how to solve Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol (the undefine target) (referred from main.o).

[hansparson013]

hy, i have a problem wit undefine simbol, how to define the simbol, i laready add related path folder that contain the undefine simbol target, but this error still appear.

.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_clock_init (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_clock_lfclk_request (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_rtc_disable (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_rtc_enable (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_rtc_init (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_drv_rtc_tick_enable (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_add_packet_to_tx_fifo (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_enable (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_fetch_packet_from_rx_fifo (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_init (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_base_address_0 (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_base_address_1 (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_channel_table (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_datarate (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_max_tx_attempts (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_timeslot_period (referred from main.o).
.\_build\nrf51422_xxac.axf: Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol nrf_gzll_set_timeslots_per_channel (referred from main.o).
Not enough information to list image symbols.
Not enough information to list load addresses in the image map.

if you wanto check my code:

/*
 * Either COMPILE_RIGHT or COMPILE_LEFT has to be defined from the make call to allow proper functionality
 */

#include "redox-w.h"
#include "nrf_drv_config.h"
#include "nrf_gzll.h"
#include "nrf_gpio.h"
#include "nrf_delay.h"
#include "nrf_drv_clock.h"
#include "nrf_drv_rtc.h"
#include "nrf51_bitfields.h"
#include "nrf51.h"


/*****************************************************************************/
/** Configuration */
/*****************************************************************************/

const nrf_drv_rtc_t rtc = NRF_DRV_RTC_INSTANCE(1); /**< Declaring an instance of nrf_drv_rtc for RTC1. */


// Data and acknowledgement payloads
static uint8_t ack_payload[NRF_GZLL_CONST_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH]; ///< Placeholder for received ACK payloads from Host.

// Debounce time (dependent on tick frequency)
#define DEBOUNCE 5
// Mark as inactive after a number of ticks:
#define INACTIVITY_THRESHOLD 500 // 0.5sec

#ifdef COMPILE_LEFT
static uint8_t channel_table[3]={4, 42, 77};
#endif
#ifdef COMPILE_RIGHT
static uint8_t channel_table[3]={25, 63, 33};
#endif

// Setup switch pins with pullups
static void gpio_config(void)
{
    nrf_gpio_cfg_sense_input(R01, NRF_GPIO_PIN_PULLDOWN, NRF_GPIO_PIN_SENSE_HIGH);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_sense_input(R02, NRF_GPIO_PIN_PULLDOWN, NRF_GPIO_PIN_SENSE_HIGH);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_sense_input(R03, NRF_GPIO_PIN_PULLDOWN, NRF_GPIO_PIN_SENSE_HIGH);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_sense_input(R04, NRF_GPIO_PIN_PULLDOWN, NRF_GPIO_PIN_SENSE_HIGH);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_sense_input(R05, NRF_GPIO_PIN_PULLDOWN, NRF_GPIO_PIN_SENSE_HIGH);

    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C01);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C02);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C03);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C04);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C05);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C06);
    nrf_gpio_cfg_output(C07);

    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C01);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C02);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C03);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C04);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C05);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C06);
    nrf_gpio_pin_clear(C07);
}

// Return the key states
static void read_keys(uint8_t *row_stat)
{
    unsigned short c;
    uint32_t input = 0;
    static const uint32_t COL_PINS[] = { C01, C02, C03, C04, C05, C06, C07 };

    // scan matrix by columns
    for (c = 0; c < COLUMNS; ++c) {
        // Force the compiler to add one cycle gap between activating
        // the column pin and reading the input to allow some time for
        // it to be come stable. Note that compile optimizations are
        // not allowed for next three statements. Setting the pin
        // write a location which is marked as volatile
        // (NRF_GPIO->OUTSET) and reading the input is also a memory
        // access to a location which is marked as volatile too
        // (NRF_GPIO->IN).
        nrf_gpio_pin_set(COL_PINS[c]);
        //asm volatile("nop");
        input = NRF_GPIO->IN;
        row_stat[0] = (row_stat[0] << 1) | ((input >> R01) & 1);
        row_stat[1] = (row_stat[1] << 1) | ((input >> R02) & 1);
        row_stat[2] = (row_stat[2] << 1) | ((input >> R03) & 1);
        row_stat[3] = (row_stat[3] << 1) | ((input >> R04) & 1);
        row_stat[4] = (row_stat[4] << 1) | ((input >> R05) & 1);
        nrf_gpio_pin_clear(COL_PINS[c]);
    }

}

static bool compare_keys(const uint8_t* first, const uint8_t* second,
                         uint32_t size)
{
    for(int i=0; i < size; i++)
    {
        if (first[i] != second[i])
        {
          return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

static bool empty_keys(const uint8_t* keys_buffer)
{
    for(int i=0; i < ROWS; i++)
    {
        if (keys_buffer[i])
        {
          return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

static void handle_inactivity(const uint8_t *keys_buffer)
{
    static uint32_t inactivity_ticks = 0;

    // looking for 500 ticks of no keys pressed, to go back to deep sleep
    if (empty_keys(keys_buffer)) {
        inactivity_ticks++;
        if (inactivity_ticks > INACTIVITY_THRESHOLD) {
            nrf_drv_rtc_disable(&rtc);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C01);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C02);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C03);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C04);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C05);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C06);
            nrf_gpio_pin_set(C07);

            inactivity_ticks = 0;

            NRF_POWER->SYSTEMOFF = 1;
        }
    } else {
        inactivity_ticks = 0;
    }
}

static void handle_send(const uint8_t* keys_buffer)
{
    static uint8_t keys_snapshot[ROWS] = {0};
    static uint32_t debounce_ticks = 0;

    const bool no_change = compare_keys(keys_buffer, keys_snapshot, ROWS);
    if (no_change) {
        debounce_ticks++;
        // debouncing - send only if the keys state has been stable
        // for DEBOUNCE ticks
        if (debounce_ticks == DEBOUNCE) {
            // Assemble packet and send to receiver
            nrf_gzll_add_packet_to_tx_fifo(PIPE_NUMBER, keys_snapshot, ROWS);
            debounce_ticks = 0;
        }
    } else {
        // change detected, start over
        debounce_ticks = 0;
        for (int k = 0; k < ROWS; k++) {
            keys_snapshot[k] = keys_buffer[k];
        }
    }
}

// 1000Hz debounce sampling
static void tick(nrf_drv_rtc_int_type_t int_type)
{
    uint8_t keys_buffer[ROWS] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
    read_keys(keys_buffer);

    handle_inactivity(keys_buffer);

    handle_send(keys_buffer);
}

// Low frequency clock configuration
static void lfclk_config(void)
{
    nrf_drv_clock_init();

    nrf_drv_clock_lfclk_request(NULL);
}

// RTC peripheral configuration
static void rtc_config(void)
{
    //Initialize RTC instance
    nrf_drv_rtc_init(&rtc, NULL, tick);

    //Enable tick event & interrupt
    nrf_drv_rtc_tick_enable(&rtc, true);

    //Power on RTC instance
    nrf_drv_rtc_enable(&rtc);
}

int main()
{
    // Initialize Gazell
    nrf_gzll_init(NRF_GZLL_MODE_DEVICE);

    // Attempt sending every packet up to 100 times
    nrf_gzll_set_max_tx_attempts(100);
    nrf_gzll_set_timeslots_per_channel(4);
    nrf_gzll_set_channel_table(channel_table,3);
    nrf_gzll_set_datarate(NRF_GZLL_DATARATE_1MBIT);
    nrf_gzll_set_timeslot_period(900);

    // Addressing
    nrf_gzll_set_base_address_0(0x01020304);
    nrf_gzll_set_base_address_1(0x05060708);

    // Enable Gazell to start sending over the air
    nrf_gzll_enable();

    // Configure 32kHz xtal oscillator
    lfclk_config();

    // Configure RTC peripherals with ticks
    rtc_config();

    // Configure all keys as inputs with pullups
    gpio_config();

    // Main loop, constantly sleep, waiting for RTC and gpio IRQs
    while(1)
    {
        __SEV();
        __WFE();
        __WFE();
    }
}


/*****************************************************************************/
/** Gazell callback function definitions  */
/*****************************************************************************/

void  nrf_gzll_device_tx_success(uint32_t pipe, nrf_gzll_device_tx_info_t tx_info)
{
    uint32_t ack_payload_length = NRF_GZLL_CONST_MAX_PAYLOAD_LENGTH;

    if (tx_info.payload_received_in_ack)
    {
        // Pop packet and write first byte of the payload to the GPIO port.
        nrf_gzll_fetch_packet_from_rx_fifo(pipe, ack_payload, &ack_payload_length);
    }
}

// no action is taken when a packet fails to send, this might need to change
void nrf_gzll_device_tx_failed(uint32_t pipe, nrf_gzll_device_tx_info_t tx_info)
{

}

// Callbacks not needed
void nrf_gzll_host_rx_data_ready(uint32_t pipe, nrf_gzll_host_rx_info_t rx_info)
{}
void nrf_gzll_disabled()
{}

[run_ar]

Hi,
Are you sure you included the files correctly? you need to both add them to the project as well as define the path to their location. Which toolchain is this? could you possibly upload the project? Let me know which SDK version and path for the project if you do.

[hansparson013]

hy,

i'm already include all library relate to error but still get errors, i'm use sdk 12.3 and device nrf51822 also i'm using stlink v2 for compile. maybe you want to check py project:

drive.google.com/.../1fW0A7wgczGVgIX7Htbx5z7xwZlZY66yr

i'm include the library from sdk12.3 in folder components

[run_ar]

I am sorry, as far as I know we do not support stlink in our SDK.