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Simple Volume Control w/iOS

Hi,

I'm relatively new to your product line, but have been spending a bit of time trying to bring the volume control functionality into a SDK16/PCA10056/s140 configuration.  I'm using the nRF52480DK.  

I have worked through a number of button handling and pairing issues, but appear to have hit a wall with sending the comands to the device.  Simply, I'm not seeing any response at the iPhone.  The project is based on your peripheral ble_app_hids_keyboard example, with changes to reflect this example:   https://github.com/Rallare/nrf51_ble_app_hids_kbd_consumercontrol/tree/SDK15

Does anyone on your team have a recommendation on what I should do next?

Thanks in advance,

D

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "nordic_common.h"
#include "nrf.h"
#include "nrf_assert.h"
#include "app_error.h"
#include "ble.h"
#include "ble_err.h"
#include "ble_hci.h"
#include "ble_srv_common.h"
#include "ble_advertising.h"
#include "ble_advdata.h"
#include "ble_hids.h"
#include "ble_bas.h"
#include "ble_dis.h"
#include "ble_conn_params.h"
#include "sensorsim.h"
#include "bsp_btn_ble.h"
#include "app_scheduler.h"
#include "nrf_sdh.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_soc.h"
#include "nrf_sdh_ble.h"
#include "app_timer.h"
#include "peer_manager.h"
#include "fds.h"
#include "ble_conn_state.h"
#include "nrf_ble_gatt.h"
#include "nrf_ble_qwr.h"
#include "nrf_pwr_mgmt.h"
#include "peer_manager_handler.h"

#include "nrf_log.h"
#include "nrf_log_ctrl.h"
#include "nrf_log_default_backends.h"


#define DEVICE_NAME                         "Volume Demo"                          /**< Name of device. Will be included in the advertising data. */
#define MANUFACTURER_NAME                   "NordicSemiconductor"                      /**< Manufacturer. Will be passed to Device Information Service. */

#define APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO               3                                          /**< Application's BLE observer priority. You shouldn't need to modify this value. */
#define APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG                1                                          /**< A tag identifying the SoftDevice BLE configuration. */

#define BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL         APP_TIMER_TICKS(2000)                      /**< Battery level measurement interval (ticks). */
#define MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL                   81                                         /**< Minimum simulated battery level. */
#define MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL                   100                                        /**< Maximum simulated battery level. */
#define BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT             1                                          /**< Increment between each simulated battery level measurement. */

#define PNP_ID_VENDOR_ID_SOURCE             0x02                                       /**< Vendor ID Source. */
#define PNP_ID_VENDOR_ID                    0x1915                                     /**< Vendor ID. */
#define PNP_ID_PRODUCT_ID                   0xEEEE                                     /**< Product ID. */
#define PNP_ID_PRODUCT_VERSION              0x0001                                     /**< Product Version. */

#define APP_ADV_FAST_INTERVAL               0x0028                                     /**< Fast advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corresponds to 25 ms.). */
#define APP_ADV_SLOW_INTERVAL               0x0C80                                     /**< Slow advertising interval (in units of 0.625 ms. This value corrsponds to 2 seconds). */

#define APP_ADV_FAST_DURATION               3000                                       /**< The advertising duration of fast advertising in units of 10 milliseconds. */
#define APP_ADV_SLOW_DURATION               18000                                      /**< The advertising duration of slow advertising in units of 10 milliseconds. */


/*lint -emacro(524, MIN_CONN_INTERVAL) // Loss of precision */
#define MIN_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(7.5, UNIT_1_25_MS)           /**< Minimum connection interval (7.5 ms) */
#define MAX_CONN_INTERVAL                   MSEC_TO_UNITS(30, UNIT_1_25_MS)            /**< Maximum connection interval (30 ms). */
#define SLAVE_LATENCY                       6                                          /**< Slave latency. */
#define CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT                    MSEC_TO_UNITS(430, UNIT_10_MS)             /**< Connection supervisory timeout (430 ms). */

#define FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY      APP_TIMER_TICKS(5000)                      /**< Time from initiating event (connect or start of notification) to first time sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update is called (5 seconds). */
#define NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY       APP_TIMER_TICKS(30000)                     /**< Time between each call to sd_ble_gap_conn_param_update after the first call (30 seconds). */
#define MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT        3                                          /**< Number of attempts before giving up the connection parameter negotiation. */

#define SEC_PARAM_BOND                      1                                          /**< Perform bonding. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MITM                      0                                          /**< Man In The Middle protection not required. */
#define SEC_PARAM_LESC                      0                                          /**< LE Secure Connections not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS                  0                                          /**< Keypress notifications not enabled. */
#define SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES           BLE_GAP_IO_CAPS_NONE                       /**< No I/O capabilities. */
#define SEC_PARAM_OOB                       0                                          /**< Out Of Band data not available. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE              7                                          /**< Minimum encryption key size. */
#define SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE              16                                         /**< Maximum encryption key size. */

#define OUTPUT_REPORT_INDEX                 0                                          /**< Index of Output Report. */
#define OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN               1                                          /**< Maximum length of Output Report. */
#define INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX             0                                          /**< Index of Input Report. */
#define INPUT_REP_REF_ID                 1  //   0                                          /**< Id of reference to Keyboard Input Report. */
#define OUTPUT_REP_REF_ID                   0                                          /**< Id of reference to Keyboard Output Report. */
#define FEATURE_REP_REF_ID                  0                                          /**< ID of reference to Keyboard Feature Report. */
#define FEATURE_REPORT_MAX_LEN              2                                          /**< Maximum length of Feature Report. */
#define FEATURE_REPORT_INDEX                0                                          /**< Index of Feature Report. */

#define MAX_BUFFER_ENTRIES                  5                                          /**< Number of elements that can be enqueued */

#define BASE_USB_HID_SPEC_VERSION           0x0101                                     /**< Version number of base USB HID Specification implemented by this application. */

#define INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN           8                                          /**< Maximum length of the Input Report characteristic. */

#define DEAD_BEEF                           0xDEADBEEF                                 /**< Value used as error code on stack dump, can be used to identify stack location on stack unwind. */

#define SCHED_MAX_EVENT_DATA_SIZE           APP_TIMER_SCHED_EVENT_DATA_SIZE            /**< Maximum size of scheduler events. */
#ifdef SVCALL_AS_NORMAL_FUNCTION
#define SCHED_QUEUE_SIZE                    20                                         /**< Maximum number of events in the scheduler queue. More is needed in case of Serialization. */
#else
#define SCHED_QUEUE_SIZE                    10                                         /**< Maximum number of events in the scheduler queue. */
#endif

#define MODIFIER_KEY_POS                    0                                          /**< Position of the modifier byte in the Input Report. */
#define SCAN_CODE_POS                       2                                          /**< The start position of the key scan code in a HID Report. */
#define SHIFT_KEY_CODE                      0x02                                       /**< Key code indicating the press of the Shift Key. */

#define MAX_KEYS_IN_ONE_REPORT              (INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN - SCAN_CODE_POS)/**< Maximum number of key presses that can be sent in one Input Report. */


#define INPUT_CCONTROL_KEYS_INDEX           1
//#define INPUT_CC_                  2
#define INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN           8                                          /**< Maximum length of the Input Report characteristic. */
#define INPUT_CC_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN        1
#define INPUT_CC_REP_REF_ID                     0
#define BUTTON_DETECTION_DELAY           APP_TIMER_TICKS(100)      

#define KEY_PRESS_BUTTON_PIN_NO          BSP_BUTTON_3                                       /**< Button used for sending keyboard text. */
#define VOLDOWN_BUTTON                   BSP_BUTTON_2
#define VOLUP_BUTTON                     BSP_BUTTON_1

typedef enum
{
    RELEASE_KEY                     = 0x00,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_PLAY              = 0x01,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_ALCCC             = 0x02,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_SCAN_NEXT_TRACK   = 0x04,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_SCAN_PREV_TRACK   = 0x08,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_VOL_DW            = 0x10,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_VOL_UP            = 0x20,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_AC_FORWARD        = 0x40,
    CONSUMER_CTRL_AC_BACK           = 0x80,    
} consumer_control_t;

/**Buffer queue access macros
 *
 * @{ */
/** Initialization of buffer list */
#define BUFFER_LIST_INIT()     \
    do                         \
    {                          \
        buffer_list.rp    = 0; \
        buffer_list.wp    = 0; \
        buffer_list.count = 0; \
    } while (0)

/** Provide status of data list is full or not */
#define BUFFER_LIST_FULL() \
    ((MAX_BUFFER_ENTRIES == buffer_list.count - 1) ? true : false)

/** Provides status of buffer list is empty or not */
#define BUFFER_LIST_EMPTY() \
    ((0 == buffer_list.count) ? true : false)

#define BUFFER_ELEMENT_INIT(i)                 \
    do                                         \
    {                                          \
        buffer_list.buffer[(i)].p_data = NULL; \
    } while (0)

/** @} */

/** Abstracts buffer element */
typedef struct hid_key_buffer
{
    uint8_t      data_offset; /**< Max Data that can be buffered for all entries */
    uint8_t      data_len;    /**< Total length of data */
    uint8_t    * p_data;      /**< Scanned key pattern */
    ble_hids_t * p_instance;  /**< Identifies peer and service instance */
} buffer_entry_t;

STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(buffer_entry_t) % 4 == 0);

/** Circular buffer list */
typedef struct
{
    buffer_entry_t buffer[MAX_BUFFER_ENTRIES]; /**< Maximum number of entries that can enqueued in the list */
    uint8_t        rp;                         /**< Index to the read location */
    uint8_t        wp;                         /**< Index to write location */
    uint8_t        count;                      /**< Number of elements in the list */
} buffer_list_t;

STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(buffer_list_t) % 4 == 0);

APP_TIMER_DEF(m_battery_timer_id);                                  /**< Battery timer. */
BLE_HIDS_DEF(m_hids,                                                /**< Structure used to identify the HID service. */
             NRF_SDH_BLE_TOTAL_LINK_COUNT,
             INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN,
             OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN,
             FEATURE_REPORT_MAX_LEN);
BLE_BAS_DEF(m_bas);                                                 /**< Structure used to identify the battery service. */
NRF_BLE_GATT_DEF(m_gatt);                                           /**< GATT module instance. */
NRF_BLE_QWR_DEF(m_qwr);                                             /**< Context for the Queued Write module.*/
BLE_ADVERTISING_DEF(m_advertising);                                 /**< Advertising module instance. */

static bool              m_in_boot_mode = false;                    /**< Current protocol mode. */
static uint16_t          m_conn_handle  = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;  /**< Handle of the current connection. */
static sensorsim_cfg_t   m_battery_sim_cfg;                         /**< Battery Level sensor simulator configuration. */
static sensorsim_state_t m_battery_sim_state;                       /**< Battery Level sensor simulator state. */
static bool              m_caps_on = false;                         /**< Variable to indicate if Caps Lock is turned on. */
static pm_peer_id_t      m_peer_id;                                 /**< Device reference handle to the current bonded central. */
static uint32_t          m_whitelist_peer_cnt;                      /**< Number of peers currently in the whitelist. */
static pm_peer_id_t      m_whitelist_peers[BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT];   /**< List of peers currently in the whitelist. */
static buffer_list_t     buffer_list;                               /**< List to enqueue not just data to be sent, but also related information like the handle, connection handle etc */

static ble_uuid_t m_adv_uuids[] = {{BLE_UUID_HUMAN_INTERFACE_DEVICE_SERVICE, BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE}};

static void on_hids_evt(ble_hids_t * p_hids, ble_hids_evt_t * p_evt);

/**@brief Callback function for asserts in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @details This function will be called in case of an assert in the SoftDevice.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only and does not fit a final product. You need to analyze
 *          how your product is supposed to react in case of Assert.
 * @warning On assert from the SoftDevice, the system can only recover on reset.
 *
 * @param[in]   line_num   Line number of the failing ASSERT call.
 * @param[in]   file_name  File name of the failing ASSERT call.
 */
void assert_nrf_callback(uint16_t line_num, const uint8_t * p_file_name)
{

    app_error_handler(DEAD_BEEF, line_num, p_file_name);
}


/**@brief Function for setting filtered whitelist.
 *
 * @param[in] skip  Filter passed to @ref pm_peer_id_list.
 */
static void whitelist_set(pm_peer_id_list_skip_t skip)
{
    pm_peer_id_t peer_ids[BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT];
    uint32_t     peer_id_count = BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT;

    ret_code_t err_code = pm_peer_id_list(peer_ids, &peer_id_count, PM_PEER_ID_INVALID, skip);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    NRF_LOG_INFO("\tm_whitelist_peer_cnt %d, MAX_PEERS_WLIST %d",
                   peer_id_count + 1,
                   BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT);

    err_code = pm_whitelist_set(peer_ids, peer_id_count);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for setting filtered device identities.
 *
 * @param[in] skip  Filter passed to @ref pm_peer_id_list.
 */
static void identities_set(pm_peer_id_list_skip_t skip)
{
    pm_peer_id_t peer_ids[BLE_GAP_DEVICE_IDENTITIES_MAX_COUNT];
    uint32_t     peer_id_count = BLE_GAP_DEVICE_IDENTITIES_MAX_COUNT;

    ret_code_t err_code = pm_peer_id_list(peer_ids, &peer_id_count, PM_PEER_ID_INVALID, skip);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_device_identities_list_set(peer_ids, peer_id_count);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Clear bond information from persistent storage.
 */
static void delete_bonds(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    NRF_LOG_INFO("Erase bonds!");

    err_code = pm_peers_delete();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for starting advertising.
 */
static void advertising_start(bool erase_bonds)
{
    if (erase_bonds == true)
    {
        delete_bonds();
        // Advertising is started by PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED event.
    }
    else
    {
        whitelist_set(PM_PEER_ID_LIST_SKIP_NO_ID_ADDR);

        ret_code_t ret = ble_advertising_start(&m_advertising, BLE_ADV_MODE_FAST);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(ret);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling Peer Manager events.
 *
 * @param[in] p_evt  Peer Manager event.
 */
static void pm_evt_handler(pm_evt_t const * p_evt)
{
    pm_handler_on_pm_evt(p_evt);
    pm_handler_flash_clean(p_evt);

    switch (p_evt->evt_id)
    {
        case PM_EVT_PEERS_DELETE_SUCCEEDED:
            advertising_start(false);
            break;

        case PM_EVT_PEER_DATA_UPDATE_SUCCEEDED:
            if (     p_evt->params.peer_data_update_succeeded.flash_changed
                 && (p_evt->params.peer_data_update_succeeded.data_id == PM_PEER_DATA_ID_BONDING))
            {
                NRF_LOG_INFO("New Bond, add the peer to the whitelist if possible");
                // Note: You should check on what kind of white list policy your application should use.

                whitelist_set(PM_PEER_ID_LIST_SKIP_NO_ID_ADDR);
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling Service errors.
 *
 * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
 *          application about an error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void service_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for handling advertising errors.
 *
 * @param[in] nrf_error  Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void ble_advertising_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for performing a battery measurement, and update the Battery Level characteristic in the Battery Service.
 */
static void battery_level_update(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    uint8_t  battery_level;

    battery_level = (uint8_t)sensorsim_measure(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);

    err_code = ble_bas_battery_level_update(&m_bas, battery_level, BLE_CONN_HANDLE_ALL);
    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_FORBIDDEN) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the Battery measurement timer timeout.
 *
 * @details This function will be called each time the battery level measurement timer expires.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_context   Pointer used for passing some arbitrary information (context) from the
 *                          app_start_timer() call to the timeout handler.
 */
static void battery_level_meas_timeout_handler(void * p_context)
{
    UNUSED_PARAMETER(p_context);
    battery_level_update();
}


/**@brief Function for the Timer initialization.
 *
 * @details Initializes the timer module.
 */
static void timers_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = app_timer_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Create battery timer.
    err_code = app_timer_create(&m_battery_timer_id,
                                APP_TIMER_MODE_REPEATED,
                                battery_level_meas_timeout_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for the GAP initialization.
 *
 * @details This function sets up all the necessary GAP (Generic Access Profile) parameters of the
 *          device including the device name, appearance, and the preferred connection parameters.
 */
static void gap_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t              err_code;
    ble_gap_conn_params_t   gap_conn_params;
    ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t sec_mode;

    BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&sec_mode);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(&sec_mode,
                                          (const uint8_t *)DEVICE_NAME,
                                          strlen(DEVICE_NAME));
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_KEYBOARD);
//    err_code = sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_REMOTE_CONTROL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&gap_conn_params, 0, sizeof(gap_conn_params));

    gap_conn_params.min_conn_interval = MIN_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.max_conn_interval = MAX_CONN_INTERVAL;
    gap_conn_params.slave_latency     = SLAVE_LATENCY;
    gap_conn_params.conn_sup_timeout  = CONN_SUP_TIMEOUT;

    err_code = sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the GATT module.
 */
static void gatt_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = nrf_ble_gatt_init(&m_gatt, NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling Queued Write Module errors.
 *
 * @details A pointer to this function will be passed to each service which may need to inform the
 *          application about an error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void nrf_qwr_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Queued Write Module.
 */
static void qwr_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t         err_code;
    nrf_ble_qwr_init_t qwr_init_obj = {0};

    qwr_init_obj.error_handler = nrf_qwr_error_handler;

    err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_init(&m_qwr, &qwr_init_obj);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing Device Information Service.
 */
static void dis_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t       err_code;
    ble_dis_init_t   dis_init_obj;
    ble_dis_pnp_id_t pnp_id;

    pnp_id.vendor_id_source = PNP_ID_VENDOR_ID_SOURCE;
    pnp_id.vendor_id        = PNP_ID_VENDOR_ID;
    pnp_id.product_id       = PNP_ID_PRODUCT_ID;
    pnp_id.product_version  = PNP_ID_PRODUCT_VERSION;

    memset(&dis_init_obj, 0, sizeof(dis_init_obj));

    ble_srv_ascii_to_utf8(&dis_init_obj.manufact_name_str, MANUFACTURER_NAME);
    dis_init_obj.p_pnp_id = &pnp_id;

    dis_init_obj.dis_char_rd_sec = SEC_JUST_WORKS;

    err_code = ble_dis_init(&dis_init_obj);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing Battery Service.
 */
static void bas_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t     err_code;
    ble_bas_init_t bas_init_obj;

    memset(&bas_init_obj, 0, sizeof(bas_init_obj));

    bas_init_obj.evt_handler          = NULL;
    bas_init_obj.support_notification = true;
    bas_init_obj.p_report_ref         = NULL;
    bas_init_obj.initial_batt_level   = 100;

    bas_init_obj.bl_rd_sec        = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    bas_init_obj.bl_cccd_wr_sec   = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    bas_init_obj.bl_report_rd_sec = SEC_JUST_WORKS;

    err_code = ble_bas_init(&m_bas, &bas_init_obj);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing HID Service.
 */
static void hids_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t                    err_code;
    ble_hids_init_t               hids_init_obj;
    static ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t     input_report_array[2];
    ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t     * p_input_report;
    static ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t    output_report_array[1];
    ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t    * p_output_report;
    ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t * p_feature_report;
    uint8_t                       hid_info_flags;



    static ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t feature_report_array[1];
    static uint8_t                     report_map_data[] =
    {
        0x05, 0x01,       // Usage Page (Generic Desktop)
        0x09, 0x06,       // Usage (Keyboard)
        0xA1, 0x01,       // Collection (Application)
        0x05, 0x07,       // Usage Page (Key Codes)
        0x19, 0xe0,       // Usage Minimum (224)
        0x29, 0xe7,       // Usage Maximum (231)
        0x15, 0x00,       // Logical Minimum (0)
        0x25, 0x01,       // Logical Maximum (1)
        0x75, 0x01,       // Report Size (1)
        0x95, 0x08,       // Report Count (8)
        0x81, 0x02,       // Input (Data, Variable, Absolute)

        0x95, 0x01,       // Report Count (1)
        0x75, 0x08,       // Report Size (8)
        0x81, 0x01,       // Input (Constant) reserved byte(1)

        0x95, 0x05,       // Report Count (5)
        0x75, 0x01,       // Report Size (1)
        0x05, 0x08,       // Usage Page (Page# for LEDs)
        0x19, 0x01,       // Usage Minimum (1)
        0x29, 0x05,       // Usage Maximum (5)
        0x91, 0x02,       // Output (Data, Variable, Absolute), Led report
        0x95, 0x01,       // Report Count (1)
        0x75, 0x03,       // Report Size (3)
        0x91, 0x01,       // Output (Data, Variable, Absolute), Led report padding

        0x95, 0x06,       // Report Count (6)
        0x75, 0x08,       // Report Size (8)
        0x15, 0x00,       // Logical Minimum (0)
        0x25, 0x65,       // Logical Maximum (101)
        0x05, 0x07,       // Usage Page (Key codes)
        0x19, 0x00,       // Usage Minimum (0)
        0x29, 0x65,       // Usage Maximum (101)
        0x81, 0x00,       // Input (Data, Array) Key array(6 bytes)

        0x09, 0x05,       // Usage (Vendor Defined)
        0x15, 0x00,       // Logical Minimum (0)
        0x26, 0xFF, 0x00, // Logical Maximum (255)
        0x75, 0x08,       // Report Size (8 bit)
        0x95, 0x02,       // Report Count (2)
        0xB1, 0x02,       // Feature (Data, Variable, Absolute)

        0xC0,                       // End Collection (Application)
		
        // Report ID 2: Advanced buttons
        0x05, 0x0C,                     // Usage Page (Consumer)
        0x09, 0x01,                     // Usage (Consumer Control)
        0xA1, 0x01,                     // Collection (Application)
        0x85, 0x02,                     //     Report Id (2)
        0x15, 0x00,                     //     Logical minimum (0)
        0x25, 0x01,                     //     Logical maximum (1)
        0x75, 0x01,                     //     Report Size (1)
        0x95, 0x01,                     //     Report Count (1)

        0x09, 0xCD,                     //     Usage (Play/Pause)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x0A, 0x83, 0x01,               //     Usage (AL Consumer Control Configuration)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x09, 0xB5,                     //     Usage (Scan Next Track)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x09, 0xB6,                     //     Usage (Scan Previous Track)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)

        0x09, 0xEA,                     //     Usage (Volume Down)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x09, 0xE9,                     //     Usage (Volume Up)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x0A, 0x25, 0x02,               //     Usage (AC Forward)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0x0A, 0x24, 0x02,               //     Usage (AC Back)
        0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
        0xC0                            // End Collection		
    };


    memset((void *)input_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t));
    memset((void *)output_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t));
    memset((void *)feature_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t));

    // Initialize HID Service
    p_input_report                      = &input_report_array[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX];
    p_input_report->max_len             = INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN;
    p_input_report->rep_ref.report_id   = INPUT_REP_REF_ID;
    p_input_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_INPUT;

    p_input_report->sec.cccd_wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    p_input_report->sec.wr      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    p_input_report->sec.rd      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;

    p_output_report                      = &output_report_array[OUTPUT_REPORT_INDEX];
    p_output_report->max_len             = OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN;
    p_output_report->rep_ref.report_id   = OUTPUT_REP_REF_ID;
    p_output_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_OUTPUT;

    // 	Initialize HID Service - ConsumerControl
    p_input_report                      = &input_report_array[INPUT_CCONTROL_KEYS_INDEX];
    p_input_report->max_len             = INPUT_CC_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN;
    p_input_report->rep_ref.report_id   = INPUT_CC_REP_REF_ID;
    p_input_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_INPUT;

    p_input_report->sec.cccd_wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    p_output_report->sec.wr     = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    p_output_report->sec.rd     = SEC_JUST_WORKS;

    p_feature_report                      = &feature_report_array[FEATURE_REPORT_INDEX];
    p_feature_report->max_len             = FEATURE_REPORT_MAX_LEN;
    p_feature_report->rep_ref.report_id   = FEATURE_REP_REF_ID;
    p_feature_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_FEATURE;

    p_feature_report->sec.rd              = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    p_feature_report->sec.wr              = SEC_JUST_WORKS;



    hid_info_flags = HID_INFO_FLAG_REMOTE_WAKE_MSK | HID_INFO_FLAG_NORMALLY_CONNECTABLE_MSK;

    memset(&hids_init_obj, 0, sizeof(hids_init_obj));

    hids_init_obj.evt_handler                    = on_hids_evt;
    hids_init_obj.error_handler                  = service_error_handler;
    hids_init_obj.is_kb                          = true;
    hids_init_obj.is_mouse                       = false;
    hids_init_obj.inp_rep_count                  = 2;//1;
    hids_init_obj.p_inp_rep_array                = input_report_array;
    hids_init_obj.outp_rep_count                 = 1;
    hids_init_obj.p_outp_rep_array               = output_report_array;
    hids_init_obj.feature_rep_count              = 0;
    hids_init_obj.p_feature_rep_array            = feature_report_array;
    hids_init_obj.rep_map.data_len               = sizeof(report_map_data);
    hids_init_obj.rep_map.p_data                 = report_map_data;
    hids_init_obj.hid_information.bcd_hid        = BASE_USB_HID_SPEC_VERSION;
    hids_init_obj.hid_information.b_country_code = 0;
    hids_init_obj.hid_information.flags          = hid_info_flags;
    hids_init_obj.included_services_count        = 0;
    hids_init_obj.p_included_services_array      = NULL;

    hids_init_obj.rep_map.rd_sec         = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.protocol_mode_wr_sec   = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.hid_information.rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;    


    hids_init_obj.boot_kb_inp_rep_sec.cccd_wr = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.boot_kb_inp_rep_sec.rd      = SEC_OPEN;

    hids_init_obj.boot_kb_outp_rep_sec.rd = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.boot_kb_outp_rep_sec.wr = SEC_OPEN;

    hids_init_obj.protocol_mode_rd_sec = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.protocol_mode_wr_sec = SEC_OPEN;
    hids_init_obj.ctrl_point_wr_sec    = SEC_OPEN;

    err_code = ble_hids_init(&m_hids, &hids_init_obj);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing services that will be used by the application.
 */
static void services_init(void)
{
    qwr_init();
    dis_init();
    bas_init();
    hids_init();
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the battery sensor simulator.
 */
static void sensor_simulator_init(void)
{
    m_battery_sim_cfg.min          = MIN_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.max          = MAX_BATTERY_LEVEL;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.incr         = BATTERY_LEVEL_INCREMENT;
    m_battery_sim_cfg.start_at_max = true;

    sensorsim_init(&m_battery_sim_state, &m_battery_sim_cfg);
}


/**@brief Function for handling a Connection Parameters error.
 *
 * @param[in]   nrf_error   Error code containing information about what went wrong.
 */
static void conn_params_error_handler(uint32_t nrf_error)
{
    APP_ERROR_HANDLER(nrf_error);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Connection Parameters module.
 */
static void conn_params_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t             err_code;
    ble_conn_params_init_t cp_init;

    memset(&cp_init, 0, sizeof(cp_init));

    cp_init.p_conn_params                  = NULL;
    cp_init.first_conn_params_update_delay = FIRST_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.next_conn_params_update_delay  = NEXT_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_DELAY;
    cp_init.max_conn_params_update_count   = MAX_CONN_PARAMS_UPDATE_COUNT;
    cp_init.start_on_notify_cccd_handle    = BLE_GATT_HANDLE_INVALID;
    cp_init.disconnect_on_fail             = false;
    cp_init.evt_handler                    = NULL;
    cp_init.error_handler                  = conn_params_error_handler;

    err_code = ble_conn_params_init(&cp_init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for starting timers.
 */
static void timers_start(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = app_timer_start(m_battery_timer_id, BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL, NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief   Function for transmitting a key scan Press & Release Notification.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only. You need to analyze how you wish to send the key
 *          release.
 *
 * @param[in]  p_instance     Identifies the service for which Key Notifications are requested.
 * @param[in]  p_key_pattern  Pointer to key pattern.
 * @param[in]  pattern_len    Length of key pattern. 0 < pattern_len < 7.
 * @param[in]  pattern_offset Offset applied to Key Pattern for transmission.
 * @param[out] actual_len     Provides actual length of Key Pattern transmitted, making buffering of
 *                            rest possible if needed.
 * @return     NRF_SUCCESS on success, NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES in case transmission could not be
 *             completed due to lack of transmission buffer or other error codes indicating reason
 *             for failure.
 *
 * @note       In case of NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES, remaining pattern that could not be transmitted
 *             can be enqueued \ref buffer_enqueue function.
 *             In case a pattern of 'cofFEe' is the p_key_pattern, with pattern_len as 6 and
 *             pattern_offset as 0, the notifications as observed on the peer side would be
 *             1>    'c', 'o', 'f', 'F', 'E', 'e'
 *             2>    -  , 'o', 'f', 'F', 'E', 'e'
 *             3>    -  ,   -, 'f', 'F', 'E', 'e'
 *             4>    -  ,   -,   -, 'F', 'E', 'e'
 *             5>    -  ,   -,   -,   -, 'E', 'e'
 *             6>    -  ,   -,   -,   -,   -, 'e'
 *             7>    -  ,   -,   -,   -,   -,  -
 *             Here, '-' refers to release, 'c' refers to the key character being transmitted.
 *             Therefore 7 notifications will be sent.
 *             In case an offset of 4 was provided, the pattern notifications sent will be from 5-7
 *             will be transmitted.
 */
static uint32_t send_key_scan_press_release(ble_hids_t * p_hids,
                                            uint8_t    * p_key_pattern,
                                            uint16_t     pattern_len,
                                            uint16_t     pattern_offset,
                                            uint16_t   * p_actual_len)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    uint16_t offset;
    uint16_t data_len;
    uint8_t  data[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN];

    // HID Report Descriptor enumerates an array of size 6, the pattern hence shall not be any
    // longer than this.
    STATIC_ASSERT((INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN - 2) == 6);

    ASSERT(pattern_len <= (INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN - 2));

    offset   = pattern_offset;
    data_len = pattern_len;

    do
    {
        // Reset the data buffer.
        memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));

        // Copy the scan code.
        memcpy(data + SCAN_CODE_POS + offset, p_key_pattern + offset, data_len - offset);

        if (!m_in_boot_mode)
        {
            err_code = ble_hids_inp_rep_send(p_hids,
                                             INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX,
                                             INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN,
                                             data,
                                             m_conn_handle);
        }
        else
        {
            err_code = ble_hids_boot_kb_inp_rep_send(p_hids,
                                                     INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN,
                                                     data,
                                                     m_conn_handle);
        }

        if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
        {
            break;
        }

        offset++;
    }
    while (offset <= data_len);

    *p_actual_len = offset;

    return err_code;
}

/**@brief Function for enqueuing key scan patterns that could not be transmitted either completely
 *        or partially.
 *
 * @warning This handler is an example only. You need to analyze how you wish to send the key
 *          release.
 *
 * @param[in]  p_hids         Identifies the service for which Key Notifications are buffered.
 * @param[in]  p_key_pattern  Pointer to key pattern.
 * @param[in]  pattern_len    Length of key pattern.
 * @param[in]  offset         Offset applied to Key Pattern when requesting a transmission on
 *                            dequeue, @ref buffer_dequeue.
 * @return     NRF_SUCCESS on success, else an error code indicating reason for failure.
 */
static uint32_t buffer_enqueue(ble_hids_t * p_hids,
                               uint8_t    * p_key_pattern,
                               uint16_t     pattern_len,
                               uint16_t     offset)
{
    buffer_entry_t * element;
    uint32_t         err_code = NRF_SUCCESS;

    if (BUFFER_LIST_FULL())
    {
        // Element cannot be buffered.
        err_code = NRF_ERROR_NO_MEM;
    }
    else
    {
        // Make entry of buffer element and copy data.
        element              = &buffer_list.buffer[(buffer_list.wp)];
        element->p_instance  = p_hids;
        element->p_data      = p_key_pattern;
        element->data_offset = offset;
        element->data_len    = pattern_len;

        buffer_list.count++;
        buffer_list.wp++;

        if (buffer_list.wp == MAX_BUFFER_ENTRIES)
        {
            buffer_list.wp = 0;
        }
    }

    return err_code;
}

/**@brief Function for sending sample key presses to the peer.
 *
 * @param[in]   key_pattern_len   Pattern length.
 * @param[in]   p_key_pattern     Pattern to be sent.
 */
static void keys_send(uint8_t key_pattern_len, uint8_t * p_key_pattern)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    uint16_t actual_len;

    err_code = send_key_scan_press_release(&m_hids,
                                           p_key_pattern,
                                           key_pattern_len,
                                           0,
                                           &actual_len);
    // An additional notification is needed for release of all keys, therefore check
    // is for actual_len <= key_pattern_len and not actual_len < key_pattern_len.
    if ((err_code == NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) && (actual_len <= key_pattern_len))
    {
        // Buffer enqueue routine return value is not intentionally checked.
        // Rationale: Its better to have a a few keys missing than have a system
        // reset. Recommendation is to work out most optimal value for
        // MAX_BUFFER_ENTRIES to minimize chances of buffer queue full condition
        UNUSED_VARIABLE(buffer_enqueue(&m_hids, p_key_pattern, key_pattern_len, actual_len));
    }


    if ((err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_RESOURCES) &&
        (err_code != NRF_ERROR_BUSY) &&
        (err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
       )
    {
        APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling the HID Report Characteristic Write event.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_evt   HID service event.
 */
static void on_hid_rep_char_write(ble_hids_evt_t * p_evt)
{
    if (p_evt->params.char_write.char_id.rep_type == BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_OUTPUT)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        uint8_t  report_val;
        uint8_t  report_index = p_evt->params.char_write.char_id.rep_index;

        if (report_index == OUTPUT_REPORT_INDEX)
        {
            // This code assumes that the output report is one byte long. Hence the following
            // static assert is made.
            STATIC_ASSERT(OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN == 1);

            err_code = ble_hids_outp_rep_get(&m_hids,
                                             report_index,
                                             OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN,
                                             0,
                                             m_conn_handle,
                                             &report_val);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

        }
    }
}


/**@brief Function for putting the chip into sleep mode.
 *
 * @note This function will not return.
 */
static void sleep_mode_enter(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_IDLE);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Prepare wakeup buttons.
    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_sleep_mode_prepare();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Go to system-off mode (this function will not return; wakeup will cause a reset).
    err_code = sd_power_system_off();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling HID events.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for all HID events which are passed to the application.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_hids  HID service structure.
 * @param[in]   p_evt   Event received from the HID service.
 */
static void on_hids_evt(ble_hids_t * p_hids, ble_hids_evt_t * p_evt)
{
    switch (p_evt->evt_type)
    {
        case BLE_HIDS_EVT_BOOT_MODE_ENTERED:
            m_in_boot_mode = true;
            break;

        case BLE_HIDS_EVT_REPORT_MODE_ENTERED:
            m_in_boot_mode = false;
            break;

        case BLE_HIDS_EVT_REP_CHAR_WRITE:
            on_hid_rep_char_write(p_evt);
            break;

        case BLE_HIDS_EVT_NOTIF_ENABLED:
            break;

        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling advertising events.
 *
 * @details This function will be called for advertising events which are passed to the application.
 *
 * @param[in] ble_adv_evt  Advertising event.
 */
static void on_adv_evt(ble_adv_evt_t ble_adv_evt)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (ble_adv_evt)
    {
        case BLE_ADV_EVT_DIRECTED_HIGH_DUTY:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("High Duty Directed advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING_DIRECTED);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_DIRECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Directed advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING_DIRECTED);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Fast advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_SLOW:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Slow advertising.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING_SLOW);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_FAST_WHITELIST:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Fast advertising with whitelist.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING_WHITELIST);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_SLOW_WHITELIST:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Slow advertising with whitelist.");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ADVERTISING_WHITELIST);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_IDLE:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_WHITELIST_REQUEST:
        {
            ble_gap_addr_t whitelist_addrs[BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT];
            ble_gap_irk_t  whitelist_irks[BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT];
            uint32_t       addr_cnt = BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT;
            uint32_t       irk_cnt  = BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT;

            err_code = pm_whitelist_get(whitelist_addrs, &addr_cnt,
                                        whitelist_irks,  &irk_cnt);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("pm_whitelist_get returns %d addr in whitelist and %d irk whitelist",
                          addr_cnt, irk_cnt);

            // Set the correct identities list (no excluding peers with no Central Address Resolution).
            identities_set(PM_PEER_ID_LIST_SKIP_NO_IRK);

            // Apply the whitelist.
            err_code = ble_advertising_whitelist_reply(&m_advertising,
                                                       whitelist_addrs,
                                                       addr_cnt,
                                                       whitelist_irks,
                                                       irk_cnt);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break; //BLE_ADV_EVT_WHITELIST_REQUEST

        case BLE_ADV_EVT_PEER_ADDR_REQUEST:
        {
            pm_peer_data_bonding_t peer_bonding_data;

            // Only Give peer address if we have a handle to the bonded peer.
            if (m_peer_id != PM_PEER_ID_INVALID)
            {
                err_code = pm_peer_data_bonding_load(m_peer_id, &peer_bonding_data);
                if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_NOT_FOUND)
                {
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

                    // Manipulate identities to exclude peers with no Central Address Resolution.
                    identities_set(PM_PEER_ID_LIST_SKIP_ALL);

                    ble_gap_addr_t * p_peer_addr = &(peer_bonding_data.peer_ble_id.id_addr_info);
                    err_code = ble_advertising_peer_addr_reply(&m_advertising, p_peer_addr);
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
            }
        } break; //BLE_ADV_EVT_PEER_ADDR_REQUEST

        default:
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for handling BLE events.
 *
 * @param[in]   p_ble_evt   Bluetooth stack event.
 * @param[in]   p_context   Unused.
 */
static void ble_evt_handler(ble_evt_t const * p_ble_evt, void * p_context)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    switch (p_ble_evt->header.evt_id)
    {
        case BLE_GAP_EVT_CONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Connected");
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_CONNECTED);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            m_conn_handle = p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle;
            err_code = nrf_ble_qwr_conn_handle_assign(&m_qwr, m_conn_handle);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED:
            NRF_LOG_INFO("Disconnected");
            // Dequeue all keys without transmission.
            //(void) buffer_dequeue(false);

            m_conn_handle = BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID;

            // Reset m_caps_on variable. Upon reconnect, the HID host will re-send the Output
            // report containing the Caps lock state.
            m_caps_on = false;
            // disabling alert 3. signal - used for capslock ON
            err_code = bsp_indication_set(BSP_INDICATE_ALERT_OFF);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

            break; // BLE_GAP_EVT_DISCONNECTED

        case BLE_GAP_EVT_PHY_UPDATE_REQUEST:
        {
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("PHY update request.");
            ble_gap_phys_t const phys =
            {
                .rx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
                .tx_phys = BLE_GAP_PHY_AUTO,
            };
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_phy_update(p_ble_evt->evt.gap_evt.conn_handle, &phys);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
        } break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_HVN_TX_COMPLETE:
            // Send next key event
           // (void) buffer_dequeue(true);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTC_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Client timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Client Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gattc_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        case BLE_GATTS_EVT_TIMEOUT:
            // Disconnect on GATT Server timeout event.
            NRF_LOG_DEBUG("GATT Server Timeout.");
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(p_ble_evt->evt.gatts_evt.conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
            APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            break;

        default:
            // No implementation needed.
            break;
    }
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the BLE stack.
 *
 * @details Initializes the SoftDevice and the BLE event interrupt.
 */
static void ble_stack_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;

    err_code = nrf_sdh_enable_request();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Configure the BLE stack using the default settings.
    // Fetch the start address of the application RAM.
    uint32_t ram_start = 0;
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_default_cfg_set(APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG, &ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Enable BLE stack.
    err_code = nrf_sdh_ble_enable(&ram_start);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    // Register a handler for BLE events.
    NRF_SDH_BLE_OBSERVER(m_ble_observer, APP_BLE_OBSERVER_PRIO, ble_evt_handler, NULL);
}


/**@brief Function for the Event Scheduler initialization.
 */
static void scheduler_init(void)
{
    APP_SCHED_INIT(SCHED_MAX_EVENT_DATA_SIZE, SCHED_QUEUE_SIZE);
}


/**@brief Function for the Peer Manager initialization.
 */
static void peer_manager_init(void)
{
    ble_gap_sec_params_t sec_param;
    ret_code_t           err_code;

    err_code = pm_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    memset(&sec_param, 0, sizeof(ble_gap_sec_params_t));

    // Security parameters to be used for all security procedures.
    sec_param.bond           = SEC_PARAM_BOND;
    sec_param.mitm           = SEC_PARAM_MITM;
    sec_param.lesc           = SEC_PARAM_LESC;
    sec_param.keypress       = SEC_PARAM_KEYPRESS;
    sec_param.io_caps        = SEC_PARAM_IO_CAPABILITIES;
    sec_param.oob            = SEC_PARAM_OOB;
    sec_param.min_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MIN_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.max_key_size   = SEC_PARAM_MAX_KEY_SIZE;
    sec_param.kdist_own.enc  = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_own.id   = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.enc = 1;
    sec_param.kdist_peer.id  = 1;

    err_code = pm_sec_params_set(&sec_param);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = pm_register(pm_evt_handler);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the Advertising functionality.
 */
static void advertising_init(void)
{
    uint32_t               err_code;
    uint8_t                adv_flags;
    ble_advertising_init_t init;

    memset(&init, 0, sizeof(init));

    adv_flags                            = BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE;
    init.advdata.name_type               = BLE_ADVDATA_FULL_NAME;
    init.advdata.include_appearance      = true;
    init.advdata.flags                   = adv_flags;
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.uuid_cnt = sizeof(m_adv_uuids) / sizeof(m_adv_uuids[0]);
    init.advdata.uuids_complete.p_uuids  = m_adv_uuids;

    init.config.ble_adv_whitelist_enabled          = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_directed_high_duty_enabled = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_directed_enabled           = false;
    init.config.ble_adv_directed_interval          = 0;
    init.config.ble_adv_directed_timeout           = 0;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_enabled               = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_interval              = APP_ADV_FAST_INTERVAL;
    init.config.ble_adv_fast_timeout               = APP_ADV_FAST_DURATION;
    init.config.ble_adv_slow_enabled               = true;
    init.config.ble_adv_slow_interval              = APP_ADV_SLOW_INTERVAL;
    init.config.ble_adv_slow_timeout               = APP_ADV_SLOW_DURATION;

    init.evt_handler   = on_adv_evt;
    init.error_handler = ble_advertising_error_handler;

    err_code = ble_advertising_init(&m_advertising, &init);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    ble_advertising_conn_cfg_tag_set(&m_advertising, APP_BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG);
}


/**@brief Function for initializing the nrf log module.
 */
static void log_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code = NRF_LOG_INIT(NULL);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    NRF_LOG_DEFAULT_BACKENDS_INIT();
}


/**@brief Function for initializing power management.
 */
static void power_management_init(void)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    err_code = nrf_pwr_mgmt_init();
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
}


/**@brief Function for handling the idle state (main loop).
 *
 * @details If there is no pending log operation, then sleep until next the next event occurs.
 */
static void idle_state_handle(void)
{
    app_sched_execute();
    if (NRF_LOG_PROCESS() == false)
    {
        nrf_pwr_mgmt_run();
    }
}


/**@brief Function for sending consumer control data
 */
static uint32_t consumer_control_send(consumer_control_t cmd)
{
//    ret_code_t err_code;
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Called Cons Cont Send");                                            //debug code
    return ble_hids_inp_rep_send(&m_hids, 
                                INPUT_CCONTROL_KEYS_INDEX, 
                                INPUT_CC_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN, 
                                (uint8_t*)&cmd, 
                                m_conn_handle);
}

static uint32_t hid_kbd_send_string(void)
{
//    uint8_t temp_buf[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN] = {0x00, 0x00, 0xb, 0xc, 0x2c, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}; 
    uint8_t temp_buf[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN] = {0x00, 0x00, 0xEA, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};   
    return ble_hids_inp_rep_send(&m_hids, 
                         INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX, 
                         INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN, 
                         (uint8_t*)temp_buf, 
                         m_conn_handle);
}

uint32_t hid_kbd_send_release(void)
{
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Called Kbd Release");                                             //debug code
    uint8_t temp_buf[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};   
    return ble_hids_inp_rep_send(&m_hids,  
                          INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX, 
                          INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN, 
                          (uint8_t*)temp_buf, 
                          m_conn_handle);
}

void bsp_event_handler(bsp_event_t evt)
{
  uint32_t         err_code;
  
  err_code = bsp_event_to_button_action_assign(0, BSP_BUTTON_ACTION_RELEASE, BSP_EVENT_KEY_0_RELEASE);
  APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
  
  switch (evt)
  {
        case BSP_EVENT_SLEEP:
            sleep_mode_enter();
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
            err_code = sd_ble_gap_disconnect(m_conn_handle,
                                             BLE_HCI_REMOTE_USER_TERMINATED_CONNECTION);
                                             NRF_LOG_INFO("testPress-UsrTerm")   //debug code
            if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
            {
                APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
            }
            break;

        case BSP_EVENT_WHITELIST_OFF:
            if (m_conn_handle == BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
            {
                err_code = ble_advertising_restart_without_whitelist(&m_advertising);
                if (err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
                {
                    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
                }
            }
            break;
  		        
        case BSP_EVENT_KEY_0: //On Button 1 press
              NRF_LOG_INFO("testPress")                                         //debug code
              LEDS_INVERT(BSP_LED_0_MASK); //Changes the current state of LED_1
              consumer_control_send(CONSUMER_CTRL_VOL_DW);
//                hid_kbd_send_string();  //uncomment to send via hid_kbd_send_string f'n
              break;  

        case BSP_EVENT_KEY_0_RELEASE:
              NRF_LOG_INFO("testRelease")                                      //debug code
//              consumer_control_send(RELEASE_KEY);
              hid_kbd_send_release();
              LEDS_INVERT(BSP_LED_0_MASK);
              break;

        case BSP_EVENT_KEY_1: //On Button 2 press
              LEDS_INVERT(BSP_LED_1_MASK); //Changes the current state of LED_2
              break;

        case BSP_EVENT_KEY_2: //On Button 3 press
              LEDS_INVERT(BSP_LED_2_MASK); //Changes the current state of LED_3
              break;

        case BSP_EVENT_KEY_3:	//On Button 4 press				
              LEDS_INVERT(BSP_LED_3_MASK); //Changes the current state of LED_4
              break;

        default:
                return; // no implementation needed
        
        uint32_t err_code = NRF_SUCCESS;
	APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
  }
}
    
/**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
 *
 * @param[out] p_erase_bonds  Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to wake the application up.
 */
static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
{
    ret_code_t err_code;
    bsp_event_t startup_event;

    err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS, bsp_event_handler);

    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
    APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);

    *p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
}

/**@brief Function for application main entry.
 */
int main(void)
{
    bool erase_bonds;

    // Initialize.
    log_init();
    timers_init();
    buttons_leds_init(&erase_bonds);
    power_management_init();
    ble_stack_init();
    scheduler_init();
    gap_params_init();
    gatt_init();
    advertising_init();
    services_init();
    sensor_simulator_init();
    conn_params_init();
    peer_manager_init();

    // Start execution.
    NRF_LOG_INFO("Volume Demo started.");
    timers_start();
    advertising_start(erase_bonds);


    // Enter main loop.
    for (;;)
    {
        idle_state_handle();
    }
}


/**
 * @}
 */

  • Hi dr9,

    I don't have much experience with this but have you checked the answer from Runar here: https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/f/nordic-q-a/13745/audio-controls-for-ios-and-android

    Do you have the keyboard usage page included ? 

  • Hi Hung,

    Yes, I have extensively searched the devzone threads that are related to the issues I am having.  

    I do have that usage page included in my main.c file.  It is appended to the usage page that comes built into the example you furnish.  I have also made the appropriate adjustments to the indicies.

    Dan

  • Hi Dan, 

    I am struggling to test the example in  https://github.com/Rallare/nrf51_ble_app_hids_kbd_consumercontrol/tree/SDK15 because of an hardfault in on_connect() function in ble_hids.c 

    But the one in SDK v11 in the same repo worked fine and I can control the volume on iPhone. 

    I also tested yours but saw the same issue as you have seen, no reaction on the phone. 

    We would need more time to debug this. In the mean time, maybe you can have a look at the SDK v11 example and maybe can port the modification to SDK v16 ? 

  • Hi Hung,

    I managed to get it running late last night (SDK16.0 | s140).  Modifications are as follows:

    • bsp function was modified to handle button press/release events as follows:

             // Volume Down
             case BSP_EVENT_KEY_2_RELEASE:
                if (m_conn_handle != BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
                {
                  consumer_control_send(RELEASE_KEY);
                }
                break;
            case BSP_EVENT_KEY_2:
                if (m_conn_handle != BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID)
                  {
                  consumer_control_send(CONSUMER_CTRL_VOL_DW);
                  }
              break;
    

    • button_leds_init:

    /**@brief Function for initializing buttons and leds.
     *
     * @param[out] p_erase_bonds  Will be true if the clear bonding button was pressed to wake the application up.
     */
    static void buttons_leds_init(bool * p_erase_bonds)
    {
        ret_code_t err_code;
        bsp_event_t startup_event;
    
        err_code = bsp_init(BSP_INIT_LEDS | BSP_INIT_BUTTONS, bsp_event_handler);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        err_code = bsp_btn_ble_init(NULL, &startup_event);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    
        // define button release action
        // see bsp.h for additional details of expanded typedef enum expansion
        bsp_event_to_button_action_assign(3, BSP_BUTTON_ACTION_RELEASE, BSP_EVENT_KEY_3_RELEASE);
        bsp_event_to_button_action_assign(2, BSP_BUTTON_ACTION_RELEASE, BSP_EVENT_KEY_2_RELEASE);
        bsp_event_to_button_action_assign(1, BSP_BUTTON_ACTION_RELEASE, BSP_EVENT_KEY_1_RELEASE);
        bsp_event_to_button_action_assign(0, BSP_BUTTON_ACTION_RELEASE, BSP_EVENT_KEY_0_RELEASE);
    
        *p_erase_bonds = (startup_event == BSP_EVENT_CLEAR_BONDING_DATA);
    }

    • the bsp.h file's enum bsp_event_t was expanded to include four BSP_EVENT_KEY_0_RELEASE enumerations (where 0 is 0-3 for each button instance).
    • and the hids_init function became:

    /**@brief Function for initializing HID Service.
     */
    static void hids_init(void)
    {
        ret_code_t                    err_code;
        ble_hids_init_t               hids_init_obj;
        ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t     * p_input_report;
        ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t    * p_output_report;
        ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t * p_feature_report;
        uint8_t                       hid_info_flags;
    
        static ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t     input_report_array[1];
        static ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t    output_report_array[1];
        static ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t feature_report_array[1];
        static uint8_t report_map_data[] =
        {
            // Report ID 2: Advanced buttons
            0x05, 0x0C,                     // Usage Page (Consumer)
            0x09, 0x01,                     // Usage (Consumer Control)
            0xA1, 0x01,                     // Collection (Application)
            0x85, 0x02,                     //     Report Id (2)
            0x15, 0x00,                     //     Logical minimum (0)
            0x25, 0x01,                     //     Logical maximum (1)
            0x75, 0x01,                     //     Report Size (1)
            0x95, 0x01,                     //     Report Count (1)
    
            0x09, 0xCD,                     //     Usage (Play/Pause)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x0A, 0x83, 0x01,               //     Usage (AL Consumer Control Configuration)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x09, 0xB5,                     //     Usage (Scan Next Track)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x09, 0xB6,                     //     Usage (Scan Previous Track)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
    
            0x09, 0xEA,                     //     Usage (Volume Down)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x09, 0xE9,                     //     Usage (Volume Up)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x0A, 0x25, 0x02,               //     Usage (AC Forward)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0x0A, 0x24, 0x02,               //     Usage (AC Back)
            0x81, 0x02,                     //     Input (Data,Value,Relative,Bit Field)
            0xC0                            // End Collection		
        };
    
        memset((void *)input_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_inp_rep_init_t));
        memset((void *)output_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_outp_rep_init_t));
        memset((void *)feature_report_array, 0, sizeof(ble_hids_feature_rep_init_t));
    
        // Initialize HID Service
        p_input_report                      = &input_report_array[INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_INDEX];
        p_input_report->max_len             = INPUT_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN;
        p_input_report->rep_ref.report_id   = INPUT_REP_REF_ID;
        p_input_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_INPUT;
    
        p_input_report->sec.cccd_wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_input_report->sec.wr      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_input_report->sec.rd      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        p_output_report                      = &output_report_array[OUTPUT_REPORT_INDEX];
        p_output_report->max_len             = OUTPUT_REPORT_MAX_LEN;
        p_output_report->rep_ref.report_id   = OUTPUT_REP_REF_ID;
        p_output_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_OUTPUT;
    
        p_output_report->sec.wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_output_report->sec.rd = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        
        // Consumer Control HID Service Init
        p_input_report                      = &input_report_array[INPUT_CCONTROL_KEYS_INDEX];
        p_input_report->max_len             = INPUT_CC_REPORT_KEYS_MAX_LEN;
        p_input_report->rep_ref.report_id   = INPUT_CC_REP_REF_ID;
        p_input_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_INPUT;
    
        p_input_report->sec.cccd_wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_input_report->sec.wr      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_input_report->sec.rd      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        
        // Feature Report Init
        p_feature_report                      = &feature_report_array[FEATURE_REPORT_INDEX];
        p_feature_report->max_len             = FEATURE_REPORT_MAX_LEN;
        p_feature_report->rep_ref.report_id   = FEATURE_REP_REF_ID;
        p_feature_report->rep_ref.report_type = BLE_HIDS_REP_TYPE_FEATURE;
    
        p_feature_report->sec.rd              = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        p_feature_report->sec.wr              = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        hid_info_flags = HID_INFO_FLAG_REMOTE_WAKE_MSK | HID_INFO_FLAG_NORMALLY_CONNECTABLE_MSK;
    
        memset(&hids_init_obj, 0, sizeof(hids_init_obj));
    
        hids_init_obj.evt_handler                    = on_hids_evt;
        hids_init_obj.error_handler                  = service_error_handler;
        hids_init_obj.is_kb                          = true;
        hids_init_obj.is_mouse                       = false;
        hids_init_obj.inp_rep_count                  = 2;
        hids_init_obj.p_inp_rep_array                = input_report_array;
        hids_init_obj.outp_rep_count                 = 1;
        hids_init_obj.p_outp_rep_array               = output_report_array;
        hids_init_obj.feature_rep_count              = 1;
        hids_init_obj.p_feature_rep_array            = feature_report_array;
        hids_init_obj.rep_map.data_len               = sizeof(report_map_data);
        hids_init_obj.rep_map.p_data                 = report_map_data;
        hids_init_obj.hid_information.bcd_hid        = BASE_USB_HID_SPEC_VERSION;
        hids_init_obj.hid_information.b_country_code = 0;
        hids_init_obj.hid_information.flags          = hid_info_flags;
        hids_init_obj.included_services_count        = 0;
        hids_init_obj.p_included_services_array      = NULL;
    
        hids_init_obj.rep_map.rd_sec         = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        hids_init_obj.hid_information.rd_sec = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        hids_init_obj.boot_kb_inp_rep_sec.cccd_wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        hids_init_obj.boot_kb_inp_rep_sec.rd      = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        hids_init_obj.boot_kb_outp_rep_sec.rd = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        hids_init_obj.boot_kb_outp_rep_sec.wr = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        hids_init_obj.protocol_mode_rd_sec = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        hids_init_obj.protocol_mode_wr_sec = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
        hids_init_obj.ctrl_point_wr_sec    = SEC_JUST_WORKS;
    
        err_code = ble_hids_init(&m_hids, &hids_init_obj);
        APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
    }

    Thanks for the support.  More questions will likely follow as I build upon my current code.  

    Dan

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