WDT & Bootloader: Multiple definitions of `WDT_IRQHandler'

[Nick_RA]

So I'm trying top add a bootloader+DFU to allow f/w updates via UART on my custom  board.

I'm already successfully using WDT in my app. Now I'm looking down the rabbithole of trying to integrate code from docs and/or examples into my own...

Using the example secure_bootloader_uart as my template for DFU, I've added the nRF-Bootloader files & updated the user include directories. But it seems that the bootloader WDT is duplicating driver WDT

nrf_bootloader_wdt.o: In function `WDT_IRQHandler':
nrf_bootloader_wdt.c:73: multiple definition of `WDT_IRQHandler'
\modules\nrfx\drivers\src/nrfx_wdt.c:61: first defined here

I'm not even sure if I need WDT support? Because my custom board has no buttons or LEDs I'll be using sd_power_gpregret_set() followed by a NVIC_SystemReset() - won't that clear the WDT anyway?

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 

I'm not so sure what you are planning to do.  If you want to add DFU support to your device you don't need to modify the application. 
Please follow the documentation or you can follow my step by step guide here.
The bootloader is compiled and flashed as separated application to your application. 

The bootloader handle WDT automatically, so you don't really need to do anything. (you don't need to integrate the bootloader code into your code)

[Nick_RA]

OK, that makes sense.

As I mentioned, I do need to trigger the DFU from my application though as these will be installed at remote online  locations, so I'll still need to set the gpregret register.

I may not be able to check out your guide for a few days but I will update this ticket when I do.

Thanks

Nick

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 

Nick_RA said:

The only reason I'm using PCA10040e example is because that is the nearest as far as I can see that would fit.

I don't think it's a good idea. PCA10040e example is for emulating the nRF52810 on a nRF52832. This may explain why you receive  insufficient resource error. The nRF52810 has only 192kB of flash. 
Please have a look here: https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/topic/sdk_nrf5_v17.1.0/index.html?cp=9_1_0

You will find this: 

If you want to use S112 with nRF52832 you should base on S132 example and then need to change the : 

- Preprocessor symbol to S112

- Start address of your application 

- Change the include directory of header file for S132 softdevice to S112 softdevice:

[Nick_RA]

Thanks for your patience, and sorry if I'm appearing a bit obtuse :/

Firstly, I've downloaded a fresh example and using "pca10040_s132_ble" (Segger) is giving the buttons not defined error when building when compiled as-is making no changes apart from replacing the dummy public key file. It's not an issue for me as I'm not using buttons anyway and it builds fine with the buttonless option removed.

On final (hopefully!) thing I don't really get is the memory addresses. Obviously one needs to set the addresses for the bootloader program itself to load & run, but I assume the bootloader needs to know the main application start address, which I can't see?

FYI, here's the Segger project file contents, this is the s132 bootloader being tweaked to s112

<!DOCTYPE CrossStudio_Project_File>
<solution Name="LPTB Bootloader" target="8" version="2">
  <project Name="LPTB _Bootloader">
    <configuration
      Name="Common"
      arm_architecture="v7EM"
      arm_core_type="Cortex-M4"
      arm_endian="Little"
      arm_fp_abi="Hard"
      arm_fpu_type="FPv4-SP-D16"
      arm_linker_heap_size="0"
      arm_linker_process_stack_size="0"
      arm_linker_stack_size="2048"
      arm_linker_treat_warnings_as_errors="No"
      arm_simulator_memory_simulation_parameter="RWX 00000000,00100000,FFFFFFFF;RWX 20000000,00010000,CDCDCDCD"
      arm_target_device_name="nRF52832_xxAA"
      arm_target_interface_type="SWD"
      c_preprocessor_definitions="BLE_STACK_SUPPORT_REQD;BOARD_PCA10040;CONFIG_GPIO_AS_PINRESET;FLOAT_ABI_HARD;INITIALIZE_USER_SECTIONS;NO_VTOR_CONFIG;NRF52;NRF52832_XXAA;NRF52_PAN_74;NRF_DFU_SETTINGS_VERSION=2;NRF_DFU_SVCI_ENABLED;NRF_SD_BLE_API_VERSION=7;S112;SOFTDEVICE_PRESENT;SVC_INTERFACE_CALL_AS_NORMAL_FUNCTION;uECC_ENABLE_VLI_API=0;uECC_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL=3;uECC_SQUARE_FUNC=0;uECC_SUPPORT_COMPRESSED_POINT=0;uECC_VLI_NATIVE_LITTLE_ENDIAN=1"
      c_user_include_directories="../../config;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/ble/common;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/boards;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/atomic;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/atomic_fifo;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/balloc;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/ble_dfu;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crc32;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/cc310;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/cc310_bl;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/cifra;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/mbedtls;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/micro_ecc;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/nrf_hw;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/nrf_sw;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/optiga;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/delay;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/experimental_section_vars;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/fstorage;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/log;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/log/src;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/mem_manager;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/memobj;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/queue;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/ringbuf;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/scheduler;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/sha256;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/stack_info;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/strerror;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/svc;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/util;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/common;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/s112/headers;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/s112/headers/nrf52;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/toolchain/cmsis/include;../..;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/fprintf;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/micro-ecc/micro-ecc;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nano-pb;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nrf_oberon;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nrf_oberon/include;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/integration/nrfx;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/hal;../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/mdk;../config"
      debug_additional_load_file="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/s112/hex/s112_nrf52_7.2.0_softdevice.hex"
      debug_register_definition_file="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/mdk/nrf52.svd"
      debug_start_from_entry_point_symbol="No"
      debug_target_connection="J-Link"
      gcc_debugging_level="Level 3"
      gcc_entry_point="Reset_Handler"
      linker_output_format="hex"
      linker_printf_fmt_level="long"
      linker_printf_width_precision_supported="Yes"
      linker_scanf_fmt_level="long"
      linker_section_placement_file="flash_placement.xml"
      linker_section_placement_macros="FLASH_PH_START=0x0;FLASH_PH_SIZE=0x80000;RAM_PH_START=0x20000000;RAM_PH_SIZE=0x10000;FLASH_START=0x19000;FLASH_SIZE=0x67000;RAM_START=0x200022c8;RAM_SIZE=0xdd38"
      linker_section_placements_segments="FLASH1 RX 0x0 0x80000;RAM1 RWX 0x20000000 0x10000;mbr_params_page RX 0x0007E000 0x1000;bootloader_settings_page RX 0x0007F000 0x1000;uicr_bootloader_start_address RX 0x10001014 0x4;uicr_mbr_params_page RX 0x10001018 0x4"
      macros="CMSIS_CONFIG_TOOL=../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external_tools/cmsisconfig/CMSIS_Configuration_Wizard.jar"
      project_directory=""
      project_type="Executable" />
    <folder Name="Segger Startup Files">
      <file file_name="$(StudioDir)/source/thumb_crt0.s" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Log">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/log/src/nrf_log_frontend.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/log/src/nrf_log_str_formatter.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Libraries">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/util/app_error_weak.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/scheduler/app_scheduler.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/util/app_util_platform.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crc32/crc32.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/mem_manager/mem_manager.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/util/nrf_assert.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/atomic_fifo/nrf_atfifo.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/atomic/nrf_atomic.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/balloc/nrf_balloc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/fprintf/nrf_fprintf.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/fprintf/nrf_fprintf_format.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/fstorage/nrf_fstorage.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/fstorage/nrf_fstorage_nvmc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/fstorage/nrf_fstorage_sd.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/memobj/nrf_memobj.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/queue/nrf_queue.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/ringbuf/nrf_ringbuf.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/experimental_section_vars/nrf_section_iter.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/strerror/nrf_strerror.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/sha256/sha256.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Crypto backend uECC">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/micro_ecc/micro_ecc_backend_ecc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/micro_ecc/micro_ecc_backend_ecdh.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/micro_ecc/micro_ecc_backend_ecdsa.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nano-pb">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nano-pb/pb_common.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nano-pb/pb_decode.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="Board Definition">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/boards/boards.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Drivers">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/hal/nrf_nvmc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/soc/nrfx_atomic.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Oberon_Crypto">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/nrf_oberon/lib/cortex-m4/hard-float/liboberon_3.0.8.a" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Crypto">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/nrf_crypto_ecc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/nrf_crypto_ecdsa.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/nrf_crypto_hash.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/nrf_crypto_init.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/nrf_crypto_shared.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="Application">
      <file file_name="../../main.c" />
      <file file_name="../config/sdk_config.h" />
      <file file_name="../../../Keys/public_key.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_micro-ecc">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/external/micro-ecc/nrf52hf_armgcc/armgcc/micro_ecc_lib_nrf52.a" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_BLE">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/ble/common/ble_srv_common.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Bootloader">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_app_start.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_app_start_final.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_dfu_timers.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_fw_activation.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_info.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/nrf_bootloader_wdt.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="None">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/mdk/ses_startup_nrf52.s" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/mdk/ses_startup_nrf_common.s" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/modules/nrfx/mdk/system_nrf52.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Crypto backend nRF sw">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/nrf_sw/nrf_sw_backend_hash.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_DFU">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/dfu-cc.pb.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/ble_dfu/nrf_dfu_ble.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_flash.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_handling_error.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_mbr.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_req_handler.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_settings.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_settings_svci.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_transport.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_utils.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_validation.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_ver_validation.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_SVC">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_svci.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/bootloader/dfu/nrf_dfu_svci_handler.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/svc/nrf_svc_handler.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_SoftDevice">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/common/nrf_sdh.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/common/nrf_sdh_ble.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/softdevice/common/nrf_sdh_soc.c" />
    </folder>
    <folder Name="nRF_Crypto backend Oberon">
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_chacha_poly_aead.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_ecc.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_ecdh.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_ecdsa.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_eddsa.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_hash.c" />
      <file file_name="../../../../../NRFSDK17_1_1/components/libraries/crypto/backend/oberon/oberon_backend_hmac.c" />
    </folder>
  </project>
  <configuration
    Name="Release"
    c_preprocessor_definitions="NDEBUG"
    gcc_optimization_level="Optimize For Size"
    link_time_optimization="No" />
</solution>

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 
It's strange that the bootloader didn't work out of the box. It's been there for a few years and we haven't got any report about this. Maybe you can test on a fresh copy of the SDK. 

Regarding your question, the bootloader automatically know the start address of the application because it has to be located right after the softdevice. The bootloader just need to read a special register in the softdevice to know the size of the softdevice. So you don't have to change that in the bootloader. 
However, if you change the softdevice in the application, you need to change the start address of the application according to the size of the softdevice. You can find the size of the softdevice by looking at the release note or look at an example that use the softdevice. 

[Nick_RA]

Hung Bui said:

Regarding your question, the bootloader automatically know the start address of the application because it has to be located right after the softdevice. The bootloader just need to read a special register in the softdevice to know the size of the softdevice. So you don't have to change that in the bootloader. 

OK I understand, but that conflicts with this:

Hung Bui said:

- Start address of your application

Sorry to drag this on, but this bit I don't really understand:

Hung Bui said:

However, if you change the softdevice in the application, you need to change the start address of the application according to the size of the softdevice. You can find the size of the softdevice by looking at the release note or look at an example that use the softdevice.

1. I am not changing anything at all in my actual application. It is the bootloader which I need to change  from the SDK example's S132 to suit my application's S112

2. So what memory changes do I need to make to the bootloader project, if any? I presume it is the section placement macros where it is set I(in SES). Or am I over thinking this and the existing S132 bootloader memory settings will work?

Thanks for your perseverence!

Nick

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 

Sorry for the confusion. Let me try again. 

- You don't need to modify the bootloader.

- You need to modify the application if you are converting it from using S132 to S112. You need to change where you set the start address of your application. Again , this is only in your application. No modification in the bootloader. If your application is already working with S112 then you don't need to do anything. 

[Nick_RA]

Hi Hung

I think we've got out of sync in this thread

So, let me just reset...

My main application is built using S112. It's working, and I do not want to change it.

The example bootloaders provided for 10040 are only written for S132. so I need to change the bootloader not the application (as per your suggestion earlier when I was using 10040e example) to use with my application/softdevice.

I've rebuilt the secure bootloader changing the softdevice prefix, include folders etc according to your advice, it boots fine and the DFU actually transfers now, but the system crashes afterwards. So obviously the new image is being loaded incorrectly.

So I'm still at the stage where I need to tweak the bootloader to work with the application+S112 which I assume is defining flash addresses.

Hope this makes sense!

Regards

Nick

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 

Sorry it's my mistake. I was thinking about the application address that you don't need to modify on the bootloader. The only thing you need to modify is to change from using S132 header to S112 header. In particular you need to change these to s112: 

And change this to S112: 

I noticed that you set the FLASH_START address to 0x19000. It's not correct, keep all of them as they are:

If you still have issue, please give us more info on how it crashed and have you checked if it crashed in the bootloader or in the application. 

[Nick_RA]

Hi Hung

Happy to say it works now! I can perform DFU over BLE on both NRF52DK and my custom board. All I need to do now is add UART transport but I'm hoping that should be a relatively simple task now I have a working platform...

Thanks for your help and patience - I admit this one has dragged on a bit!

Regards,

Nick

[Hung Bui]

Hi Nick, 
I'm glad that it's working now. It should be straight forward to add UART transport. As far as I remember it's suggested to initialize UART before BLE . You can have a look at this case.