m_ble_db_discovery[p_gap_evt->conn_handle], p_gap_evt->conn_handle);
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
                /** Update LEDs status, and check if we should be looking for more
                 *  peripherals to connect to. */
                bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED);
                if (ble_conn_state_n_centrals() == CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT)
                {
                    bsp_board_led_off(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED);
                }
                else
                {
                    // Resume scanning.
                    bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED);
                    scan_start();
                }
                
            } break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED
    
            /** Upon disconnection, reset the connection handle of the peer which disconnected, update
             * the LEDs status and start scanning again. */
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            {
                uint8_t n_centrals;
                NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: disconnected (reason: %d)\r\n",
                           p_gap_evt->params.disconnected.reason);
                if (p_gap_evt->conn_handle == m_conn_handle_hrs_c)
                {
                    m_conn_handle_hrs_c = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;
                }
                
                if (m_conn_handle_hrs_c == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
                {
                    // Start scanning
                    scan_start();
    
                    // Update LEDs status.
                    bsp_board_led_on(CENTRAL_SCANNING_LED);
                }
                n_centrals = ble_conn_state_n_centrals();
    
                if (n_centrals == 0)
                {
                    bsp_board_led_off(CENTRAL_CONNECTED_LED);
                }
            } break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_ADV_REPORT:
            {
                if (strlen(m_target_periph_name) != 0)
                {
                    if (find_adv_name(&p_gap_evt->params.adv_report, m_target_periph_name))
                    {
                        // Initiate connection.
                        NRF_LOG_INFO("central connecting ...\r\n");
                        err_code = sd_ble_gap_connect(&p_gap_evt->params.adv_report.peer_addr,
                                                      &m_scan_params,
                                                      &m_connection_param);
                        if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
                        {
                            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("Connection Request Failed, reason %d\r\n", err_code);
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                   /** We do not want to connect to two peripherals offering the same service, so when
                    *  a UUID is matched, we check that we are not already connected to a peer which
                    *  offers the same service. */
                    if (find_adv_uuid(&p_gap_evt->params.adv_report, BLE_UUID_HEART_RATE_SERVICE)&&
                         (m_conn_handle_hrs_c == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID))
                    {
                        // Initiate connection.
                        NRF_LOG_INFO("CENTRAL: connecting ...\r\n");
                        err_code = sd_ble_gap_connect(&p_gap_evt->params.adv_report.peer_addr,
                                                      &m_scan_params,
                                                      &m_connection_param);
                        if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
                        {
                            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("CENTRAL: Connection Request Failed, reason %d\r\n", err_code);
                        }
                    }
                }
            } break; // BLE_GAP_ADV_REPORT
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            {
                // We have not specified a timeout for scanning, so only connection attemps can timeout.
                if (p_gap_evt->params.timeout.src == BLE_GAP_TIMEOUT_SRC_CONN)
                {
                    NRF_LOG_DEBUG("CENTRAL: Connection Request timed out.\r\n");
                }
            } break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_TIMEOUT
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE_REQUEST:
            {
                // Accept parameters requested by peer.
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update(p_gap_evt->conn_handle,
                                            &p_gap_evt->params.conn_param_update_request.conn_params);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            } break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_CONN_PARAM_UPDATE_REQUEST
    
            case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("CENTRAL: GATT Client Timeout.\r\n");
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT
    
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("CENTRAL: GATT Server Timeout.\r\n");
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT
    
    #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 3)
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_EXCHANGE_MTU_REQUEST:
                err_code = sd_ble_gatts_exchange_mtu_reply(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                           NRF_BLE_MAX_MTU_SIZE);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTS_EVT_EXCHANGE_MTU_REQUEST
    #endif
    
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling BLE Stack events involving peripheral applications. Manages the
     * LEDs used to report the status of the peripheral applications.
     *
     * @param[in] p_ble_evt  Bluetooth stack event.
     */
    static void on_ble_peripheral_evt(ble_evt_t * p_ble_evt)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
        {
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
                NRF_LOG_INFO("PERIPHERAL: connected\r\n");
                bsp_board_led_off(PERIPHERAL_ADVERTISING_LED);
                bsp_board_led_on(PERIPHERAL_CONNECTED_LED);
                break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED
    
            case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
                NRF_LOG_INFO("PERIPHERAL: disconnected, reason %d\r\n", 
                              p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.params.disconnected.reason);
                bsp_board_led_off(PERIPHERAL_CONNECTED_LED);
            break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED
    
            case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PERIPHERAL: GATT Client Timeout.\r\n");
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT
    
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
                // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PERIPHERAL: GATT Server Timeout.\r\n");
                err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                 BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT
    
            case BLE_EVT_USER_MEM_REQUEST:
                err_code = sd_ble_user_mem_reply(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, NULL);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_EVT_USER_MEM_REQUEST
    
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_RW_AUTHORIZE_REQUEST:
            {
                ble_gatts_evt_rw_authorize_request_t  req;
                ble_gatts_rw_authorize_reply_params_t auth_reply;
    
                req = p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.params.authorize_request;
    
                if (req.type != BLE_GATTS_AUTHORIZE_TYPE_INVALID)
                {
                    if ((req.request.write.op == BLE_GATTS_OP_PREP_WRITE_REQ)     ||
                        (req.request.write.op == BLE_GATTS_OP_EXEC_WRITE_REQ_NOW) ||
                        (req.request.write.op == BLE_GATTS_OP_EXEC_WRITE_REQ_CANCEL))
                    {
                        if (req.type == BLE_GATTS_AUTHORIZE_TYPE_WRITE)
                        {
                            auth_reply.type = BLE_GATTS_AUTHORIZE_TYPE_WRITE;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            auth_reply.type = BLE_GATTS_AUTHORIZE_TYPE_READ;
                        }
                        auth_reply.params.write.gatt_status = APP_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED;
                        err_code = sd_ble_gatts_rw_authorize_reply(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                                   &auth_reply);
                        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                    }
                }
            } break; // BLE_GATTS_EVT_RW_AUTHORIZE_REQUEST
    
    #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 3)
            case BLE_GATTS_EVT_EXCHANGE_MTU_REQUEST:
                err_code = sd_ble_gatts_exchange_mtu_reply(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                                           NRF_BLE_MAX_MTU_SIZE);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                break; // BLE_GATTS_EVT_EXCHANGE_MTU_REQUEST
    #endif
    
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
     *
     * @param[in] ble_adv_evt  Advertising event.
     */
    static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
    {
        switch (ble_adv_evt)
        {
            case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
                bsp_board_led_on(PERIPHERAL_ADVERTISING_LED);
                break;
    
            case BLE_ADV_EVT_IDLE:
            {
                ret_code_t err_code;
                err_code = ble_advertising_start(BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            } break;
    
            default:
                // No implementation needed.
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for dispatching a BLE stack event to all modules with a BLE stack event handler.
     *
     * @details This function is called from the scheduler in the main loop after a BLE stack event has
     * been received.
     *
     * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
     */
    static void ble_evt_dispatch(ble_evt_t * p_ble_evt)
    {
        uint16_t conn_handle;
        uint16_t role;
    
        /** The Connection state module has to be fed BLE events in order to function correctly
         * Remember to call ble_conn_state_on_ble_evt before calling any ble_conns_state_* functions. */
        ble_conn_state_on_ble_evt(p_ble_evt);
    
        pm_on_ble_evt(p_ble_evt);
    
        // The connection handle should really be retrievable for any event type.
        conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
        role        = ble_conn_state_role(conn_handle);
    
        on_ble_evt(conn_handle, p_ble_evt);
    
        // Based on the role this device plays in the connection, dispatch to the right applications.
        if (role == BLE_GAP_ROLE_PERIPH)
        {
            // Manages peripheral LEDs.
            on_ble_peripheral_evt(p_ble_evt);
    
            ble_advertising_on_ble_evt(p_ble_evt);
            ble_conn_params_on_ble_evt(p_ble_evt);
    
            // Dispatch to peripheral applications.
            ble_hrs_on_ble_evt (&m_hrs, p_ble_evt);
        }
        else if ((role == BLE_GAP_ROLE_CENTRAL) || (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id == BLE_GAP_EVT_ADV_REPORT))
        {
            /** on_ble_central_evt will update the connection handles, so we want to execute it
             * after dispatching to the central applications upon disconnection. */
            if (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id != BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED)
            {
                on_ble_central_evt(p_ble_evt);
            }
    
            if (conn_handle < CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT + PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT)
            {
                ble_db_discovery_on_ble_evt(&m_ble_db_discovery[conn_handle], p_ble_evt);
            }
            ble_hrs_c_on_ble_evt(&m_ble_hrs_c, p_ble_evt);
    
            // If the peer disconnected, we update the connection handles last.
            if (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id == BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED)
            {
                on_ble_central_evt(p_ble_evt);
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for dispatching a system event to interested modules.
     *
     * @details This function is called from the System event interrupt handler after a system
     *          event has been received.
     *
     * @param[in]   sys_evt   System stack event.
     */
    static void sys_evt_dispatch(uint32_t sys_evt)
    {
        ble_advertising_on_sys_evt(sys_evt);
        /** Dispatch the system event to the Flash Storage module, where it will be
         *  dispatched to the Flash Data Storage module and from there to the Peer Manager. */
        fs_sys_event_handler(sys_evt);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Heart rate collector initialization.
     */
    static void hrs_c_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t         err_code;
        ble_hrs_c_init_t hrs_c_init_obj;
    
        hrs_c_init_obj.evt_handler = hrs_c_evt_handler;
    
        err_code = ble_hrs_c_init(&m_ble_hrs_c, &hrs_c_init_obj);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack.
     *
     * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupts.
     */
    static void ble_stack_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
    
        // Initialize the SoftDevice handler module.
        nrf_clock_lf_cfg_t clock_lf_cfg = {.source        = NRF_CLOCK_LF_SRC_RC,      \
                                     .rc_ctiv       = 16,                             \
                                     .rc_temp_ctiv  = 2,                              \
                                     .xtal_accuracy = NRF_CLOCK_LF_XTAL_ACCURACY_250_PPM};
        SOFTDEVICE_HANDLER_INIT(&clock_lf_cfg, NULL);
    
        ble_enable_params_t ble_enable_params;
        err_code = softdevice_enable_get_default_config(CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT,
                                                        PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT,
                                                        &ble_enable_params);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        //Check the ram settings against the used number of links
        CHECK_RAM_START_ADDR(CENTRAL_LINK_COUNT,PERIPHERAL_LINK_COUNT);
    
        // Enable BLE stack.
    #if (NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION == 3)
        ble_enable_params.gatt_enable_params.att_mtu = NRF_BLE_MAX_MTU_SIZE;
    #endif
        err_code = softdevice_enable(&ble_enable_params);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // Register with the SoftDevice handler module for BLE events.
        err_code = softdevice_ble_evt_handler_set(ble_evt_dispatch);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // Register with the SoftDevice handler module for System events.
        err_code = softdevice_sys_evt_handler_set(sys_evt_dispatch);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization.
     *
     * @param[in] erase_bonds  Indicates whether bonding information should be cleared from
     *                         persistent storage during initialization of the Peer Manager.
     */
    static void peer_manager_init(bool erase_bonds)
    {
        ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_params;
        ret_code_t err_code;
    
        err_code = pm_init();
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        if (erase_bonds)
        {
            (void) pm_peers_delete();
        }
    
        memset(&sec_params, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));
    
        // Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
        sec_params.bond           = SEC_PARAMS_BOND;
        sec_params.mitm           = SEC_PARAMS_MITM;
        sec_params.lesc           = SEC_PARAMS_LESC;
        sec_params.keypress       = SEC_PARAMS_KEYPRESS;
        sec_params.io_caps        = SEC_PARAMS_IO_CAPABILITIES;
        sec_params.oob            = SEC_PARAMS_OOB;
        sec_params.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAMS_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
        sec_params.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAMS_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
        sec_params.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
        sec_params.kdist_own.id   = 1;
        sec_params.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
        sec_params.kdist_peer.id  = 1;
    
        err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_params);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        err_code = fds_register(fds_evt_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        nrf_crypto_init();
    
        err_code = nrf_crypto_public_key_compute(NRF_CRYPTO_CURVE_SECP256R1, &m_crypto_key_sk, &m_crypto_key_pk);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        /* Set the public key */
        err_code = pm_lesc_public_key_set(&m_lesc_pk);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    /**@brief Function for handling events from the BSP module.
     *
     * @param[in]   event   Event generated by button press.
     */
    static void bsp_event_handler(bsp_event_t event)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        switch (event)
        {
            case BSP_EVENT_KEY_0:
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("BSP_EVENT_KEY_0\r\n");
                err_code = ble_hrs_heart_rate_measurement_send(&m_hrs, 87);
                if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
                    (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
                    (err_code != BLE_ERROR_NO_TX_PACKETS) &&
                    (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
                    )
                {
                    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
                }
                if (m_numneric_match_requested)
                {
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("Numeric Match\r\n");
                    err_code = sd_ble_gap_auth_key_reply(m_num_comp_conn_handle, BLE_GAP_AUTH_KEY_TYPE_PASSKEY, NULL);
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                    m_numneric_match_requested = false;
                }
                break;
    
          case BSP_EVENT_KEY_1:
                NRF_LOG_DEBUG("BSP_EVENT_KEY_1\r\n");
                if (m_numneric_match_requested)
                {
                    NRF_LOG_INFO("Numeric REJECT\r\n");
                    err_code = sd_ble_gap_auth_key_reply(m_num_comp_conn_handle, BLE_GAP_AUTH_KEY_TYPE_NONE, NULL);//Reject
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                    m_numneric_match_requested = false;
                }
                break;
    
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
     *
     * @param[out] p_erase_bonds  Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to
     *                            wake the application up.
     */
    static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
    {
        bsp_event_t startup_event;
    
        ret_code_t err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LED | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS,
                                     APP_TIMER_TICKS(100, APP_TIMER_PRESCALER),
                                     bsp_event_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        *p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
     *
     * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
     *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
     */
    static void gap_params_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t                err_code;
        ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
        ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;
    
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);
    
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                              (const uint8_t *)DEVICE_NAME,
                                              strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));
    
        gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONNECTION_INTERVAL;
        gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONNECTION_INTERVAL;
        gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
        gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = SUPERVISION_TIMEOUT;
    
        err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module.
     */
    static void conn_params_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t               err_code;
        ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;
    
        memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));
    
        cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
        cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
        cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
        cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
        cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID; // Start upon connection.
        cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = true;
        cp_init.evt_handler                    = NULL;  // Ignore events.
        cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;
    
        err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for handling database discovery events.
     *
     * @details This function is callback function to handle events from the database discovery module.
     *          Depending on the UUIDs that are discovered, this function should forward the events
     *          to their respective services.
     *
     * @param[in] p_event  Pointer to the database discovery event.
     */
    static void db_disc_handler(ble_db_discovery_evt_t * p_evt)
    {
        ble_hrs_on_db_disc_evt(&m_ble_hrs_c, p_evt);
    }
    
    
    /**
     * @brief Database discovery initialization.
     */
    static void db_discovery_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = ble_db_discovery_init(db_disc_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
     *
     * @details Initialize the Heart Rate, Battery and Device Information services.
     */
    static void services_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t        err_code;
        ble_hrs_init_t  hrs_init;
        uint8_t         body_sensor_location;
    
        // Initialize the Heart Rate Service.
        body_sensor_location = BLE_HRS_BODY_SENSOR_LOCATION_FINGER;
    
        memset(&hrs_init, 0, sizeof(hrs_init));
    
        hrs_init.evt_handler                 = NULL;
        hrs_init.is_sensor_contact_supported = true;
        hrs_init.p_body_sensor_location      = &body_sensor_location;
    
        // Require LESC with MITM (Numeric Comparison)
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_LESC_ENC_WITH_MITM(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.cccd_write_perm);
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.read_perm);
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.write_perm);
    
        // Require LESC with MITM (Numeric Comparison)
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_LESC_ENC_WITH_MITM(&hrs_init.hrs_bsl_attr_md.read_perm);
        BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_bsl_attr_md.write_perm);
    
        err_code = ble_hrs_init(&m_hrs, &hrs_init);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    /**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality.
     */
    static void advertising_init(void)
    {
        uint32_t               err_code;
        ble_advdata_t          advdata;
        ble_adv_modes_config_t options;
    
        // Build advertising data struct to pass into @ref ble_advertising_init.
        memset(&advdata, 0, sizeof(advdata));
    
        advdata.name_type               = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
        advdata.include_appearance      = true;
        advdata.flags                   = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;
        advdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
        advdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = m_adv_uuids;
    
        memset(&options, 0, sizeof(options));
        options.ble_adv_fast_enabled  = true;
        options.ble_adv_fast_interval = APP_ADV_INTERVAL;
        options.ble_adv_fast_timeout  = APP_ADV_TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS;
    
        err_code = ble_advertising_init(&advdata, NULL, &options, on_adv_evt, NULL);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
    }
    
    
    /** @brief Function to sleep until a BLE event is received by the application.
     */
    static void power_manage(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code = sd_app_evt_wait();
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }
    
    
    int main(void)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        bool       erase_bonds;
    
        err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        roles_str[BLE_GAP_ROLE_INVALID] = invalid_role_str;
        roles_str[BLE_GAP_ROLE_PERIPH] = periph_str;
        roles_str[BLE_GAP_ROLE_CENTRAL] = central_str;
        
        APP_TIMER_INIT(APP_TIMER_PRESCALER, APP_TIMER_OP_QUEUE_SIZE, NULL);
        buttons_leds_init(&erase_bonds);
    
        if (erase_bonds)
        {
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Bonds erased!\r\n");
        }
        ble_stack_init();
    
        peer_manager_init(erase_bonds);
    
        db_discovery_init();
        hrs_c_init();
    
        NRF_LOG_INFO("LE Secure Connections Example\r\n");
        
        gap_params_init();
        conn_params_init();
        services_init();
        advertising_init();
    
        adv_scan_start();
    
        for (;;)
        {
            if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false)
            {
                // Wait for BLE events.
                power_manage();
            }
        }
    }
    

    4520.micro_ecc_lib_nrf51.lib

  • Hi,

    m-o said:
    ecc was compiled with cygwin's gcc.

    You must use a cross-compiler that compiles the code for ARM. I suggest you download and install GNU Tools ARM Embedded 4.9 2015q3, as that is the toolchain that was tested with SDK 12.3. Then set the correct path in <SDK>components\toolchain\gcc\Makefile.windows and build the micro-ecc library which you use by simply calling "make" in the correct folder for your toolchain under <SDK>\external\micro-ecc\.

    m-o said:
    Compiler: Segger Embedded studio v3.34a

    SES was not supported in 12.3, and while it is possible to use it requires a bit of tweaking, so it could also be related. If you still have problems after building micro-ecc properly, I suggest you try to build with another toolchain (for instance Make with arm gcc) and check if you get the same behavior. The SDK provides a Makefile for the multirole LESC example project that works out of the box (<SDK>examples\ble_central_and_peripheral\experimental\ble_app_multirole_lesc\pca10028\s130\armgcc\Makefile).

  • Thank you for your reply.
    I was able to approach the solution.

    I checked the operation of “ble_app_multirole_lesc” with IAR and it worked.

    Segger Embedded studio does not work.

    Which folder should I use for the library used in Segger Embedded studio?

    Is there anything strange about the uploaded project file?

    flash_placement.zip

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