nRF9160 VSCode examples don't run properly

I am having a problem with all of my projects compiled with VSCode NCS 2.2.0:

I understand that one of the COM ports (I'm on Windows) should send output. When I flash the Asset Tracker sample to my Thingy:91, it works fine. There is terminal output, and I can send AT commands and see responses.

However, when I follow the instructions to import the AT_Client sample in VSCode, build for the thingy91_nRF9160_ns, and flash, there is no terminal output in LTE Link Monitor on any terminal. If I Debug, the debugger never gets to main(). If I pause it, it is usually here:

Does anyone know why this would happen? I have tried putting breakpoints in main(), but they are never hit.

I am debugging a Thingy91 with a SEGGER J-link Plus probe. The hello_world worked once, last week, before re-flashing with demo samples, and now no VSCode projects work properly.

I have erased with J-flash lite, nRF Connect Programmer, and VSCode, to no avail. There are no error messages in the build or debug session.

I can flash the .hex samples and they work fine.

The debugger runs and is running. It does not break at main(). If I click Pause, it is usually here:

It may be getting stuck in some sort of bootloader image validation. Sometimes if I pause, it is in checks in a function called main that is not my main:

This happens whether or not I have Debug Options checked in the build.

Any ideas?

Parents
  • Hello, 

    Due to Christmas Holidays our team is lower staffed than normal and some delays in our answers must be expected.  We apologize for the inconvenience. 


    However, when I follow the instructions to import the AT_Client sample in VSCode, build for the thingy91_nRF9160_ns, and flash, there is no terminal output in LTE Link Monitor on any terminal

    What instructions are you referring to? Can you please provide me a link.

    When I flash the Asset Tracker sample to my Thingy:91, it works fine. There is terminal output, and I can send AT commands and see responses.

    Is this the precompiled filed or flashed from VS Code? Have you ensured that "SWD Select" is set to nRF91? If set to nRF52, have you tried to reprogram the connectivity brigde? This worked for me.

    Kind regards,
    Øyvind

  • Instructions I am referring to are the standard instructions to build and flash with VSCode.

    An example, I am trying to run this lesson exercise:

    https://academy.nordicsemi.com/topic/lesson-2-exercise-1/

    Which links to the instructions:

    https://nrfconnect.github.io/vscode-nrf-connect/get_started/build_app_ncs.html

    https://nrfconnect.github.io/vscode-nrf-connect/get_started/quick_debug.html

    Those are the instructions I am following to build and flash, and the only instructions I am aware of.

    The pre-compiled examples all work fine. I flash those with Connect for Desktop Programmer app, or J-flash lite, and they work great.

    When I flash the nRF9160 from VSCode with compiled examples, I get to the debug output above, but nothing on the serial ports.

    The Serial ports are still there, so the nRF52 Connectivity Bridge is fine, and yes, my switch is on nRF91.

    Could you please find out what could cause the nrf91 code to not run to main, but the pre-comipled examples to work?

  • I'm sorry, I'm still not able to reproduce your issue. Your sample worked on my side as well, however, I did need to rebuild.

    Looking at the build folder that was in your .zip file, the folder is missing files. Could there be an issue with your build environment?

    This is the build folder from your .zip file

    Here is the build folder where I rebuilt


    The most important files e.g. merged.hex is missing in your build folder. Can you provide the build log from VS Code?

  • Oyvind,

    Sorry about the missing files, and the late reply! I have been busy until today.

    I just built the at_clientTest1 again, and got 2246 files, 63.1MB size, and a zephyr/merged.hex

    When I debug, it doesn't print from main. If I pause, this is where it pauses:

    at_clientTest1_jan27_withmerged.zip

    Building at_clientTest1
    west build -t clean --build-dir c:\PersonalProjects\thingy91\at_clientTest1\build
    
    -- west build: running target clean
    [1/2] Cleaning additional files...
    [2/2] Cleaning all built files...
    Cleaning... 0 files.
     *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it. 
    
     *  Executing task: nRF Connect: Build: at_clientTest1/build (active) 
    
    Building at_clientTest1
    west build --build-dir c:\PersonalProjects\thingy91\at_clientTest1\build c:\PersonalProjects\thingy91\at_clientTest1
    
    [1/274] Generating include/generated/version.h
    -- Zephyr version: 3.2.99 (C:/ncs/v2.2.0/zephyr), build: v3.2.99-ncs1
    [2/274] Creating directories for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [3/274] No download step for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [4/274] No update step for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [5/274] No patch step for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [6/274] No configure step for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [6/274] Performing build step for 'mcuboot_subimage'
    [1/1] Linking C executable zephyr\zephyr.elf
    Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used
               FLASH:       40410 B        48 KB     82.21%
                 RAM:       28024 B     211736 B     13.24%
            IDT_LIST:          0 GB         2 KB      0.00%
    [57/274] Generating ../../tfm/CMakeCache.txt
    -- The C compiler identification is GNU 12.1.0
    -- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
    -- Found assembler: C:/ncs/toolchains/v2.2.0/opt/zephyr-sdk/arm-zephyr-eabi/bin/arm-zephyr-eabi-gcc.exe
    -- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/v2.2.0/opt/bin/python.exe (found version "3.8.2") found components: Interpreter 
    -- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/v2.2.0/opt/bin/python.exe (found suitable exact version "3.8.2") found components: Interpreter 
    -- Cache files will be written to: C:/ncs/v2.2.0/zephyr/.cache
    -- Configuring done
    -- Generating done
    -- Build files have been written to: C:/PersonalProjects/thingy91/at_clientTest1/build/tfm
    [62/274] No configure step for 'tfm'
    [63/274] Performing build step for 'tfm'
    [0/1] Re-running CMake...
    -- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/v2.2.0/opt/bin/python.exe (found version "3.8.2") found components: Interpreter 
    -- Found Python3: C:/ncs/toolchains/v2.2.0/opt/bin/python.exe (found suitable exact version "3.8.2") found components: Interpreter 
    -- Cache files will be written to: C:/ncs/v2.2.0/zephyr/.cache
    -- Configuring done
    -- Generating done
    -- Build files have been written to: C:/PersonalProjects/thingy91/at_clientTest1/build/tfm
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    Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used
               FLASH:       80028 B     380416 B     21.04%
                 RAM:       33048 B     211736 B     15.61%
            IDT_LIST:          0 GB         2 KB      0.00%
    [266/274] Generating zephyr/tfm_nonsecure.hex
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    [268/274] Generating zephyr/mcuboot_primary.hex
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    sign the payload
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    sign the payload
    [271/274] Generating ../../zephyr/dfu_application.zip
    [272/274] Generating ../../zephyr/app_test_update.hex
    sign the payload
    [273/274] Generating ../../zephyr/app_moved_test_update.hex
    [274/274] Generating zephyr/merged.hex
     *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it. 
    
     *  Executing task: nRF Connect: Flash: at_clientTest1/build (active) 
    
    Flashing build to 600106256
    west flash -d c:\PersonalProjects\thingy91\at_clientTest1\build --skip-rebuild -r nrfjprog --dev-id 600106256
    
    -- west flash: using runner nrfjprog
    -- runners.nrfjprog: Flashing file: C:\PersonalProjects\thingy91\at_clientTest1\build\zephyr\merged.hex
    Parsing image file.
    Verifying programming.
    Verified OK.
    Applying system reset.
    Run.
    -- runners.nrfjprog: Board with serial number 600106256 flashed successfully.
     *  Terminal will be reused by tasks, press any key to close it. 
    

  • Hello, 

    The attached project failed on my side as well, running the merged.hex. Tried to add a new build configuration to your project, and this did not fail. 

    What version of the Thingy:91 are you using? And with what modem fw? I don't think the modem fw should have anything to say in this matter though.

  • Ah, glad you were able to replicate the issue! It sounds to me like my build process is messing something up.

    I am using nRF SDK v2.2.0 from nRF Connect for Desktop, on Windows 10. I used the toolchain to install it to C:\ncs\v2.2.0.

    Then, I open VSCode from toolchain  Manager, this gives me the Nrf connect welcome screen.

    I just followed the instructions described above to build and flash. For the build, I choose "thingy91_nrf9160_ns". I have tried without the ns, and also tried checking the box "Enable debug options", with the same outcome: stuck in that crypto_platform_init.

    The thingy91's label says: PCA20035 / 1.4.0 / 2020.23 / PIN: 568345

    I can flash the .hex for the at_client, and with that I can use Link Monitor to connect to LTE, and send AT commands successfully. I believe I updated it to modemFW mfw_nrf9160_1.3.3 from the package "thingy91_fw_2022_12_08_188a1603".

    I just tried the lesson 2 exercise 2 instructions here:

    https://academy.nordicsemi.com/topic/lesson-2-exercise-2/

    and got the same result. No Link Manager access, and if I debug, it starts here:

    Then, when I click Play, nothing comes up on the COM ports. If I click Pause:

  • Collin Moore said:
    Ah, glad you were able to replicate the issue! It sounds to me like my build process is messing something up.

    Yes, there seems to be an issue on your side. Can you please provide the output from the VS Code command (SHIFT+CTRL+i) "nRF Connect: Generate Support information"?

Reply Children
  • Ok, the hotkey didn't work for me, but I went to the nRF Connect extension and clicked on Generate Support Information.

    IMPORTANT: The data below could contain sensitive or confidential information about your environment.
    If you do not wish this to be seen by others, please make sure to remove it before sharing.
    
    For help and support, visit the Nordic DevZone at https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/.
    
    {
      "platform": {
        "os": "win32",
        "osVersion": "Windows 10 Pro",
        "osKernel": "10.0.19044",
        "vscode": "1.74.3",
        "electron": "19.1.8",
        "node": "v16.14.2"
      },
      "system": {
        "date": "2023-02-04T04:03:42.931Z",
        "vscodeRoot": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Microsoft VS Code\\resources\\app",
        "nrfConnectForDesktopInstalled": true,
        "vscodeUptime": "11:28:02",
        "osUptime": "12:05:01",
        "cpu": {
          "model": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHz",
          "speed": "3411 MHz",
          "count": 4
        },
        "memory": {
          "total": "7.97 GB",
          "free": "2.19 GB"
        }
      },
      "workspace": {
        "name": "Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals",
        "workspaceFile": null,
        "folders": [
          "c:\\C-IoT-Fund\\Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals"
        ]
      },
      "extensions": {
        "internal": {
          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-connect": {
            "version": "2023.1.44",
            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-connect-2023.1.44-win32-x64",
            "isActive": true
          },
          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-terminal": {
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            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-terminal-2022.11.29",
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            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-devicetree-2022.11.153",
            "isActive": true
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          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-kconfig": {
            "version": "2022.11.50",
            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-kconfig-2022.11.50",
            "isActive": true
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        "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Nordic Semiconductor\\nrf-command-line-tools\\bin\\nrfjprog.exe": "10.15.4",
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      "connectedDevices": [],
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          "ozonePath": "",
          "applications": [
            "${workspaceFolder}\\lesson2\\cellfund_less2_exer2"
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          "applicationOptions": {},
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          "boardRoots": [],
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            "backend": "nRF Debug",
            "flash": true,
            "bindings": {}
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          "enableTelemetry": true,
          "registerUseNaturalFormat": true,
          "variableUseNaturalFormat": true,
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      "environment": {
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          "HOMEDRIVE": "C:",
          "HOMEPATH": "\\Users\\Collin",
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        "toolchainBinPath": "c:\\ncs\\toolchains\\v2.2.0\\opt\\zephyr-sdk\\arm-zephyr-eabi\\bin",
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  • Thank you for providing this information!

    Looking through your support information and comparing to mine I see that you do not have GNUARMEMB_TOOLCHAIN_PATH set

    How did you install the SDK? Are you using the toolchain manager?

  • Yes, sorry I wasn't clearer before. I installed everything via nRF Connect for Desktop. First I installed nRF connect, then the "Toolchain Manager", then followed its link to install VSCode, while installing toolchain 2.2.0, then opened VSCode and everything looks as it should in the examples to add and build code.

    I didn't change or add anything custom. I have some older path entries (as you can see!) to other compilers, etc, but I followed the instructions exactly to set up the IDE and Toolchain.

    I will try adding that path entry. Is that the only thing I am missing? I expected your instructions to work, and have not modified my install process at all.

    As a second attempt, I tried the whole process over, installing nrf connect, toolchain, VSCode on another laptop, with a fresh install of Windows 10, and got a similar result: Debugger stuck in nrf_spu_flashregion_set().

  • Ok, I have now followed the instructions on the page you linked, and I have added to my System PATH:

    I get a similar result when debugging. This is where it was when I paused after 5 minutes of running a debug session:

    Gene sent me a new nRF9160DK and it seems to have the same issue.

    Can you please help me get to where I can write code for these things and have it work?

    I have now followed the instructions exactly on two separate computers, with a thingy91 and a nRF9160DK (that both work fine with the at_client pre-compiled examples), and neither works.

    Now I have followed your extra instructions, that I have never seen before, and it still doesn't work.

    I was under the assumption that following the instructions would work, at least on one computer.

    What am I missing? Can you please point me to more complete instructions, or a path to getting working on Windows 10?

    Here is my Generate Support Info output again:

    IMPORTANT: The data below could contain sensitive or confidential information about your environment.
    If you do not wish this to be seen by others, please make sure to remove it before sharing.
    
    For help and support, visit the Nordic DevZone at https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/.
    
    {
      "platform": {
        "os": "win32",
        "osVersion": "Windows 10 Pro",
        "osKernel": "10.0.19044",
        "vscode": "1.75.0",
        "electron": "19.1.9",
        "node": "v16.14.2"
      },
      "system": {
        "date": "2023-02-09T15:56:10.414Z",
        "vscodeRoot": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Microsoft VS Code\\resources\\app",
        "nrfConnectForDesktopInstalled": true,
        "vscodeUptime": "00:00:50",
        "osUptime": "00:06:23",
        "cpu": {
          "model": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHz",
          "speed": "3411 MHz",
          "count": 4
        },
        "memory": {
          "total": "7.97 GB",
          "free": "1.48 GB"
        }
      },
      "workspace": {
        "name": "Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals",
        "workspaceFile": null,
        "folders": [
          "c:\\C-IoT-Fund\\Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals"
        ]
      },
      "extensions": {
        "internal": {
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            "version": "2023.1.44",
            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-connect-2023.1.44-win32-x64",
            "isActive": true
          },
          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-terminal": {
            "version": "2022.11.29",
            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-terminal-2022.11.29",
            "isActive": true
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          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-devicetree": {
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            "path": "c:\\Users\\Collin\\.vscode\\extensions\\nordic-semiconductor.nrf-devicetree-2022.11.153",
            "isActive": true
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          "nordic-semiconductor.nrf-kconfig": {
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    [08:56:40] west build --build-dir c:\C-IoT-Fund\Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals\lesson2\cellfund_less2_exer2\build c:\C-IoT-Fund\Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals\lesson2\cellfund_less2_exer2 --pristine --board thingy91_nrf9160_ns -- -DNCS_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION:STRING="NONE" -DCONFIG_DEBUG_OPTIMIZATIONS=y -DCONFIG_DEBUG_THREAD_INFO=y
    [08:59:22] Success.
    [09:03:08] west flash -d c:\C-IoT-Fund\Cellular-IoT-Fundamentals\lesson2\cellfund_less2_exer2\build --skip-rebuild -r nrfjprog --dev-id 600106256
    [09:03:24] Success.
    IMPORTANT: The data below could contain sensitive or confidential information about your environment.
    If you do not wish this to be seen by others, please make sure to remove it before sharing.
    
    For help and support, visit the Nordic DevZone at https://devzone.nordicsemi.com/.
    
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          "PATH": "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files\\Oracle\\Java\\javapath;C:\\Windows\\system32;C:\\Windows;C:\\Windows\\System32\\Wbem;C:\\Windows\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\;C:\\Windows\\System32\\OpenSSH\\;C:\\Program Files\\PuTTY\\;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\NVIDIA Corporation\\PhysX\\Common;C:\\Program Files\\Git\\cmd;C:\\WINDOWS\\system32;C:\\WINDOWS;C:\\WINDOWS\\System32\\Wbem;C:\\WINDOWS\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\;C:\\WINDOWS\\System32\\OpenSSH\\;C:\\Program Files\\TortoiseSVN\\bin;C:\\Program Files\\dotnet\\;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\dotnet\\;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Nordic Semiconductor\\nrf-command-line-tools\\bin\\;C:/PersonalProjects/ESP8266/ESP8266_RTOS_SDK/tools;C:\\Program Files\\CMake\\bin;C:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Roaming\\Python\\Python38\\Scripts;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\GnuWin32\\bin;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\SEGGER\\JLink;C:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python38\\Scripts\\;C:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python38\\;C:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\FAHClient;C:\\Users\\Collin\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Microsoft VS Code\\bin;C:\\Users\\Collin\\.dotnet\\tools;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Nmap",
          "GNUARMEMB_TOOLCHAIN_PATH": "C:\\gnu_arm_embedded",
          "ZEPHYR_TOOLCHAIN_VARIANT": "gnuarmemb"
        },
        "toolchainPath": "c:\\ncs\\toolchains\\v2.2.0",
        "toolchainBinPath": "c:\\ncs\\toolchains\\v2.2.0\\opt\\zephyr-sdk\\arm-zephyr-eabi\\bin",
        "toolchainVersion": "2.2.0"
      },
      "terminal": {
        "shell": null,
        "defaultProfile": null
      }
    }
    
    

  • Collin Moore said:
    First I installed nRF connect, then the "Toolchain Manager", then followed its link to install VSCode, while installing toolchain 2.2.0, then opened VSCode and everything looks as it should in the examples to add and build code.

    If you are using the Toolchain Manager it should fix everything for you. There should not be a reason to set the GNUARMEMB toolchain path.

    Is this your personal computer or business computer, i.e. are there any administrative rights needed? Did you install using VPN? Would it be possible to reinstall the nRF Connect SDK in the Toolchain Manager with Verbose Logging enabled under About:

    Collin Moore said:
    What am I missing? Can you please point me to more complete instructions, or a path to getting working on Windows 10?

    I'm really not seeing the reason for this either. What does your build configuration for the board look like? 

    And what does the build command look like in VS code

    Here is mine
    west build --build-dir c:\Temp\Projects\at_client-210\build_292249 c:\Temp\Projects\at_client-210 --pristine --board nrf9160dk_nrf9160_ns -- -DNCS_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION:STRING="NONE" -DBOARD_ROOT:STRING="c:/Temp/Projects/shell-2299;c:/Temp/Projects/cli_dongle210" -DCONF_FILE:STRING="c:/Temp/Projects/at_client-210/prj.conf" 




    I want to you try one last thing. In the Toolchain manager open Bash or Command Prompt

    This will open an instance of CMD or Git Bash, with all settings configured by Toolchain Manager.

    From here navigate to at_client (or other samples) e.g. cd nrf\samples\nrf9160\at_client

    Here you could try to build the sample using west build

    west build -b thingy91_nrf9160_ns -d build_300534

    This is exactly what VS code does as well, but interesting to see if does change anything. 

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